• Archives of design research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 1992

In the 1970s, the term Post - Modernism came into use to lable work of graphic design who broke up the Swiss style that had defined clarity and order. The characteristics of Post - Modernism graphic design include pluralistic and eclectic style. Those innovation of graphic design concerned with our social, political. cultural, and econonic changes. Deconstruction is one of the theory of Post-structualism. Deconstruction refers to the breaking down of metaphysics, rationalism, totality and so on. Deconstructive graphic design destroys traditional harmony even more than Marinetti's claim. Totality in graphic design seems to be ignored. Post - Modernism in architecture appears as historical revivalism and pluralism. The eclectic revivals and eccentric reinventions in graphic design are far too pluralistic and diverse to fit such as a simplistic system of style. Another innovation in graphic design occurs by electronic revolution. The impact of computer upon graphic design is becoming even more pronounced. Most importantly, Post-Modernism can consider the rediscovered freedom in graphic design. Graphic design is undergoing profound changes. But the essence of graphic design as com$$\mu$ication tools will remain unchanged.

• IE interfaces
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.223-235
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• 1997

The process of determining the optimal tool path in PCB(printed circuit board) drilling operations is identical with that of solving a TSP(traveling salesman problem). However, the optimal solution will be ruined when a drill bit needs tracking back in its tool paths. The back tracking occurrences shorten a life of the main spindle and result in inaccurate mechanical movements. In this study, the performances of four heuristics(Nearest Neighbor, Convex Hull, Greatest Angle and Most Eccentric Ellipse) are evaluated to obtain feasible tool paths along with less number of back trackings for a large number of holes(more than 2000holes/bit) and to generate corresponding NC codes for a given CNC drill. Also, the operations of these algorithms are visualized to show a user the graphic image of tool visitation with PCB holes on a computer screen.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.341-355
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• 2012

Numerical studies are performed to predict the stress-strain behavior of rectangular RC columns confined by multi-spiral hoops under axial and eccentric compressions. Using the commercial finite element package ABAQUS, the Drucker-Prager criterion and the yield surface are adopted for damaged plasticity concrete. The proposed finite element models are compared with the published experimental data. Parametric studies on concrete grades, confinement arrangement, diameter and spacing of hoops and eccentricity of load are followed. Numerical results have shown good agreements with experimental values, and indicated a proper constitutive law and model for concrete. Cross-sectional areas and spacing of the hoops have significant effect on the bearing capacity. It can be concluded that rectangular RC columns confined by multi-spiral hoops show better performance than the conventional ones.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 1998

Dynamic behavior of a scroll compressor has been investigated analytically. The equations of motion of moving elements of the scroll compressor such as the orbiting scroll, anti-rotation device, slider bush, and the crank shaft with eccentric crank pin have been set up. As the solutions of these equations, reaction forces between the moving elements, and also between the moving elements and the compressor frame have been calculated. The reaction forces from the moving elements to the frame are the unbalanced forces, which produce accelerations of the compressor body. These accelerations can be used as a measure of the compressor vibration. The major contributions to the unbalanced forces come from the orbiting movement of the orbiting scroll.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.109-120
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• 1989

We tend to consider only static occlusion such as molar relationship, canine key, and interdigitation at finishing stage. Of course, this static occlusion is important for post-orthodontic stability. But we should remember that mandible is always on the move during its various functions. If no pressure or too much pressure is put on during its functions, untoward tooth movement could occur. And tooth mobility, periodontitis, wear facet, bruxism, and far worse temporomandibular disorder could occur. After many studies have been done on what is a desirable occlusal scheme to strengthen post-orthodontic stability, today, "mutually protective occlusion" is recommended. If an orthodontist does not have understanding about this occlusal scheme during orthodontic treatment, the following conditions will be resulted after orthodontic treatment. I. Centric discrepancy 1. centric prematurity 2. sunday bite 3. molar fulcrum II. Eccentric discrepancy 1. posterior interference 2. anterior interference If we have deep understanding about these discrepancies that can happen after orthodontic treatment and their causes, corrections, and especially preventions against them, post-orthodontic stability could be strengthened and further temporomandibular disorder could be prevented.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.327-334
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• 1999

Steel box girders are popular to the Practicing engineers for the its large Pure torsional constant. But closed box girders at-e susceptible to the eccentric loading due to the distortion of the cross section. Distorton of the box girder develops the warping normal stress and transverse flexural stress in the cross section and their magnitudes can be large unless internal diaphragms are installed sufficiently. In this study, stiffness matrix and equivalent nodal force vector are formulated on the basis of displacement method. Shape functions are directly derived from the homogeneous solution of the governing differential equation of the distortion. New finite element formulations were coded into a computer program. Several numerical examples were presented to show the validity of developed program.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.22 no.10 s.185
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• pp.869-877
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• 1984

An objective examination of 123 subjects aged from 19 to 23 was made from a clinical standpoints to determine the natural occurrence in anterior tooth contact in centric occlusion, and tooth contact in protrusive occlusion, left and right lateral excursions, and temporomandibular dysfunction. 1. In centric occlusion, maxillary 6 anterior contact type was frequently observe (30.08%) compared with other types of contact (incisor contact: 19.47%, no contact: 17.70%, canine and incisor contact: 15.04%, canines contact: 12.39%, unilateral canine contact: 5.31%) (P<0.01) 2. In protrusive position (edge to edge bite), maxillary central incisors contact was predominant (86.7%). (P<0.01) 3. In lateral excursion, there was not any significant difference between canine guided occlusion (47.79%) and group function occlusion (total 51.32%, AG:9.29%, PG:13.27%, G:28.76%). 4. Temporomandibular joint dysfunction was observed in 12.4% of 123 subjects.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.80.2-80.2
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• 2017

We present chemical and kinematic properties of the Milky Way's halo system investigated by carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars identified from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We first map out fractions of CEMP-no stars (those having no over-abundances of neutron-capture elements) and CEMP-s stars (those with over-enhancements of the s-process elements) in the inner- and outer-halo populations, separated by their spatial distribution of carbonicity ([C/Fe]). Among CEMP stars, the CEMP-no and CEMP-s objects are classified by different levels of absolute carbon abundances, A(C). We investigate characteristics of rotation velocity and orbital eccentric for these subclasses for each halo population. Any distinct kinematic features identified between the two categories in each halo region provide important clues on the origin of the dichotomy of the Galactic halo.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.63.2-63.2
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• 2017

우리 은하에 있는 618개 이심궤도 식쌍성의 카타로그를 제작하였다. 그 이심 식쌍성들은 우리의 극심시각 database에 수록된, 또는 여러 전천 탐사 자료에서 수집된 측광 자료로부터 새롭게 결정된, 또는 우리가 직접 관측하여 얻은 약 13만개의 극심시각 자료의 식시각도 분석을 통하여 편집된 것이다. 618개의 이심 식쌍성 중에서 근성점 운동을 보이는 시스템은 모두 170개이며, 이중에서 30개의 쌍성이 근성점 운동과 광시간 효과가 동시에 일어난다. 근성점 운동을 보이는 별들의 근성점 운동 변수들을 일관된 방식으로 산출하여 카타로그에 수록하였다. 우리가 작성한 최신의 카타로그는 기존 카타로그에 비해 양과 내용에 있어 가장 방대하다. 우리 은하 근성점 운동 쌍성들과 소마제란 성운과 대마젤란 성운에서 발견된 근성점 운동 쌍성들을 모아 근성점 운동 변수들의 통계적 분포를 살펴 보았고, 그 결과들을 논의한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.2322-2330
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• 1994

The torsion problem in a cylindrical rod is usually formulated in terms of either the warping function or the Prandtl stress function. In a rod whose cross-section is bounded by circles and rectangles, we develop an analytic solution approach based on the warping function, which satisfies Laplace's equation. The present formulation employs polynomials and The Fourier series-type solutions, both of which satisfy exactly the governing differential equation. Using the present method, the maximum shear stress and torsional rigidity are efficiently and accurately calculated and the present results are compared with those by other methods. The specific numerical examples include the case with eccentric holes which was investigated earlier. The finite element results are also compared with the present results.