• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.18 no.1_2
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• pp.487-495
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• 2005

The main goal of this paper is to prove the digital homotopy lifting theorem with relation to a radius n local homeomorphism.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.515-518
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• 2000

디지털 워터마킹(Digital Watermarking)은 디지털 미디어 창작물에 대해 불법적인 사용과 인위적인 조작으로부터 소유권과 저작권을 보호하기 위하여 입증 가능한 정보(워터마크)를 사람이 인지하지 못하도록 삽입하는 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 JPEG 2000에서 지원하는 Daubechies 9/7 필터를 이용한 lifting 기반의 DWT(Discrete Wavelet Transform) 중간에 임의의 파라메터를 추가한 lifting 단계를 구성하여 이 부분에 워터마크를 삽입한 후, 다양한 신호처리 왜곡을 가하여 제안한 방법의 성능을 평가하였다. 실험은 8-bit 512×512크기의 영상을 사용하였으며, 무작위로 발생시킨 1과-1을 워터마크 신호로 하여 DWT 시 추가한 lifting 단계에서의 임의의 파라메터 값과 워터마크를 삽입할 각 웨이블릿 변환의 해상도 레벨을 조절해 가면서 선택한 웨이블릿 계수값에 무작위로 발생시킨 워터마크 신호를 삽입하였다. 실험 결과 영상의 일반적인 변형(압축, 필터링 등)에 대해서 제안한 방법의 워터마킹 기법의 성능이 전반적으로 강인함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.9-25
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• 1983

The purpose of this study was to film up computerized analyses for both kinematic posture(film analysis) and muscle dynamics (EMG) during a weight-lifting motion. (Snatch, Clean and Jerk) Using a motor drive camera (3.5 frames/sec) and a Location Analyzer, motion tracks of 13 landmarks, which were attached to the major joints, during the motion were converted into digital values. At the same time, EMG amplitudes from 11 major muscle groups were recorded. Recorded data were processed via analog/hybrid computer (ADAC 480) and digital computer (PDP 11/44). Landmark locations and EMG amplitude were integrated by a computerized routine. Computer output included graphic reproductions on sepuential dislocations of body segments, center of gravity of body segments and the associated changes on EMG amplitude such as % EMG's of major muscle group during a weight lifting motion. The results strongly suggest that the computerized motion-EMG integration can provide a further working knowledge in selection and in training of workers and athletes. Suggestions for a further study include additional device for velocity measurement, expansion of the link model for biomechanical analysis and other implementations necessary for athletic application.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.282-285
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• 2000

Three representations are known to implement the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) ; i.e., direct, lifting and matrix forms. In these representations, direct and lifting forms are well known so far. This paper derives the matrix form of the DWT from the direct form. Then, we implement these three representations on a programmable digital signal processor (in the following, DSP processor) and compare them in terms of the number of calculations and instruction cycles. As a result, we confirm that the lifting form has the lowest number of calculations and cycles, and the matrix form has an effective decrease in the number of cycles than other representations on the DSP processor.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2019

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of leg lift difference on the serratus anterior muscle and the upper trapezius muscle when a subject with winged scapula performs a scapula protraction exercise in a four-leg crawling posture. Method: Twenty normal adults and 20 subjects with winged scapula participated in the experiment. Surface EMG recordings were collected from serratus anterior muscle and back trapezius muscle during scapula protraction exercises. Scapular winging is measured with the lifting distance of scapula retraction to the back using an electronic digital caliper. In two groups of four-leg crawling posture, the two legs support, the dominant leg lifting, and the non-dominant leg lifting, including the scapula protraction, were performed. To examine the difference between groups in the variance analysis, the Bonferroni correction was used (significance level ${\alpha}=.017$). Statistical significance level ${\alpha}$ was .05. Results: There was a significant difference in serratus anterior muscle and upper trapezius muscle during push-up plus exercise in leg lifting in four-leg crawling posture, but there were no significant differences in muscle activity between serratus anterior muscle and upper trapezius muscle, and there was no significant difference according to the presence or absence of scapular winging. Conclusion: For the shoulder stability of the ipsilateral side with the serratus anterior muscle, the leg-lifting posture is effective in the four-leg crawling, and also when a subject with winged scapula chooses an exercise, lifting the ipsilateral side of leg with scapula protraction exercises at the same time may have a positive effect on scapula dysfunction.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.495-503
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• 2000

In this paper we propose a design procedure of loop-shaping two-degree-of-freedom H$\infty$ digital controller for sampled-data system. We extend the continuous time loop-shaping two-degree-of-freedom H$\infty$ control problem to sampled-data system. The configuration of generalized plant is modified for sampled-data system. And then using continuous lifting we obtain the digital controller. In the final stage of loop-shaping procedure the problem of absorbing weighting functions is discussed. We summarize this study to the design procedure and illustrate the application for an inverted pendulum on the cart.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.3C
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• pp.297-305
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• 2007

In the paper, a Motion JPEG2000 coder which has been set as the standard for image compression by the Digital Cinema Initiatives (DCI), an organization composed of major movie studios was implemented into a target FPGA. The DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) based on lifting and the Tier 1 of EBCOT (Embedded Block Coding with Optimized Truncation) which are major functional modules of the JPEG2000 were setup with dedicated hardware. The Tier 2 process was implemented in software. For digital cinema the tile-size was set to support $1024\times1024$ pixels. To ensure the real-time operations, three entropy encoders were used. When Verilog-HDL was used for hardware, resources of 32,470 LEs in Altera's Stratix EP1S80 were used, and the hardware worked stably at the frequency of 150Mhz.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.471-476
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• 1993

In this paper we proposed the digital implementation of an $H^{\infty}$-optimal controller using lifting technique and $H^{\infty}$-control theory. The discrete controller is obtained through iterative adjustment of sampling time and weighting function, which can ber performed by computing the L$_{2}$-induced input to output norm of the sampled-data system with bandlimited exogenous input. The resulting sampled-data bandlimited exogenous input. The resulting sampled-data system is stable and the performance including inter-sampling behaviour of the hybrid system can be also optimized.d.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 2001

In this paper, we propose a DWT (discrete Wavelet Transform) based watermarking method, which can be conveniently Integrated In the up-coming JPEG2770 baseline system. Although Conventional DWT based watermarking techniques insert watermark signal Into wavelet coefficients after the transform, our proposed method embeds a watermark into wavelet coefficients obtained from the ongoing process of lifting for DWT. The proposed method allows us to selectively determine frequency characteristics of the coefficients where the watermark is embedded. so that the Inserted watermark cannot be removed or altered even when the filter-bank for DWT is known. Through the simulation, we show that the proposed method is more secure and more robust against various attacks than conventional DWT barred watermarking techniques.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

In this paper, proposed digital image watermarking technique with lifting wavelet transformation. This watermark technique can be easily extended in video content fields. Therefore, we apply this watermark technique to layered depth image structure that is efficient compression method of multi-view video with depth images. This application steps are very simple, because watermark is inserted only reference image. And watermarks of the other view images borrow from reference image. Each view image of multi-view video may be guaranteed authentication and copyright.