• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.85-94
• /
• 1998

In year 1996, the National Geography Institute(NGI) carried out a National Fundamental Network survey. A total of 220 baselines between 31 stations were occupied that the baseline length is 40 km-120 km(mean 67.4 km). A minimally constrained network adjustment with three dimensional baseline vectors, was carried out holding geocentric ITRF94 coordinates of the station SUWON which are determined by eccentric observations from the VLBI station. This paper shows KTRF94 coordinates of fundamental stations which accuracies are estimated 1 cm in horizontal and 3 cm in vertical. Also, the coordinates are compared to WGS84 and/or KGS95.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2020

Romanticists realized the ideals of a more fantastic and better society for the present day in which they lived; in addition, dress was an important medium of expression of this period. The Incroyables were a group that expressed eccentric forms and abuses of luxury through their clothing, centering around the second generation of financial elite groups during the French Directoire. Incroyables created their own fashion that expresses their new image in dress, expressing the intense personal innerity of life, which was influenced by the romanticism of pursuing an internal expression of the subjective and emotional individual. This study used a literature review to analyze the characteristics of the Romanticism expressed in the Incroyables fashion. The research results were as follows. First, it was an expression of an emotional desire for and ancient regime. Incroyables fashion were based on bourgeois nostalgia for the days of the ancient regime that resulted in an emphasis on individual and original human views. Second, it was also a hybrid of Romantic classicism. It was a form emphasizing body form where body beauty expressed a classical form through a dress under the influence of neo-classicalism that desires to return to nature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.245-251
• /
• 2001

A fretting wear tester is developed for experimental study on the fuel fretting problem of light water reactor. The feature of the developed tester is it can simulate the existence of gap between spring and fuel rod as well as different contacting force including the just-contact condition (0 N on the contact). Used are a servo-motor, an eccentric cylinder and lever mechanism for driving system. A spacer grid cell is constituted with four strap segments (each segment has a spring). This fretting wear tester can also be used as a fatigue tester of a spacer grid spring with the frequency of more than 10 Hz. It is required to simulate the frequency of the vibrating fuel rod due to flow-induced vibration in a reactor. In fretting wear test, up to two span-length of a fuel cladding tube can be accommodated. A specimen of cladding tube of one span-length is specially designed, which can be extended for two-span test. For .fatigue test, a device for clamping the spring fixture is installed additionally, Presently, the tester is designed for the condition of air environment and room temperature. The variation of the reciprocal distance is measured to check the stability of input force, which will be exerted to the cladding (for fretting wear. test) and the spring (for fatigue test) specimen.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.643-648
• /
• 2008

Ultra-thin sheet metal forming techniques are required in precision forming of miniaturized and integrated products. In order to manufacture a good quality and low cost ultra-thin sheet metal products, a highly precise high-speed press is needed. The precision of a press is related with its vibration characteristics during pressing operation. This study evaluated the vibration characteristics of a proposed press design using computer simulation. The analysis compares the static deformation characteristics of the slide and the slide motion for the metal forming of an ultra-thin sheet of thickness less than 0.1mm. Further, in order to minimize the vibrations during high speed pressing operation, revolution balances of the eccentric shaft and the balance weight device is also considered. Finally, modal analysis is used to characterize the natural frequency of vibration of the press.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.156-161
• /
• 2017

In this study, the reason of die fracture occurring in hot forging of an aluminum fixed scroll was studied, based on experiments and finite element predictions. The material is assumed to be rigid-viscoplastic, and the die is rigid for the finite element predictions. The stress in the tension at the wrap root is known to cause brittle fracture, and the increase in the tensile stress is owing to the unbalanced filling of material into the die cavities between both sides of the warp. Based on the empirical and numerical achievements, the effects of geometrical parameters of the material on the die fracture were examined to find practical measures for elongated die life. It has been shown from the parametric study that the material with the optimized trapezoidal cross-section, which can be easily made during cutting or the optimized cylindrical billet with its eccentric placement in the die cavity, can considerably reduce the magnitude of the tensile stress around the die corner fractured, indicating that economical manufacturing with reduced number of stages and elongated die life can be realized at once using the optimized practical initial material.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.44 no.1 s.137
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 2006

Anisakiasis is a parasitic disease caused by ingestion of raw fish infected with anisakid larvae. Endoscopic changing patterns of submucosal lesions in chronic gastric anisakiasis have not been known yet. Here we report 4 cases of suspected gastric anisakiasis which were improved during follow-up periods without surgical treatment. The patients presented with abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting after consuming raw marine fish, and visited our gastroenterology outpatient department. Their endoscopic findings showed firm and yellowish submucosal masses accompanied with eccentric erosions. Histologic findings showed severe eosinophilic infiltrations. In blood tests, peripheral eosinophil counts and total IgE levels were elevated. We believed that all cases were caused by larval anisakid infections. The submucosal mass lesions disappeared during the follow-up periods of 2 to 4 mo.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2014

Enhancing the working speed and positional accuracy of high-speed press machines is essential for improving the parts accuracy and productivity. However it is known that the positional accuracy decreases and the risk of parts failure increases as the working speed of press machine increases. Therefore predicting such problems during the stage of press structure design is necessary for precise design of high-speed press machines. In the present investigation, the dynamic-elastic deformation of press drive module parts with eccentric masses was examined by finite element analysis and experiment. Then the positional accuracy and parts failure of high-speed press machines was evaluated.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.9
• /
• pp.454-461
• /
• 2001

Acoustic noise and vibration of a BLDC motor is a coupled phenomenon between mechanical characteristics and electromagnetic origins through the motor air-gap. When a relative misalignment of rotor in the air-gap center exists on the assemblage, it is considered to influence the motor system characteristics. In this paper, the back electro motive force(BEMF) is analyzed by Finite Element Method(FEM) and verified by experiments for the SPM and IPM type motors. For magnetic field analysis, a FEM is used to account for the magnetic saturation. Using these results, the FEM is made to determine the appropriate electromagnetic field analysis in BLDC motors with rotor eccentricity ratio. A radial magnetic imbalance force of BLDC motor with rotor eccentricity is analyzed. Results demonstrate that the imbalance force is increased according to the degree of misalignment. An IPM motor, mostly chosen to realize high-speed operation, shows a worse effect on magnetic unbalanced forces and dynamic responses compared with SPM motor due to magnetic saturation when the rotor eccentricity exists.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.56-62
• /
• 2006

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare primary salivary gland malignancy characterized by histological features similar to those of ductal carcinomas of the breast. It is regarded as a high-grade malignancy associated with frequent local recurrences and early distant metastases that require aggressive treatment. The typical fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings in SDC include cellular smears showing tumor cells with eccentric pleomorphic nuclei and a granular cytoplasm arranged in flat sheets or cribriform patterns against a necrotic background. However, the presence of mucin-containing cells in SDC has been rarely described. We report the FNAC findings in a patient with histologically confirmed SDC that demonstrated numerous mucin-containing cells and was subsequently misdiagnosed as a high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Here we discuss the problems involved in distinguishing SDC from high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma on the basis of cytologic findings alone.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.88-92
• /
• 2002

Scattered single cells or variable sized clusters of signet ring cells in the aspirated smears of breast lesions are almost exclusively associated with carcinoma. The signet ring cells are defined as those containing a prominent intracytoplasmic vacuole or amorphous cytoplasm diffusely dispersed with mucin. The primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the breast behaves more aggressively than carcinoma without signet ring cells. Therefore, it is very important to make a correct diagnosis of signet ring cell carcinoma. Fine needle aspiration cytology is useful for diagnosis of breast lesions Including signet ring cell carcinoma. We report two cases, which showed mostly signet ring cells in the aspirated smears of the breast. One case consisted of numerous individual signet ring cells and variable sized cell clusters in rather mucoid background. The tumor cells had abundant amorphous cytoplasm filled with dispersed mucin or occasionally mucin vacuoles(PAS +) and eccentric nuclei. The resected mass revealed mucinous carcinoma. The other showed the cytologic findings of low cellularity, and small loosely cohesive signet ring cell clusters with mild nuclear pleomorphism. It was confirmed as lobular signet ring cell carcinoma in the resected tumor.