• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to exmine the effects of reminiscence therapy on deprssion of the elderly residing at home. The subjects were sampled from the members of senior citizens' centres located in Kwangju City. Total number was 73, 38 for the control group and 35 for the experimental group. The study was carried out after a non-equivalent pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from 23 Jun. to 11 Nov. 1993. Reminiscence therapy was applied only to the experimental group. once a week for 6 weeks. Depression level was measured by the questionnaire before and after treatment given. The results were as follows: 1. Religion and family-attachment among socioeconomic charactiristics were significantly different with the level of depression. 2. Religion and pocket - money provider among socioeconomic charactiristics were significantly different with the level of life-satisfaction. 3. The relationship between depression and life -satisfaction was a significant negative correlation(r=-0.777, P=0.000). 4. The depression level of the experimental group was significantly decreased after the treatment as contrasted with that of control group(P=0.004). On the basis of this study it can be concluded that reminiscence therapy reduces depression level.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.211-220
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• 1992

Both hydrolysed guar gum and polydextrose have been used as a major fiber source in preparations of unctional drink products and other food products. In this study we determined the effects of these fibers on lipid metabolism of normal rats with two different dietary fat levels by using cellulose as the control. Serum total lipid triglyceride total cholesterol and HDL-colesterol were determined with proper enzymatic methods. Feed intake weight gain and feed efficiency ratio were also calcula-ted. Polydextrose-fed group showed lower serum triglyceride level than hydrolysed guar gum-fed group regardless of fat level used in this study without changing total lipid level in the serum. We also observed that polydextrose-fed group showed low serum cholesterol level nummerically high serum HDL-cholestrol level and more excretion of fecal neutral sterols when compare with those values of hydrolysed guar gum-fed group. The results indicate that polydextrose might have more beneficial roles in lipid metabolism when compare with hydrolysed guar gum.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-22
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• 1989

The effect of different levels of Zn (0, 30, 300ppm) and protein(7, 20, 40%) in the diet upon lipid metabolism was investigated in Sprague-Dawley male rats weighting 180.54$\pm$29.08g(n=450 fed one of nine diets in a 3$\times$3 factorial design for 5 weeks. The reults obtained were summarized as following. 1) Total lipid contents in serum and liver were tended to be lower in LZn group than CZn and Hzn groups. Those of LP group were higher than CP and HP groups. 2) HDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol contents in serum were significantly affected by dietary Zinc level and were increased as dietary Zinc level increase. 3) Total cholesterol in liver and muscle were tended to be decrease as dietary Zinc level increase. Those in LP group were higher than CP and HP groups. 4) Zinc contents in plasma, liver, muscle and testis were tended to be lower in LZn group than CZn and HZn groups. 5) Protein contents in plasma and liver lower in LZn group than CZn and HZn groups when dietary protein level was 7% and 20%. Those in LP group were lower than those in CP and HP groups. 6) Cu contents in plasma, liver, muscle and testis were tended to be decreased as dietary Zinc level increase.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2021

This study aims to revisit the issues and misconceptions about financial inclusion (FI) indices. For indices construction, this study uses two approaches: one approach following the methodology of Sarma (2008) which is based on UNDP methodology, while the other is the Dynamic Factor Model (DFM)-based index of Stock and Watson (2002) and Rehman et al. (2021). The data of 18 economies of Asia from 1997 till 2017 is used for indices construction and analysis. The authors constructed macro and micro-level financial inclusion indices based on the different types of financial inclusion indicators. Second, the authors have critically evaluated two different approaches, and the results show that Sarma (2008)-based index show financial inclusion's level, while DFM-based index reveal fluctuation in the current year's financial inclusion level due to the prior variations. For measuring the level of financial inclusion, the Sarma (2008) index is effective, while for forecasting the level of financial inclusion, the DFM approach is more appropriate. Furthermore, the micro and macro aspects of financial inclusion should be reflected in separate indices for better understanding and in-depth insights.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.41-55
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• 2021

Purpose - This paper empirically investigates the relationship between the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) and the level of development. Moreover, this research attempts to discover the determinants of ECI in the globalization wave. Design/methodology - Our empirical model considers the relationship between ECI and the level of development in middle- and high-income economies from 1995 to 2010 by using systemic qualitative analysis, including OLS, fixed-effects, and system GMM. Next, this research used OLS regression to find the determinants of ECI. In particular, we compared the effects of different factors on ECI in the different development stages. Findings - Our main findings can be summarized as follows: 1. If the ECI increases by 1, it could lead to an increase of about 30% in the level of development in middle- and high-income economies. 2. Human capital plays an important role in the development of and increase in ECI. 3. GVC participation and outflow FDI enhance an increase in ECI, in particular in middle-income economies. 4. The development of manufacturing industries is helpful to increase ECI; however, middle-income economies should pay more attention to their comparative advantage industries. 5. R&D has positive effects on the ECI. Originality/value - To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that uses systemic qualitative analysis to investigate the relationship between ECI and the level of development. The paper provides suggestions for policy makers to increase ECI under the current wave of globalization, in particular in middle-income economies.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify relationships among Yangsaeng, activities of daily living (ADL), and physical activity in the elderly in Korea. Methods: A total of 257 subjects (ranged 60-88 yr of age) was recruited through convenient sampling. Data were collected with a self-reported questionnaire from March 2 through 25, 2009. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS/PC WIN 15.0. Results: The level of Yangsaeng was significantly different according to the level of health recognition (p<.05). The level of ADL was differed significantly according to age, successful aging, cohabitation, and health recognition. Physical activity was also significantly different according to age, educational level, cohabitation, (r=.385; p<.05) and health cognition (p<.05). The level of Yangsaeng was significantly correlated with ADL (r=.448) and physical activity (r=.385; p<.05). Conclusions: These findings help in understanding the health status of community-dwelling elders and suggest that promoting the Yangsaeng can be an effective intervention as a health promotion program for the elderly in Korea.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2024

Using an internal flow noise test bench, this study investigates the variation in internal flow noise at the inlet and outlet monitoring points of a DN100 T-junction pipe under different flow velocities. Results indicate that with increasing flow velocity, both the sound pressure level and total sound pressure level at the inlet and outlet monitoring points increase. The highest total sound pressure level is observed at the vertical outlet monitoring point B, followed by the horizontal inlet monitoring point A, with the lowest at the horizontal outlet monitoring point C. At a constant flow velocity, the sound pressure level at the inlet and outlet points initially increases and then decreases as frequency increases.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1979

맥주(麥酒) 공장폐수(工場廢水) 활성오니(活性汚泥)의 사료적(館料的) 가치(價値)를 구명(究明)하기 위하여 병아리 사료(飼料)에 활성오니(活性汚泥)를 3% 간격으로 12%까지 첨가(添加)하여 본시험(本試驗)을 실시(實施)하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1 성분분석(成分分析) 시험(試驗) (1) 활성오니(活性汚泥)의 조단백질(粗蛋白質) 함량(含量)은 42,50%였고 조회분(粗灰分)은 15.69%였으며 ME 함량(含量)은 kg당(當) 2060 kcal였다. (2) 활성오니(活性汚泥)의 총(總)아미노산 함량(含量)은 42.24%로서 조단백질함량(粗蛋白質含量)의 99%가 순(純)아미노산(酸) 이었고 특(特)히 methionine과 threonine이 많이 들어 있었다. (3) 활성오니(活性汚泥)의 무기물함량(無機物含量)은 P,Mg, Cu, Fe등(等)은 충분(充分)하나 Ca는 상당히 부족했다. 2. 포양(飽養) 시험(試驗) (1) 병아리의 성장(成長)은 활성오니(活性汚泥)의 첨가수준(添加水準)이 증가할 수록 감소되는 경향이었으나 각처리간(各處理間)에 통계적(統計的)인 유의성(有意性)은 없었다. (2) 사료섭취량(飼料攝取量)은 활성오니(活性汚泥)의 첨가수준(添加水準)이 증가할 수록 매우(p<0.05) 증가했다. (3) 사료요구율(飼料要求率)은 활성오니(活性汚泥)의 첨가수준(添加水準)이 증가할 수록 증가했으나 각처리간(各處理間)에 통계적(統計的)인 유의성(有意性)은 없었다. 3. 대사시험(代謝試驗) (1) 고형물(圖形物) 이용률(利用率)은 활성오니(活性汚泥)의 첨가수준(添加水準)이 증가할수록 감소되는 경향이었으나 각처리간(各處理間)에 통계적(統計的)인 유의성(有意性)은 없었다. (2) 조단백질(粗蛋白質) 이용률(利用率)은 활성오니(活性汚泥)의 첨가수준(添加水準)이 증가 할 수록 매우 (p<0.01) 감소되어 대조구 및 3%구(區)가 6, 9. 12%구(區)에 비하여 조단백질이용률(粗蛋白質利用率)이 높았다. (3) 조회분(粗灰分) 이용률(利用率)은 활성오니(活性汚泥)의 첨가수준(添加水準)이 증가할수록 매우 (p<0.05) 감소되었다. (4) NFE 이용률(利用率)은 활성오니(活性汚泥)의 첨가수준(添加水準)이 증가할수록 약간 감소되는 경향이었으나 각(各) 처리구간(處理區間)에 통계적(統計約)인 유의성(有意性)은 없었다. 따라서 본시험(本試驗)에 의하면 맥주공장폐수(麥酒工場廢水) 활성오니(活性汚泥)를 병아리 사료(飼料)에 $6{\sim}9%$정도 첨가(添加)할 수 있을 것 같다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.159-169
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• 1997

This research has been produced by asking 274 department of health students and 232 students majoring industrial department from 27. Aug. 1997 to 05. Sep. 1997 and the results are as follows. 1. Satisfaction level on the contents was good, as you see the department of health part's level was 3.22 and the industrial part's level 3.14. 2. Satisfaction level on the practice circumstances was of low, department of health part's level was 3.25 and the industrial part's level was 2.82. 3. Satisfaction level on the length of practice time was as follows: Department of health part's level was 3. 25 and the industrial part's level was 3.08. 4. Satisfaction level on the teaching skill during practice was totally different each other: Department of health part's level was 2.10 and the industrial part's level was 2.76. 5. Satisfaction level on the evaluation and personal relationship was as below. Evaluation-department of health part's level was 2. 57 and the industrial part's level was 3.17. Personal Relationship-department of health part's level was 2.60 and the industrial part's level was 3.15. 6. Total satisfaction level was as follow: department of health part's level was 2.74 and the industrial part's level was 3.04. The satisfaction level for the student of industrial part was higher them that of health part.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.111-115
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• 2009

As shown in the accident analysis from 2007, it has been found that causes of accidents on large-scale projects are different from those found in general construction projects. A 300-question survey regarding systematic and practical aspects of safety problems at construction sites was distributed to ten (10) different companies. Participants were to respond subjectively, so that the results could be used to assemble the first formal questionnaire survey. They were collected and compiled by an advisory committee for this study. The resulting surveys were then sent to the division chiefs of the top 100 construction companies in Korea, in order to improve the response rate. The Department of Safety & Health Direction, and the :Ministry of Labor, ROK sent the same sheets to medium and small construction companies that placed within 101-200th of all Korea construction companies. The above safety engineers were classified into four (4) levels, from 1st to 4th, followed by the project dollar amount and risk level. Formulae were developed to assign safety engineers to construction sites by engineer level, the project dollar amount, and the project risk level. Conclusions are summarized as follows: 1) Reviewing the assignment system of experienced safety engineers to large scaled projects - The more experienced the engineers assigned to a project, the higher the level of accident prevention. 2) Enforcing the assignment of advanced level safety engineers to large-scaled sites - At least one advanced-level safety engineer should be assigned to construction sites with projects valued at $15million USD (15,000,000,000). 3) For assigning safety engineers by risk level - Twenty models have been developed to calculate the number of safety engineers to be assigned by risk level. In the future, risk level for each job should be established by the government (as is now the practice in Germany).