• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to mate a basic foundation for the discourse of Koreanness of contemporary Korean landscape architecture by way of searching the conceptual definitions of Koreanness through analysis of Koreanness discourses. The results are that discourses of Koreanness are to be classified in aesthetics type, spatial-temporal type, and cultural type. Aesthetics type is understood as style in terms of formal and design representation planning principles of spatial composition and immanence in terms of philosophy. Spatial-temporal type is understood as contemporaneity. This is classified as the concept of connoting of tradition, and separating and keeping a distance from tradition. Cultural type is prescribed as cultural identity. This is classified as unity, generality and individuality. The intension of Koreanness of these types is represented as an aspect changing and shifting from one regulation to another regulation. First, in the concerns of substantial archetypes like Korean original form, decorative element, spatial composition aesthetic perception and philosophy, Koreanness shifts to the point of view of contemporaniety which is created and defined in history. Second, Koreanness as contemporaniety shows a trend of shifting the point of view which is to be found through the reconsideration on modem history and modernism. Third, Koreanness defined as cultural identity shows a trend to emphasize the differences in other cultures and includes all the modem cultural agents. The number of views understood as individuality and denial are small but provide important points. Programmatic definition of Koreanness is not suitable. This basic study uses a stipulative or operational definition of Koreanness in many ways such as spatial and regional identity. Koreanness study for Korean contemporary landscape architecture requires a systematic understanding of modernity and colonization relating to identity. Also, it is needed to elaborate on the discourse to divide the meaning of a concept of identity.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.155-177
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• 2011

This paper attempts to explore the universal foundation on which the discourses on the validity criteria in qualitative research should be based, and further discuss in depth the scope and direction of an adequate validity criterion in qualitative research by critical examination of previous discourses. To establish the foundation for qualitative research, first of all, the concept of quality and qualitative paradigm were examined in terms of ontology and epistemology, especially focused on the works carried out by Aristotle, Kenneth and Boyd. Secondly, the earlier studies on the validity of qualitative research were critically reviewed in terms of the theoretical findings on the concept of quality and qualitative paradigm. The major results include the following: First, the true content of quality is defined as the 'what-ness' or essence of things perceived by subjects, and qualitative paradigm as adequate framework for qualitative research is comprised of two intrinsic modes: one is the mode of awareness and the other is that of expression. Second, qualitative researchers are able to reach to the higher level of validity by considering not only the subjectivity and the originality but also the sociality in drawing a conclusion through qualitative perception. Third, the trend of previous validity discourses can be firmly summarized as the effort to overcome the effect of quantitative research and acquire the true identity for qualitative research, which is subjectivity, and as the quest to compromise the tension between subjectivity and sociality. Finally, based on the findings, several research topics are suggested. For example, the more attention should be paid to the area of the expression of qualitative awareness as a way of overcome the tension between subjectivity and publicness.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.44
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• pp.144-179
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• 2008

This paper explores the formation of global responsibility discourses in the elite US media used in promoting NATO's military interventions in the post-Cold War era. The case study of global responsibility discourses surrounding the Bosnian War (1992-1995) and the Kosovo Conflict (1998-1999) offers an account of the roles of the elite US media in foreign policy. The construction and articulation of global responsibility discourses in the elite US media were closely related to the US government's policy and were formed within the framework of US national interest and domestic responsibility. The cases of military intervention in the post-Cold War period imply that there were more fundamental structure and patterns by which the elite US media approached the 'humanitarian crises': 'benevolent domination' and the subsequent construction of a 'melodramatic national identity' in the war narratives. Presuming that the elite US media's discourse is a primary site for the public for experiencing and understanding distant suffering, this paper concludes that global responsibility discourses within the media may have dangerous ramifications for global democracy because the discourse of responsibility can potentially absorb the creative, progressive energies created by the public's awareness of responsibility on a global scale in order to reinforce the relations of domination.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.815-835
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• 2010

This study aimed at understanding the characteristics of interactive discourses between docents and visitors in natural history museums. Two docents participated in this study. One worked in Seodaemoon Natural History Museum and the other in Gwacheon National Science Museum. To analyze the characteristics of interactive discourses, especially understanding the mediation of visitors' learning, Pedagogic Discourse Analysis method was adopted. The results show two contrasting types of interactive discourses, Encouraging Visitors' Meaningful Participation (EVMP) and Encouraging Visitors' Simple Participation (EVSP). In the EVMP discourse, structural cohesion is strong in thematic flow and information flow. Docent and visitors share the role of information provider and "Themes" are developed through the interactions between the docent and the visitors. On the contrary, in the EVSP discourse, structural cohesions are weak. Even though the visitors participate in the discourse, their discourse scarcely contribute to develop "Themes" in the discourse. Most of the information is developed and expanded by the docent. These results helped us to suggest that docents have to understand and use visitors' prior knowledge as a discourse "Theme." It is also suggested that docents need to have not only the competent content knowledge about exhibitions but also the capability to lead discourses that allow the visitors to participate meaningfully during the education processes.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.123-152
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• 2011

The long standing people's culture of Latin America based on social solidarity of the communities makes the political relations between the leader and the people very different from them of the european societies based on the representative democracy. At any rate, the main stream of the Populist Discourses sees the real populist political processes with the pejorative senses attributing the demagogue style of the leaders. In these sense, it is very important to re-consider the populism discourses of Ernesto Laclau who thinks that the populism is a way of interpreting the emergence of the people to establish the social demands in the context of populist real politics. According to Laclau, "the populism seeks for the radical reconfiguration of the revolt of the 'Status Quo' and new order". This work will confirm if this interpretation of Laclau can be applied to Peronist political regime. Meanwhile the first group of the orthodox line of the discourses on populism including Gino Germani shows that the populism is a political movement based on the manipulation and demagogue by the charismatic leader of the irrational mass during the period in transition after the crises of the traditional oligarchy in Latin America. And another line of the main stream of discourses on populism including Cardoso and O'Donnell says that the populism is a political phenomena in a period of transition towards the modernization and the national development by means of the industrialization through the substitution of the imports and the alliance between the classes after the 1930's. But these principal interpretations on populism disregards that in Argentina many urban poor working class people had lived under the racist, unequal painful social relations due to the underestimation and the discrimination by the upper and the middle class with many intellectuals. But Peronism had considered them as the new social subjects with human dignities. And so we have to rethink the clientelism also with another meanings. In this sense, the theories of Ernesto Laclau on populism is very helpful to illuminate the sensitive and ambiguous meanings of Peronism. Especially Peronism makes the urban working class maintain their life styles more tended to them of the traditional communities and go towards the anti-Status Quo. That is a key of success of Peronism not only that time but until these days. And so this study will show that it is the most important thing that Peronist regime had made the emergence of the 'people' in the meaning of advancing the democracy in Argentina.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.450-462
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• 2012

Gestures are a common phenomenon of human communication. There exists little research concerned with the gestures in science education, and most researches of gestures have focused on individual gestures. However, learning occurs through sociocultural interactions with friends, family, teachers, and others in society. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate and identify the types and features of gestures which were made by elementary students to communicate with peers in science discourse. A group of six fourth-graders was observed in eight science discourses where they talked about ideas related to thermal concepts. The data was collected through interviews and questionnaires. The analysis of the data showed that students' gestures in science discourses could be classified into seven types: signal iconic gesture, illustrative iconic gesture, personal deictic gesture, object deictic gesture, beat gesture, emotional metaphoric gesture, and content metaphoric gesture. It was also found that these gestures had functions of repeating, supplementing, and replacing utterance to communicate with others. Students frequently expressed scientific terms metaphorically as everyday terms through their gestures. Gestures were shared, imitated, and transferred in the communication process, and students' gestures also made influence on other students' ideas through these processes.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.299-324
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• 2012

After social service voucher schemes were introduced in Korea, many controversies have been concentrated on market-based approach, which encourage competition and choice while amount of funding, number of providers, and types of services have been rapidly expanded. This also could mean that transform of social service paradigm from provider-centered approach to user-cantered approach, one of the trends found internationally. Therefore, this is the study to reveal development of social service discourses in Britain where various models of social services have been attempted in their modern history. Then, through the historical analysis, the trends toward more user-cantered approach were found to be distinguished based on the division of individualism and collectivism. This could provide theocratical implication to the current discussion on social services in Korea.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.10 no.2 s.26
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• pp.85-99
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• 2001

Jong Soung Kim is a rare architect in Korea who has consistently done research on the idea of the architectural technology for a long time. Therefore in order to understand Kimm's architecture, it is essential to examine his idea on the technology, which reveals the complicated relationship between divers architectural discourses. It is concerned with tectonics which was the most important theoretical movements in German architecture from the nineteenth century, the Mies van der Rohe's idea of the technology which provided the most powerful basis of modern architecture, Miesians' technological discourses which was at the height of prosperity in seventies in America, and High-tech architecture in eighties. Kimm's idea on the technology is defined as follow; 1) Kimm believe that although architecture begins in construction and materiality, it must culminate in artistic form. It's legacy of German tectonics. 2) He accepts Mies' three ideas on the technology. 'Architecture is the spatially apprehended will of the epoch.' 'Technology reveals the true nature of the will of the epoch.' 'We can attain a new beauty with the help of a new technology' 3) He takes a double attitude toward the idea on the technology of Mies followers. He accepts their architectural achievement according to technological progress, but criticize their technology-oriented attitude, deprived of spiritual enrichment. 4) Kimm's idea on the technology is distinguished from that of High-tech architect. The principal criteria exist in their different attitude toward the anonymity and the ethics of technology.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.503-514
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• 2016

The starting point of this study is an examination of the vital role of terrestrial broadcasting in Korean society, where ethnic minorities have increasingly become visible. Korean terrestrial broadcasters' mandate emphasises the broadcaster's responsibility to represent and reflect the range of public opinion and experiences beyond class, age, ethnicity and ideological orientation. The main purpose of this study is to visually examine the means through which terrestrial broadcasting generates discourses of We-ness and Otherness at times of change in the Korean society. The study focuses on prime-time broadcasting news programmes' visual representations of migrants and ethnic minorities.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.56-69
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• 2007

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the discourses and the patterns of problem solving behaviors among the nurse managers. The focus of the study was the difficult situations in caring with patients and their families. Methods: Field study was performed at a for-profit hospital from March, 2004 to March, 2007. The participants of the study were 5 head nurses and 2 nurses in charge. The data were collected with iterative interviews and participant-observations. For the analysis of the data, taxonomy and critical discourse analyzing were applied. Results: The nurse mangers who showed wholistic patterns of behavior took the role of a broker among the client system, professional nursing system, medical system, and other allied health system. The nurse managers whose approach was profession-centered took the role of protector of nursing system. The nurse manager who practiced nurse-oriented pattern of behavior tried not to have harm against other members of health system. The experiences of nurse managers were effected from the discourses of patriarchal and market mechanism. Conclusion: The situation that provoke conflict between clients and nurses become more common with the changes to the health care system and to society. Nurse managers take the role of these conflict problems. The successful solving of conflict in a nursing care setting promotes the quality of care and satisfaction of clients. Programs for enhancing nurse's problem solving competency should anchored be in their practices.