• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.5 s.120
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• pp.522-529
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• 2007

A semidynamic frequency divide-by-1.5 MMIC comprises a tunable polyphase filter, tunable image-rejection mixer, and a static divide-by-2 in the feedback path. Wideband suppression of unwanted tones is achieved by employing a tunable image-rejection mixer and a tunable single-stage polyphase filter. Implemented in GaInP/GaAs HBT technology, the divide-by-1.5 MMIC operates over the input frequency range of 4.5 to 9.2 GHz with better than -20 dBc suppressions of $1/3{\times}f_{in}\;and\;f_{in}$ tones, while dissipating 29 mA from 4.1 V supply.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2017

One of the main reasons of information divide of multi-cultural family is caused by language barrier that is associated with low education level. In addition the social problem can be triggered by the information divide that may increase the gap of economic inequality. With respect to the overall capability of accessibility of digital devices and the level of data utilization, the parent of muiti-cultural family's level is inferior to that of the parents of an ordinary family. However the traditional learning contents management system for those parents is not appropriate to decease the gap of the information divide. To handle this problem, it is necessary to construct a customized learning contents management system that is used to support the education of the parents of multi-cultural family depending on the level of understanding the learning contents written in korean. In this paper we design the korean to korean translation based learning contents management system and show the result of its prototype.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.1619-1625
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• 2007

Many various digital contents came out to our world owing to the advance of information and communication technologies. More rapidly the technologies of information and communication develop, more classes disadvantaged might appear so that it might incur society with distinction in getting information which is called digital divide. In this time, public library has to play important rules in dissolving the digital divide of our society. In this paper, we will not investigate only how much users of digital multimedia centers in the public library satisfy, but also what factors affect the satisfaction of the users significantly. Specially, we will analyze difference of the influence factors between urban and rural region so that we will propose strategy for operating the digital multimedia centers in the public library efficiently and effectively in order to dissolve the digital divide.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.177-188
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• 2022

The support vector machine (SVM) has been successfully applied to various classification areas with a high level of classification accuracy. However, it is infeasible to use the SVM in analyzing massive data because of its significant computational problems. When analyzing imbalanced data with different class sizes, furthermore, the classification accuracy of SVM in minority class may drop significantly because its classifier could be biased toward the majority class. To overcome such a problem, we propose the DOC-SVM method, which uses divide-oversampling and conquers techniques. The proposed DOC-SVM divides the majority class into a few subsets and applies an oversampling technique to the minority class in order to produce the balanced subsets. And then the DOC-SVM obtains the final classifier by aggregating all SVM classifiers obtained from the balanced subsets. Simulation studies are presented to demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the proposed method.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.91-105
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• 2022

This study investigates the effects of different types of digital informatization (i.e. access, skill, utilization) on life satisfaction. The mediation effects of the outcome of digital device use between digital informatization and life satisfaction are also tested. The '2020 Survey on the Digital Divide' conducted by the National Information Society Agency was referenced for empirical analysis. The findings show that in general, digital informatization contributes to improving life satisfaction. In addition, the outcome of digital device use mediates the positive relationship between digital informatization and life satisfaction. However, the magnitudes of the effects of digital informatization and mediation effects differed according to the types of digital informatization. This study supports the necessity and justification for a digital informatization policy and provides valuable information that helps establish and promote digital informatization policies. In addition, this study helps to understand the determinants of the third-level digital divide information by examining the relationship between digital informatization and the outcome of digital device use.

• Journal of Software Assessment and Valuation
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

The ability to recognize human emotions by computer vision is a very important task, with many potential applications. Therefore the demand for emotion recognition using not only RGB images but also thermal images is increasing. Compared to RGB images, thermal images has the advantage of being less affected by lighting conditions but require a more sophisticated recognition method with low-resolution sources. In this paper, we propose a Divide and Conquer-based CNN training strategy to improve the performance of facial thermal image-based emotion recognition. The proposed method first trains to classify difficult-to-classify similar emotion classes into the same class group by confusion matrix analysis and then divides and solves the problem so that the emotion group classified into the same class group is recognized again as actual emotions. In experiments, the proposed method has improved accuracy in all the tests than when recognizing all the presented emotions with a single CNN model.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.847-850
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• 2008

On today, human is going to develop machine by using mutual communication to machine. Including vision - based HCI(Human Computer Interaction), the technique which to recognize finger and to track finger is important in HCI systems, in HCI systems. In order to divide finger, this paper uses more effectively dividing the technique using subtraction which is separation of background and foreground, as well as to divide finger from limited background and cluttered background. In order to divide finger, the finger is recognized to make "Template-Matching" by identified fingertip images. And, identified gestures be compared the tracked gesture after tracking recognized finger. In this paper, after obtaining interest area, not only using subtraction image and template-matching but to perform template-matching in the area. So, emphasis is placed on decreasing perform speed and reaction speed, and we propose technique which is more effectively recognizing gestures.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.492-498
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• 2017

In this paper, we integrate a divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) in CMOS technology with a $0.18-{\mu}m$ BiCMOS process. We propose a self-injection technique that utilizes harmonic conversion to improve the locking range, phase-noise, and input sensitivity simultaneously. The proposed self-injection technique consists of an odd-to-even harmonic converter and a feedback amplifier. This technique offers the advantage of increasing the injection efficiency at even harmonics and thus realizes the low-power implementation of an odd-order division ILFD. The measurement results using the proposed self-injection technique show that the locking range is increased by 47.8% and the phase noise is reduced by 14.7 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset frequency with the injection power of -12 dBm. The designed divide-by-3 ILFD occupies $0.048mm^2$ with a power consumption of 18.2-mW from a 1.8-V power supply.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.477-484
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• 2008

At the point of time needing intergrated plan in each field for preparing the unification between the South and the North of Korea. They show the biggest difference in the field of information and expecting that cultural difference in various fields cause huge expense after unification and prevent both the South and the North of Korea from being unified. By the method of Delphi, we can clear the question of the Digital Divide we have more efficiency and systematic policy.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.4502-4518
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• 2015

Fisher linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is one of the most popular projection techniques for feature extraction and has been widely applied in face recognition. However, it cannot be used when encountering the single sample per person problem (SSPP) because the intra-class variations cannot be evaluated. In this paper, we propose a novel method called local similarity based linear discriminant analysis (LS_LDA) to solve this problem. Motivated by the "divide-conquer" strategy, we first divide the face into local blocks, and classify each local block, and then integrate all the classification results to make final decision. To make LDA feasible for SSPP problem, we further divide each block into overlapped patches and assume that these patches are from the same class. To improve the robustness of LS_LDA to outliers, we further propose local similarity based median discriminant analysis (LS_MDA), which uses class median vector to estimate the class population mean in LDA modeling. Experimental results on three popular databases show that our methods not only generalize well SSPP problem but also have strong robustness to expression, illumination, occlusion and time variation.