• 아동학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.71-95
• /
• 2009

This study investigated relationships among infant development, teacher's sensitivity, home literacy environment, and infant-teacher interaction in the child care setting. Verbal and behavioral interactions between 30 2-year-old infant-teacher pairs were video-recorded during free play activities; teachers' sensitivity was observed by trained observers; infant development was assessed by teachers; data on the early home literacy environment were gathered through maternal self-reported questionnaires. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-tests, and correlation analyses. Results indicated that boys showed more naming; girls showed more physical contact with teachers. Infants high in overall developmental level showed more behavioral interaction with teachers. Teacher's sensitivity correlated positively with behavioral imitating and negatively with questioning and nodding. Verbal interaction in the home correlated positively with nodding.

• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of early contact between mothers and infants on attachment behaviors. Methods: The participants were purposely allocated to an experimental group (n=20) and a control group (n=20). For the experimental group, early contact between mothers and newborns took place for 10 minutes. Mother-infant attachment was assessed in the nursery. Data analysis was done using frequency, percentage, $x^2$ test, mean, standard deviation, and t-test with the SPSS/WIN program. Results: The experimental group practicing early mother-infant contact, showed a higher degree of identifying behaviors (p<.05), modalities of interaction (p<.05), and caretaking behaviors (p<.05) than the control group. Conclusion: The early mother-infant contact at 2 hours post-delivery had positive effects on mother-infant attachment. Therefore an early contact can be recommended for all mothers-to-be as a way of improving mother-infant relationships.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.842-849
• /
• 2005

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to establish a nursing intervention data base to improve maternal attachment. Method: The first group of mothers( control group), experienced their first physical contact with their infants after being discharged from the hospital. The second group (experimental group) practiced early initial mother-infant postpartum contact known as the most sensitive period for founding maternal-infancy attachment. The subjects of this study gave birth to normal infants at M hospital from Aug.25 to Sept.30, 2004. During the same time, data was collected through direct observation, with instruments designed by Cropley et al., to assess the behaviors of normal attachment. The statistical methods for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation and t-test with an SPSS program. Result: The group practicing initial mother-infant contact, showed a higher degree of physical and functional bonding than the group experiencing the first contact after discharge from the :10spital (control group)(p<.0l). The group practicing initial mother-infant contact, showed higher degrees of bonding attachment assessments than the group experiencing their first initial contact after their discharge from the hospital(p<.01). Conclusion: The group practicing early mother-infant contact, showed more maternal-infant interaction than the group experiencing their initial contact after their discharge from the hospital. These results show that maternal attachment behavior increases according with an early initial mother-infant contact.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2006

The study aimed to determine the effects of Early Childhood STEP on parenting stress and child's behavior. The study subjects were 29 Korean mothers and their child. The researcher translated the Parent's guide of the Early Childhood STEP into Korean, along with the video tapes for parents. The experimental group was educated with the Early Childhood STEP program (lecture, reading educational material, discussion, watching video). To determine the pre- and post-test differences of parenting stress and infant behavior, t-test was used. The results are presented below. First, Early Childhood STEP exhibited a decreasing effect on the parenting stress of mothers. Second, STEP exhibited a decreasing effect on the infant behavior, particularly the behaviors in the areas of incapability, revenge, and power reactions.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.504-514
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the influencing factors of mother-infant attachment and construct a descriptive model that explains mother-infant attachment during the early postpartum period. Method: The hypothetical model of this study consisted of 8 variables with 23 constructed paths. The subjects of this study were 152 postpartum women. Data was analyzed to test the hypothetical model using covariance structure analysis. Result: The final model which is modified from the hypothetical model improved to Chi-Square 41.92, GFI .95, AGFI .89, RMSR .02, RMSEA .06, NFI .94, and NNFI .95. Mother-infant attachment during the early postpartum period was proven to be influenced directly by neonatal perception, maternal sensitivity, and maternal-fetal attachment and also indirectly by social support, maternal-fetal attachment and maternal identity. These variables accounted for 32% of the variance of the mother-infant attachment during the early postpartum period. Conclusion: It is necessary that the nurses provide postpartum women with an intervention using social support for improving maternal identity and alleviating maternal role strain. It can be helpful to improve maternal sensitivity and in the end it will facilitate the mother-infant attachment during postpartum period.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.209-214
• /
• 1987

A survey to determine the zinc content of early-infant food sources was conducted. Collected samples from various lots were human milk from volunteer mothers and infant formula and market milk from markets. The determined results by Atomic absorption Spectrophotometer were as follows: 1. Averages of Zn were 201$\pm$144 $\mu\textrm{g}$/dl in human milk, 2.243$\pm$0.888 mg/100g in infant formula, 292$\pm$90$\mu\textrm{g}$/dl in market milk and showed the decline trend by the lactation periods in human milk. (p<0.01) 2. Estimated daily intake of Zn from human milk was higher than that from infant formula in 3 months old infants.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.349-357
• /
• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 영유아교육기관을 위한 저작권 교육 연수 요구를 분석하는데 있다. 본 연구에서는 영유아교육기관 원장과 교사 248명을 대상으로 영유아교육기관을 위한 저작권 교육 연수 요구를 조사하였다. 질문지를 사용하여 조사한 자료는 내용에 따라 빈도, 평균, 표준편차 등을 산출하였고, 기초 변인에 따른 차이를 알아보기 위해서 t-검증과 ANOVA 검증을 사용하였다. 영유아교육기관 원장과 교사는 소속기관, 직위, 교육경력 등에 따라서 저작권 교육 연수 요구가 다르게 나타났다. 저작권 교육 연수 주제로는 '영유아교육기관의 업무와 관련된 저작권의 이해'에 대한 요구가 가장 높게 나타났고, 연수 내용으로는 글자체(폰트)와 음원 사용 등의 저작권 침해에 대한 요구가 가장 높게 나타난 것으로 보아 영유아교육현장과 직접 관련있는 내용의 저작권 교육 요구가 높음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구결과는 영유아교육기관을 위한 저작권 교육 연수 프로그램 개발과 실행에 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.2727-2734
• /
• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 어머니의 영아에 대한 애착과 양육효능감이 영아-어머니의 상호작용에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위해 전라북도 G시의 어린이집 영아와 영아의 어머니 180명을 대상으로 연구를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 어머니의 영아에 대한 애착, 양육효능감, 영아-어머니 상호작용은 보통이상으로 나타났다. 둘째, 어머니의 영아에 대한 애착과 영아-어머니 상호작용은 정적상관이 나타났다. 특히 민감한 반응과 정적상관이 가장 높게 나타났다. 반면 냉담은 영아-어머니 상호작용 전체와 부적상관이 나타났다. 셋째, 어머니의 양육효능감과 영아-어머니 상호작용은 정적상관이 나타났으며 특히 민감한 반응과 정적상관이 가장 높게 나타났다. 의사소통, 전반적 양육효능감은 민감한 반응과 정적상관이 존재하였다. 교육과 통제는 양육자의 언어적 모델링과, 정적상관이 가장 높게 나타났다. 넷째, 영아-어머니 상호작용에 미치는 요인은 어머니 양육효능감의 의사소통, 통제, 전반적 양육효능감이었으며, 어머니의 영아에 대한 애착에서는 접촉추구, 결속이 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.89-116
• /
• 1991

The purpose of this study was to describe mother -infant interacting behavior patterns related to newborn infant feeding and to explore the mother's cultural belief about their infant. The data collection was conducted by observation and interview. Twenty-five mothers and their newborn infants who were normally delivered and were also planned to breast feed were comprised as the subjects of this study. All subjects were interviewed and observed individuaily at 1 to 5 days after the delivery at the hospital, mid -wife's clinic, Maternal Child Health Center and their home throughout the country from remote area to big city, The observation data were recorded with symbolic letter on a recording sheet newly developed as a result of preliminary study. The interview data were taperecorded and then recorded in narrative form. Mother - infant interaction behaviors in early feeding period were analyzed based on 19 analytic sub-categories and their composing elements. Unit of analysis were mother, infant and mother -infant dyad. 8 analytic categories draw from the data. Each were preparation, instrument, interaction inducing, evaluation referred to mother's behavior, preparation, instrument, interaction inducing referred to infant's behavior and synchronic behaviors referred to mother - infant dyad. Frequencies of behavior items based on the categories were converted to percent. The result showed that in mother's preparation behavior, the breast condition of Korean mother can be an affecting factor for mother - infant interaction during feeding, and vocalization behavior was observed most frequently in interaction inducing behavior while the least frequent behavior observed was contacting. Subcultural characteristics of mother - infant interaction behaviors were analyzed for their relationships between groups of mothers who have lived in remote area vs urban area, and who were multipara vs primipara. Using a chi -square test, there were statistically significant relationships in the activity of psychological readiness in preparation behavior and the movement of extremities for the position of instrumental behavior in both groups. However, interaction inducing behaviors were not related with statistical significance in any set of groups. Accomplishment of marriage, bonding and emotional mediation of family members were the categories related to mother's cultural belief about the infant in aspect of functional values. Infant at birth is considered little more than a biological organism without social capabilities. Although the newborn infant is still be attached to his mother, he makes his mother extend her territoriality. The mother's interacting behavior toward her infant based on those beliefs appeared task oriented, separative behavioral series. On the other hand, it was seen that infant reacted independently to his mother's behavior by the in-nate perceptual abilities. Those independent behavioral series of mother and infant on the feeding situation were synchronized at any moment. Nurses are In a unique position to teach mothers about their infant's capabilities and help reducing some of uncertainty about infant's behaviors. Study results indicated that the informations infant's social capabilities and breast feeding should be given to the mothers. The results of this study have several implications for nursing. First, the study results will be used as fundamental resources for the development of the assessment tool about the early mother - infant interaction. Second, the results could be a relevant information in the fied. I of maternal child nursing education as real and useful data. Third, the behavioral patterns of early mother - infant interaction which were classified based on the qualitative analysis could be used for nursing theory development as very fundamental data.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 1995

The quality of mother-infant interaction during early postpartum period has a significant influence on the child growth and development in many aspects. The mother's initial perception of the newborns might have the lasting influence on the development of the mother-infant attachment and mother-infant relationship. Therefore the proper mother-infant interaction should be developed after infant birth. However, it is acknowledged that the high risk infants influence on the mothers' perception because of their abnormalities or disorders of physical condition and the restricted maternal contacts and interactions. The object of this study is to identify the difference of mother's perception of their normal and high-risk newborn during the early postpartum period. The ultimate goal is to contribute to use this basic data to develop nursing intervention toward the promotion of healthy mother-infant relationship and the helping of growth and development of children. The data were collected for this study from Sep. 21, 1990 to Oct. 1. 1991 at E University Hospital. The sample was 83 of mothers who had normal newborns and 73 mothers who had high risk newborns .The instrument was Neonatal Perception Inventory(NPI) designed by the Broussard for the measurement of mothers' perception of newborns about Average Baby and Your Baby. The data were analysed by using an SPSS Program and include percentage mean, SD, t-test, ANOVA. The results of this study are as follows : 1. The normal newborn mothers' perception is more positive than the high-risk newborn mothers(t=7.94, p=0.000). 2. Mothers' perception of the newborns is not related significantly to mothers' general characteristics. In conclusion, in order to promote positive, healthy mother-infant relationship, the nurse need to support, give information, and educate high-risk newborn mothers through early nursing assessment.