• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.127-142
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• 2004

The major purpose of this study is to investigate the actual condition of elementary school, nursery school, social welfare facilities providing after-school child care programs and to suggest new after-school program which is focused on social and emotional development for children of dual-earner couples. The cases of current after-school programs in Seoul and Gyeonggi area were analyzed. The results are as follows. First, it was showed Hat elementary school' child care programs after school were designed for speciality-aptitude education during 3-4 hours. Second, nursery school's programs were showed to instruct children in homework and make up learning and were operating until late evening. But the nursery school fee is more expensive than the other facilities. Third, social welfare facilities have a variety of program than elementary school and nursery school. But the program still consist of homework, supplementary lessons, speciality education etc. These facilities have too much students, compared to the teachers

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.163-178
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• 1998

This study is to identify the influence of dual-earner couples' job related variables on marital satisfaction and quality of life. For the data set 228 dual-earner couples living in Pusan, Korea were chosen. The data were analyzed using M, SD, t-test, one-way ANOVA, scheffe test, and path analysis. The findings of this study are as follows; First, the level of marital satisfaction and quality of life are higher for husbands than wives. Second, for husbands, the level of marital satisfaction were differed by husbands' housework participation, husbands' support, and job satisfaction. Whereas for wives, the level of marital satisfaction were differed by husbands' house work participation, husbnand's job stressorors, and wives' employment motivation. Third, for husbands, the level of quality of life were differed by husbands' housework participation, husbands' support, job satisfaction, and husbands' job stressors. Whereas for wives, the level of quality of life were differed by income, husbands' support, job satisfaction, working hours, husbands' job stressorors, and wives' employment motivation. Fourth, for husbands, marital satisfaction, job satisfaction, and working hours have significant direct effect on quality of life. Besides, husbands' job stressors, and husbands' and husbands' housework participation, and job satisfaction are indirectly associated with quality of life.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.351-363
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• 2005

This study examined the relations between dual-earner parents' attitudes toward the employer-supported day care service and their expectations of well-being improvement. The data of this study were collected from 271 dual-earner couples. The main results of this study were as follows: 1) Dual-earner parents showed more positive attitudes toward the employer-supported day care service. 2) Significant difference by sex was observed in dual-earner parents' attitudes toward the service: Mothers displayed more positive attitudes than fathers. Also, either being positive or negative in the attitude differed according to the respondents' income and job. 3) Parents' attitude toward the day care service was significantly correlated with expectations of well-being improvement. The more positive attitudes they showed about the service, the more expectations of well-being improvement they reported, and vice versa. 4) Positive (employers, parents, children) and negative (parents) attitudes were significant variables predicting parents' expectations of well-being improvement.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.73-93
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of work-family conciliation strategies on work-family conflict and enrichment in dual-earner couples who live in Daegu with children. The subjects of this study were 176 dual-earner couples, who have under 16 youngest children and work over 15 hours each week. The research tool was questionnaires. For data analysis, factor analysis, Cronbach ${\alpha}$, paired t-test and multiple regression were performed. The main results of this study were as following. First, there were significant differences in management and planning skill strategy, work-family conflict and enrichment according to gender. Second, positive attitudes strategy toward multiple responsibilities, wives use, had an influence on work${\rightarrow}$family conflict in wives. Also, partner coping, management and planning skill, and positive attitudes strategy, wives use, and management and planning skill strategy, husbands use, had an influence on family${\rightarrow}$work conflict in wives. And management and planning skill and professional adjustment strategy, husbands use, had an influence on family${\rightarrow}$work conflict in husbands. work-family conciliation strategies had no influence on work${\rightarrow}$family conflict. Third, positive attitudes strategy toward multiple responsibilities, wives use, had an influence on work${\rightarrow}$family enrichment in wives. Also, partner coping strategy, wives use, and management and planning skill strategy, husbands use, had an influence on family${\rightarrow}$work enrichment in wives. And positive attitudes strategy toward multiple responsibilities, husbands use, had an influence on work${\rightarrow}$family enrichment in husbands. Also management and planning skill strategy, wives use, and partner coping, professional adjustment and management and planning skill strategy had an influence on family${\rightarrow}$work enrichment in husbands.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.253-274
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• 2008

The link between work life and family life is an essential subject matter in understanding the lives of dual-earner couples. Concepts of spillover and crossover explain the link between work and family. The present study examines both the positive and negative aspects in these processes. The data come from the Sloan Working Families Study conducted by the Alfred P. Sloan Center on Parents, Children, and Work and NORC at the University of Chicago. The Experience Sampling Method employed explores directly the daily life experiences of the participants. The data were analysed using t-test. Both spillover and crossover were found in the lives of dual-earner couples in this study. Men and women brought happy emotions at work to home, but the data provide limited support for spillover of negative emotions. Gender differences were more apparent in examining the process of crossover. Men appear responsive to the positive and negative emotional experiences their spouse brought home while women were found not to be responsive to their spouses' positive emotional experiences at work. Furthermore, the analysis revealed an interesting trend concerning the emotions of working couples in that they generally seem to recover to their average level of emotions once home. This suggests that home can be a respite from strong emotions, a comforting place. By looking closely into the emotions experienced by working parents in their daily lives, this study adds contextual understanding concerning the link between work and family life. The findings on the effects of positive experiences at work invite social work practitioners and researchers to further investigate the phenomena of spillover and crossover processed in greater detail, taking into account this contextual aspect of family life as well as the work life of dual-earner couples.

• Proceedings of KHEA Conference
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• 1997.07a
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• pp.130-130
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• 1997

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.143-160
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to empirically verify the difference between traditional gender role attitude and realistic dual earner attitude. Most preceding studies analyzed gender role attitude by summated rating scale while few studies have been conducted on the difference between traditional gender role attitude and dual earner attitude. Method: By using the 9th Korea Welfare Panel Data (year 2014), this study extracted households of married couples and with children in working age (18 through 64 years of age) who are the main subjects in work-family relationship. First, this study classified traditional group and modern group in their gender role attitude and passive group and active group in their dual earner attitude and by crossing these attitudes, drew out 4 gender role/dual earner attitudes. For analysis, this study investigated frequency of attitude types through descriptive statistics. By conducting ANOVA, study verified if there are significant differences in the satisfaction with family relationship depending on the types of gender role/dual earner attitudes. Lastly, study examined the effect of socio-economic status and demographic characteristics on the types of gender role/dual earner attitudes by conducting multi-nominal logistic regression analysis. Results: As the result of analysis, first, half of respondents belonged to 'equal-role-oriented type' who has modern gender role attitude and active dual earner attitude. However, there were not a few 'dual-earner-avoiding type' who has modern gender role attitude but passive dual earner attitude and 'incongruous attitude type' who has traditional gender role attitude but active dual earner attitude. Next, 'incongruous attitude type' had significantly low level of satisfaction with overall family life, relationship with spouse and relationship with children than other attitude types. Lastly, those whose incomes belong to poor strata, those who are high school graduates and lower, males and those who are over the age of 60 had significantly higher probability of belonging to 'incongruous attitude type.' Conclusion: The results of analysis demonstrate that the difference between gender role attitude and dual earner attitude is an important matter and since 'incongruous attitude type' exhibits low level of satisfaction with family relationship, scrupulous policy approaches are required for those who have high possibility of belonging to 'incongruous attitude type.'

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.2 s.86
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• pp.37-46
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• 2007

This study aims to explore the variable factors by which fathers affect nursing practices. for this study 544 married couples were interviewed, which resulted in the following conclusions. First, wives have higher fairness than husbands in sharing their parental roles. Second, in some couples, there was a difference seen in the expectations of each parents nursing capability, but rarely were differences in real nursing practices actually observed. Third, all couples interviewed showed some disparity between their expectations of parental nursing capability and their real nursing practices, where the expectations for nursing capability were higher than the real nursing practices. Fourth, higher expectations for nursing capabilities from fathers result in them having better parental roles. Fifth, there is no correlation between parental nursing practices and social demographic variables. Lastly, the impacts on the parental nursing practices are ranked by relative importance as parental nursing capability, the wife's expectation for parental nursing capability and so on.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.63-76
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• 1996

The purposes of this study were to examine; 1) the difference of the amount between husbands' and wife's leisure time in dual-earner household. 2) the relationship between leisure time of each spouse and selected demographic/socioeconomic measures and use of time in paid work and household work. Empirical survey was conducted by using structured questionaire and time-diary. The sample of this study were 98 dual-earner couples. The major findings were that; 1) the leisure time of husbands and wives were not significantly different on weekday. But husbands had significantly more leisure time than wives on Sunday : husband's mean minutes equal 444, while wife's mean minutes equal 350. 2) on weekday time spent in paid work and household work leisure time of spouse were significantly related to the leisure time of both husband and wife. In addition paid worktime of spouse was significantly related to the leisure time of husband. On Sunday household worktime leisure time of spouse w re significantly related to the leisure time of both husband and wife. 3) on weekday selected sociodemographic measures were not significantly related to the leisure time of both husband and wife. On Sunday degree of wife's education husband's income were significantly related to the leisure time of wife and age of younger child was significantly related to the leisure time of husband.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.151-162
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of various stressors among dual-earner families on parenting stress and marital satisfaction. Using a survey data collected from 168 dual-earner couples, this study investigated impact of various stressors, including husband division of labor, the satisfaction of childcare arrangement, husband's support on wife's outside work, family socioeconomic status, and strains from job. The finding suggested that, after controlling background variables(length of marriage, the number of children, and family income), high husbands' support on wife's outside work and low strains about their work hours had influenced on higher parenting stress among fathers, while high strains about their work hours had related to high parenting stress among mothers. It also found that high satisfaction on childcare arrangement and low depression were the factors predicting higher marital satisfaction of mothers, and high support on their wife's outside work, low work role strain, low depression, and low parenting stress had influenced on higher marital satisfaction among fathers. Discussions and recommendations for future research were added.