• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.189-193
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• 2000

민간 약으로 사용되는 쇠비름의 물 추출물에 대하여 실험한 결과 간 효소 활성의 경우 $CCl_4$에 의하여 손상된 간에 대하여 간 질환 치료제인 silymarin 과 비교하여 s-GPT 치는 59.4%, s-GOT 치는 55.8% 의 개선효과가 있었으며, 이뇨활성의 경우는 최대일 때 이뇨제인 furosemide의 43.7%에 해당하는 이뇨 효과를 나타냈고, carrageenan에 의한 부종에 대하여는 항염제인 indomethacin의 61.8% 에 해당하는 부종억제 효과를 보여 쇠비름 전제(前劑)의 간질환 개선, 이뇨 및 항부종의 약용가치는 충분하다고 사료된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.7-18
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• 1996

5-Hydroxytryptamine(5-HT, serotonin), when given into the vein, produced antidiuretic action accompanied with reduction of glomerular filtration(GFR), renal plasma flow(RPF), osmolar clearance(Cosm) and amounts of sodium or potassium excreted in urine( $E_{Na}$ , $E_{K}$), with the augmented reabsorption rates of sodium and potassium in renal tubules. 5-HT, when infused into a renal artery, exhibited diuretic action accompanied with the augmented RPF and increased $E_{Na}$ and $E_{K}$ in only infused kidney. Antidiuretic action of 5-HT infused into the vein was not influenced by ketanserin, 5-H $T_2$receptor blockade, given into a renal artery, vein or carotid artery, by methysergide, 5-H $T_1$receptor blockade, given into a renal artery, whereas above antidiuretic action was inhibited by methysergide given into vein or carotid artery. Diuretic action of 5-HT infused into a renal artery in only experimental kidney was blocked by ketanserin injected into a renal artery, was not influenced by methysergide administered into a renal artery. Above results suggest that 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) produced the antidiuretic action through central 5-H $T_1$receptor and the diuretic action through 5-H $T_2$receptor located in renal tubules of kidney.ney.

• 생약학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.242-247
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• 1986

This study is an attempt to investigate the effects of the water extracts of the whole plants of Prunella vulgaris (Labiatae) and Thesii chinense (Santalaceae) on the acute toxicity, the activities on central nervous system and the diuretic action. The acute toxicities shown by $LD_{50}$ were estimated to be more than 3000 mg/kg p.o. and 1,000 mg/kg s.c. in the extracts of Prunellae Herba and Thesii Herba, respectively, in mice. The extracts at a dose of 2,000 mg/kg p.o. did not show any activities on central nervous system, i.e, sedative, analgesic, hypothermic and anticonvulsant actions. The urination in rats was increased by 45.5% and 57.6% when 100mg/kg of each of the extracts were given orally. The results obtained revealed that the water extracts possessed weak diuretic actions without any of central nervous system activities. Furthermore, it is considered that the potassium in the extract may play a role in the diuretic action.

• 생약학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.178-192
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• 1983

Polygalae Radix was used as diuretics, analgesics and expertorants in oriental medicine. The root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. (Polygalaceae) is comprised saponin (Onjisaponin A,B,C,D,E,F and G) polygalitol, onsitin and sugars. The pharmacological action of crude Polygala-saponin (PS) obtained from the roots are studied. The following results were obtained; 1) The median lethal dose $(LD_{50})$ of PS in mice is presented 71.1mg/kg s.c. and 694. 5mg/kg p.o.. 2) PS demonstrated diuretic action of relatively long acting duration in mice. 3) The diuretic mechanism of PS was found due to inhibitory effect of renal tubular reabsorption of electrolytes and glomerular vascular dilatation. 4) The group, administered simultaneously PS and cefadroxil monobydrate was significantly increased with PS alone group on diuretic action. Synergistic effect cefadroxil monohydrate on the diuretic action of PS seems due to competitive inhibition of plasma protein binding with PS. 5) PS demonstrated analgesic action by the acetic acid stimulating method and Randall-Selitto test in mice. 6) PS presented antipyretic action against febrile treated with the typhoid vaccine. 7) PS was significantly prolonged against the hypnotic duration of pentobarbital in mice. 8) Onset time convulsion and death induced by picrotoxin and strychnine in mice were not delayed. According to the above results, the PS was identified as a pharmacological active component obtained from roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.249-256
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• 1999

Glibenclamide(GLY)(1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg), an ATP-dependent $K^+$ channel blocker, when given into the vein in dogs, produced the diuretic action accompanied with the increase of osmolar clearance($C_{osm}$), urinary excretion of $Na^+$ and $K^+$ ($E_{Na}$, $E_K$), and with the decrease in reabsorption rates for $Na^+$ and $K^+$ in renal tubules ($R_{Na}$, $R_K$), and then ratios of $K^+$ against $Na^+$($K^+$/$Na^+$) were decreased. GLY did not affect mean arterial pressure at any doses used. At a low dose(0.1 mg/kg), GLY injected into a renal artery brought about the diurectic action in both experimental and control kidney, however at a higher dose(0.3 mg/kg), GLY appeared significant diuretic action in the control kidney, but not in experimental kidney and the decrease of glomerular filtration rates(GFR), renal plasma flow(RPF), $E_K$, and the increase in $E_{Na}$. In the control kidney, these changes in renal function exhibited the same aspect as shown in intravenous experiments. In experiments given into carotid artery of GLY(0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg), changes in all renal function included the increase in urine volume were the same pattern as shown in intravenous experiments. The above results suggest that glibenclamide produces diuretic action through central function and the action site of the GLY in kidney is the renal distal tubules in dogs.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.351-356
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• 1997

This study was performed in order to investigate the effect of renal denervation on diuretic action of UK 14, 304, $\alpha$$_2$-Adrenergic Agonist, administered into the vein and the carotid artery in dog. The diuretic action of UK 14, 304 administered into the vein or the carotid artery was reversed to the antidiuretic action by renal denervation, this time, the decrease of N $a^{+}$excretion amounts in urine ( $E_{Na}$ ) and the increase of N $a^{+}$ reabsorption rates in renal tubule ( $R_{Na}$ ) were exhibited. This results suggest that central diuretic action of UK 14, 304 is mediated by renal nerves and the antidiuretic action of UK 14, 304 in denervation kidney is caused by the increase of N $a^{+}$reabsorption rates ( $R_{Na}$ ) in renal tubules in dog.n dog.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 1994

수신증 또는 요관수류수신증으로 이뇨 신장스캔을 시행한 80명의 환아중 이노신장스캔영화영상에서 10분 이상의 뚜렷한 지속적인 요관 영상을 보이는 12명의 16예의 신장요관계를 대상으로 요관 관심영역에 의한 이뇨요관그람 요관곡선과 신장 관심 영역에 의한 이뇨 레노그람 신장곡선의 배뇨 반감시간을 포함한 각각의 정량적 지표를 비교 분석하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1) 이뇨 신장스캔영화영상에서 10분 이상의 뚜렷한 지속적 요관 영상을 보이는 경우인 스캔상 요관 이상(요관확장)의 진단률을 방사선학적 검사에 의한 결과와 비교하였을 때, 예민도와 특이도는 각각 88%와 99%이었다. 2) 이뇨 요관그람 요관곡선상 이뇨 요관배뇨 반감시간의 비폐쇄의 폐쇄에 대한 경계치를 10분 이하로 하였을 때 요관 폐쇄 여부를 판별한 예민도와 특이도는 각각 86% (7/8) 이었다. 3) 이뇨 요관그람 요관곡선상 이뇨 요관배뇨 반감시간(Ut1/2)과 이뇨 레노그람 신장곡선상 이뇨 신장배노 반감시간(Kt1/2)간에 유의한 상관 관계를 보였다(r=0,70: p<0.01). 결론적으로 소아의 폐쇄성 요로질환에서 이뇨 신장스캔상 10분 이상의 지속적 요관 영상을 보이는 경우 이뇨요관그람 요관곡선을 이뇨 레노그람 신장곡선과 함께 분석하여 요관 폐쇄의 유무와 정확한 부위를 평가하여 치료 방침을 결정하는 것이 필수적일 것으로 사료된다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2007

Dichrostachys cinerea (Linn.) is commonly known as Vadatalla and used as phytotherapeutic agent. Tender shoots of the plant bruised and applied to the eyes in case of ophthalmia. The root is astringent and used in rheumatism, urinary calculi and renal troubles. The effect of the Ethanolic and aqueous extract of the root of D. cinerea were studied for its anti-urolithiatic and diuretic activity at 200 mg/kg dose level in male Wistar albino rats. Ethylene glycol feeding resulted in hyperoxaluria as well as increased renal excretion of calcium and phosphate. Supplementation with aqueous and ethanolic extract of the plant significantly reduced the elevated urinary oxalate, showing a regulatory action on endogenous oxalate synthesis. Compared to ethanolic extract, aqueous extract exhibited significant anti-urolithiatic activity. Both the extracts showed significant diuretic activity. The results of our present study supports folklore claim of D. cinerea.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.34-46
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• 1971

The existence of oxytocin in the pituitary gland of chicken has been ascertained, but its physiological roles are still obscure. In the study the action of oxytocin on renal function of the chicken was investigated during water diuresis, utilizing clearance and the Sperber technique. The results obtained are summarized as follows: Oxytocin, like in many species of mammals, elicited a profound diuretic response in the chicken. Urine flow, excretion of electrolytes, as well as glomerular filteration rate increased, with intravenous infusion of $3{\sim}10\;m{\mu}/kg/min$. Oxtocin, infused into the renal portal circulation via hindleg vein in a dose of $3{\sim}13\;m{\mu}/kg/min$. elicited marked increase in urine flow, glomerular filteration rate and sodium excreted in the urine. The diuretic effect was more pronounced in the infused side. It is suggested that diuretic response to oxytocin in the chicken results from dual action of oxytocin: increase of GFR and inhibition of sodium reabsorption on the renal tubule. The possibility that oxytocin might act through some endogenous substances could be ruled out.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2005

The crude methanolic extract of the leaves of Amoora cucullata Roxb. was investigated for its possible anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenin induced rat paw edema model and cotton pellet implantation method in rat. The extract was also studied for its antinociceptive activity using acetic acid induced writhing model in mice. At the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, the extract showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in both models. At the same doses, the extract also significantly reduced the number of acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction (writhing) in mice. The crude extract also showed significant diuretic activity in albino mice.