• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5691-5696
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• 2014

Background: Many clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate sorafenib for the treatment of advanced NSCLC, but the results for efficacy have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients with advanced NSCLC in more detail by meta-analysis. Methods: This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed after searching PubMed, EMBASE, ASCO Abstracts, ESMO Abstracts, and the proceedings of major conferences for relevant clinical trials. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the trials. Outcomes analysis were disease control rate (DCR), progression- free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and major toxicity. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to sorafenib monotherapy, in combination with chemotherapy or EGFR-TKI to investigate the preferred therapy strategy. Results: Results reported from 6 RCTs involving 2, 748 patients were included in the analysis. Compared to sorafenib-free group, SBT was not associated with higher DCR (RR 1.31 (0.96- 1.79), p=0.09), PFS (HR 0.82 (0.66-1.02), p=0.07) and OS (HR 1.01 (0.92-1.12), p=0.77). In terms of subgroup results, sorafenib monotherapy was associated with significant superior DCR and longer PFS, but failed to show advantage with regard to OS. Grade 3 or greater sorafenib-related adverse events included fatigue, hypertension, diarrhea, oral mucositis, rash and HFSR. Conclusions: SBT was revealed to yield no improvement in DCR, PFS and OS. However, sorafenib as monotherapy showed some activity in NSCLC. Further evaluation may be considered in subsets of patients who may benefit from this treatment. Sorafenib combined inhibition therapy should be limited unless the choice of platinum-doublet regimen, administration sequence or identification of predictive biomarkers are considered to receive better anti-tumor activity and prevention of resistance mechanisms.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.135-149
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the applications of 47 prescriptions containing Ginseng Radix and Aconiti Lateralis Preparata Radix in Dongeuibogam. Methods : 47 prescriptions containing Ginseng Radix and Aconiti Lateralis Preparata Radix which have been used separately or concurrently in Oriental Medicine for a long time as a treatment for various disease in Dongeuibogam were studied through order of frequency, symptoms, dosages, etc. Results : 1. 17.02 % prescriptions are used in cold chapter with the 8 frequency, 14.89% in fatigue chapter with the 7 frequency, 10.64% in stool and wind chapter each with the 5 frequency, and 6.38% in children chapter with the 3 frequency. 2. Cold-diarrhea, Yang deficiency treating herbs, General fatigue treating herbs are most used chapters and articulation pain, severe cold, convulsion chapters are following frequency among 38 symptoms in prescriptions including Ginseng Radix and Aconiti Iateralis Preparata Radix. 3. In the prescriptons which has used more Ginseng Radix than Aconiti Lateralis Preparata Radix, the dosage ratio between Ginseng Radix and Aconiti Lateralis Preparata is ranged from 2.5 puns:1.5 puns ~ 1 jeon:7 puns. Among the range, 1 jeon:5 puns is recorded 2 times(33.33%), the rests are 1 time(16.67%). 4. In the prescriptons which has used same amount Ginseng Radix and Aconiti Lateralis Preparata Radix, the dosage ratio Ginseng Radix and Aconiti Lateralis Preparata is ranged from 2 puns ~ 1 nyangs each. Among the range, 1 jeon is recorded 12 times(41.38%), 1.25 jeon and 5 jeons are 3 times(10.34%) each, 0.5 jeon, 0.7 jeons and 3 jeons each are recorded 2 times (6.90%), the rests are 1 time(3.45%). 5. In the prescriptons which has used less Ginseng Radix than Aconiti Lateralis Preparata Radix, the dosage ratio between Ginseng Radix and Aconiti Lateralis Preparata is ranged from 3 puns:1 jeon ~ 1 nyang:3 nyangs. Among the range, 5 jeons:1 nyang is recorded 2 times(25.00%), the rests are 1 time(12.50%). 6. 5 jeons:1 piece are used 2 times(50.00%), the rests are 1 time(25.00%) each used among 3 prescriptions including Ginseng Radix and Aconiti Lateralis Preparata Radix. Conclusions : The 47 prescriptions including Ginseng Radix and Aconiti Iateralis Preparata Radix in Dongeuibogam are mainly composed of Samboo-tang, Sayeok-tang, Eejoong-tang, Samool-tang, Sagoonja-tang and Gobangpoong-tang, Bowon-tang, etc.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.569-576
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• 1997

Fowl typhoid(FT) caused by Salmonella gallinarum is an infectious, egg-transmitted disease and characterized by swollen bronze liver, greenish-yellow diarrhea and high mortality in growing and adult chickens. Since 1992 the outbreak of FT has been increased. Several problems have been occurred such as absence of appropriate vaccines and lack of useful therapeutic methods. In these studies we investigated the pathogenicity of S gallinarum isolated in chickens. To compare the pathogenicity among the species of chickens, all chickens were challenged intramuscularly or orally with $1{\times}10^7$ CFU of S gallinarum. The brown-colored layers were more susceptible and white leghone chickens were more resistant than other species. In the brown layer chickens orally challenged, lethal doses ($LD_{50}$) of the isolates were inoculated at 1 day, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks old chickens with amount of $10^{4.2}$, $10^{4.7}$, $10^{7.0}$ and $10^{7.6}$ CFU, respectively. The chickens which were intramuscularly challenged with the less amount than $10^2$ CFU showed higher mortality than that of the chickens orally inoculated with same dose. Also, we investigated the recovery rates of bacteria from various organs of survival chickens which were challenged orally with $5{\times}l0^7$ CFU of S gallinarum. The bacteria was more frequently and isolated earlier from the liver and spleen than from any other ogans. In the pathogenicity test, the white-leghorn chickens which were known as resistant-strain against Salmonella were artificially immunosuppressed using bursectomy and/or dexamethasone treatment. Mortality of chickens with both bursectomized and treated with dexamethasone was higher(90%) than that of the control group(10%), the bursectomized chickens(10%) and the dexamethasone only treated group(20%). It was suggested that the protective mechanism in chickens against S gallinarum may be required both the functions of B-cells and T-cells.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.390-400
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• 2010

This study is aimed to test physiological and hematological actions of Rheum palmatum through clinical pilot study optimized for usual oriental medicine prescription. Thirty-one cases were finally collected and the sample extract 100 $m{\ell}$ of Rheum palmatum (ERP) was administered two times in a day during 3 days and checked with blood CBC test, urinalysis, liver function test, abdominal X-ray as well as general diagnostic process of oriental medicine; pattern identification, assessment of shapes and constitution. The total toxic effective rate of ERP was 9.68% in 3 cases of the whole in case of consistent uneasy state in the subjective symptomatic assessment and aggravation of blood and urine examination. The relevant diagnostic factors were so-eum constitution and essence type subject, carapaces species, lung type in the aspect of Jisan shape theory. On the other hand, the positive effective rate of ERP was 29.03% manifesting improvement of vital signs or present illness and no abnormal changes of blood chemistry and urinalysis and simple abdomen radiology. The relevant diagnostic factors were tae-eum constitution, energy type subject, aves species, heart and liver type in Jisan's shape theory. And the other cases were manifesting no specific change through the administration of ERP. The ratio of the numbers of decrease and increase was 44:5 in the tenderness and hardness of abdominal palpation. But if the pattern identification doesn't comply with the aim of rhubarb application despite of constipation and abdominal pain, the tendeness and biochemical report was shown in abnormal change. The mean number of diarrhea by ERP was $16.77{\pm}6.95$ during 3 days after administration, and the frequent areas of abdominal pain were lower>middle>upper in order, and it meant the target site of ERP too. Besides, the toxic reaction against ERP was expressed highly in case of decrease in blood cell count and hemoglobin, hematocrit having blood deficiency syndrome. Likewise, the toxicity of ERP was influenced by pattern identification manifesting present disease condition and diagnostic factors of four constitutions, Jisan's shape theory collaterally. In conclusion, evaluation of herbal toxicity in order for using as a clinical guideline, various diagnostic pattern information and shape features like the above should be studied together with other pharmacologic toxicology test for the future.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2001

덤핑증후군은 소아에서 위식도역류의 치료로 위저추벽성형술을 시행하는 경우에 잘 발생하는 질환으로 당 부하 검사를 통하여 식사 직후에 나타나는 고혈당과 뒤이어 나타나는 저혈당을 보임으로써 진단될 수 있으며, 생 옥수수 전분을 포함한 식이 요법으로 효과적으로 치료될 수 있다. 저자들은 위저추벽성형술을 시행 받은 뒤에 덤핑증후군이 발생한 1례를 경험하였고, 본 질환이 소아에서 위저추벽성형술과 같은 위 수술 후에 수유장애가 있을 경우 반드시 의심해보아야 할 질환이라고 사료되어 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-82
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• 2001

In the Encyclopedia Medica Koreana(Dongeuibogam), I have researched 245 prescriptions in which Panax Ginseng plays an important role. And I have got the following results. The healing scope and frequency of ginseng-mainly-included prescriptions are Child Part 29(11.83%), Violent Cough Part 23(9.38%), Sick-by-Cold Part 21(8.57%), Oncosis Part 16(6.53%), Overwork Part 14(5.71%), Gynecologic Part 14(5.71%), Internal Part 13(5.3%), Apoplexy Part 11(4.48%), Mind Part 10(4.08%) and Fecal Part 10(4.08%) prescriptions. And also each of Nausea Part, Anger Part, and Spirit parts has the same 5 (2.04%) prescriptions. And each of Qi Part, Diabetes Meatus Part, Malaria Part, and Humoral Part has 4(1.63%) prescriptions. And each of Foot Part, Choleraic Part, Genital Part, Blood Part, and Voice Part has 3 (1.2%). All of these prescriptions cover 88.88%. And besides listed parts above, Panax Ginseng is all used in 48 Parts: Body-Mind Part. Mouth-Tongue Part, Breast Part, Muscle Part, Swelling Part, Urine Part, Epidermis Part, Heat Part, Anus Part, Stomach Part, Eye Part, Laryngopharynx Part. Uterus Part" Heavy Stomach Part, Head Part, Pulse Part, Hair Part, Navel Part, Emetic Part, Costal Part, Edema Part, Vomiting Part, Superstitious Part, and Cardiac Part, etc. Of the prescriptions in which Panax Ginseng plays an important role, the most representative diseases, which more than 86.8% prescriptions cure, are shock, numbness from cold, Taeeum disease, oncosis, overwork, sick from eating, numbness of extremities, diarrhea, tachycardia, forgetfulness, nausea, heat from kidney, nocturnal emission, short breath, diabetes meatus, malaria, sweating, sweating overnight, beriberi, cholera, insomnia from enervation, sialitis, navel pain, hemorrhage, and loss of voice. The pathology of the prescriptions in which Panax Ginseng plays an important role is divided into the organ problems, six natural factors, seven extreme feelings, unbalanced humoral status, overwork, and, unbalance of qi and blood. Spleen, heart, and uterus is the main cause of organ problems; wind and cold are the main cause of six natural factors; heavy humors are the main cause of unbalanced humoral status; the stasis of seven feelings are the main cause of seven extreme feelings; the lack of stamina and overwork are the main cause of the overwork; the lack of qi, the lack of blood, and, the lack of qi and blood are the main cause of the unbalance of qi and blood. After I have researched the contents of the prescriptions in which Panax Ginseng plays an important role, I could understand the addition of the different prescriptions, combination of medicines, and the role of medicine groups associated with Panax Ginseng. So from now on, the results I have got could be used as the data which show the theoretical basis on the prescriptions.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.56-72
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• 2002

Web sites on the internet are getting major resources to gain information related to child care. Though the numerous web sites deliver child care information, they have never been evaluated with criteria before. The purpose of this study is to identify existence and organization of child care portal sites and to analysis their contents, therefore to suggest guidelines for parents. The survey was conducted from Sep. 1. to Oct. 30., 2001. by means of Lycos Korea and Daum search engine and finally 45 portal sites related to child care were selected eliminating the commercial and personal homepages. The results were as follows: 1. Most of the sites(95.6%) were operated by corporations without registration(82.2%). Consultants were mostly professional (71.1%). 2. The contents were analyzed 4 categories including 19 themes. 3. Diet & Nutrition category include weaning food, breast feeding, bottle feeding and snack. The recipe and type of weaning food on months were topped(64.44%). 4. Infant Care category include bathing, sleeping, clothes, skin care and cord care. bathing method and heat of bathing water were topped(44.44%). 5. Growth & Development category was consisted of developmental characteristics, dental growth, play & exercise and learning & guidance. Developmental stage and motor development were topped (62.22%). 6. Health maintenance & promotion category was consisted of emergency care, prevention of accidents, vaccination, common pediatric disease and parental role. Care of diarrhea, constipation and fever, and precautions for vaccination were topped(48.89%).

• 한국균학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 1991

복령(茯笭)은 약 3500년전부터 한방에서 수종, 임질, 설사, 신경안정 등의 치료제로 사용되었으며 최근에는 항암효과가 밝혀짐에 따라서 그 수요가 증가하고 있으나, 국내에서는 복령의 인공재배방법이 개발되지 못하여 수요를 자연량에 의존하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 복령을 인위적으로 재배하기 위하여 국내에서 채집한 복령의 형태적 특성 및 분리균주의 배양학적 특성 특히 영양원과 균사생장과의 관계를 실험하였다. 1. 형태적 특성 : 야생복령의 형태는 구형 또는 고구마형이며, 외피는 흑색으로 주름이 있고 내부는 옅은 오랜지색이며 중심에 진한 오랜지색의 심이 있는 분말상태로 직경은 $10{\sim}30cm$, 개체 중량은 $300{\sim}600\;g$ 정도이다. 분리배양한 균주의 균사 폭은 $4{\sim}8\;{\mu}$ 정도이며 톱밥배지에서 형성된 자실체는 벌집모양과 비슷하며 구멍은 다각형으로 직경은 $0.5{\sim}1mm$, 깊이 $2{\sim}3mm$ 정도이다. 2. 배양학적 특성 : 복령의 생육에 적합한 탄소원으로서는 가용성전분, glucose 및 sucrose 등이며, galactose, lactose는 부적합하였고, 탄소원농도가 1.5%에서 2.5%로 증가해도 균사발육에는 거의 영향이 없었다. 질소원으로는 무기질소원보다 유기질소원이 생육에 양호하였고 유기질소 중에서도 yeast extract, malt extract가 가장 적합하였으며, 질소함량이 0.05%에서 0.1%로 증가함에 따라서 균사생육도 왕성하였다. 한편 탄소원과 질소원의 최적 농도비는 탄소원농도 $7.5{\sim}10%$, 질소원농도 $0.10{\sim}0.15%$ 즉 100배 영역이었다. 나무추출액배지에서의 복령균사 생육은 밤나무추출액배지에서 가장 양호하였으며 소나무수피추출액배지와 오리나무추출액배지에서 비슷한 균사생육을 보인 반면 참나무추출액배지에서는 균사발육이 매우 저조하였다. 한편 C/N율을 적용하여 탄소원과 질소원을 첨가하여 조제한 배지에서의 균사생육은 영양원 무처리 배지에 비하여 균사생육이 매우 우수하였다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2006

소장질환을 진단하는데 있어서 캡슐내시경의 유용성을 평가하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 2003년 8월부터 2006년 3월까지 영남대학병원에서 캡슐내시경을 시행한 66명(평균나이: 52.1세, 남/녀: 39/27)의 의무기록과 내시경 기록을 검토하였다. 상부 및 하부 위장관 내시경에서 이상이 발견되지 않아 소장질환을 확인하기 위한 목적으로 시행되었으며, 특히 소장출혈의 확인을 위해 시행한 경우가 47명(71.3%)으로 가장 많았다. 이 가운데 궤양 또는 미란이 22예(46.8%), 종양 5예(10.6%), 혈관이형성증 3예(6.4%), 용종 3예(6.4%), 협착이 동반된 궤양 1예(2.1%), 활동성 출혈 1예(2.1%), 정상 소견 12예(25.5%) 등이었다. 이들 가운데 출혈과 관련이 있을 것으로 생각되는 병소는 32예(68.1%)였다. 종양이 발견된 5명에서 수술을 하였는데 위장관간질종양이 4예, 림프관종 1예가 진단되었다. 비특이적 복부 증상으로 시행한 경우의 병변발견율은 42.9%(6/14)였는데, 증상과 관련있는 경우는 1예에 불과하였다. 캡슐내시경 검사로 인한 합병증은 발생하지 않았다. 결론적으로, 캡슐내시경은 소장질환에 대해 안전하고 비침습적인 검사법이며, 소장출혈에 대해 우수한 결과를 보였다. 그러나, 출혈 이외의 복부증상에 대해서는 더 연구가 필요하다.

• 대한소아신경학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.233-239
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• 2018

목적: 바이러스성 위장염은 유소아에서 흔한 질병이다. 바이러스성 위장염은 위장염과 연관된 양성 경련의 형태로서 경련을 일으킬 수 있다. 로타바이러스 백신 개발 후 노로바이러스는 소아에서 더욱 임상적으로 의미를 갖게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 바이러스 감염이 확진된 위장염과 연관된 소아 경련 환자에서, 특히 노로바이러스를 중심으로 후향적으로 임상양상을 분석해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 2014년 7월부터 2016년 6월까지 명지병원을 내원한 소아환자 중 경련 및 위장염으로 입원한 15세 미만의 소아 환자를 대상으로 의무 기록 조회를 통한 후향적 연구를 진행하였다. 결과: 경련 및 위장염으로 입원한 46명의 환자(남아 24명, 여아 22명)을 대상으로 연구하였다. 이 환자들 중 노로바이러스 21건(45.7%), 아데노바이러스 3건(6.5%), 로타바이러스 2건(4.3%), 아스트로바이러스 1건(2.2%)이 검출되었다. 노로바이러스 위장염군의 환자는 비-노로 바이러스성 위장염군에 비해 설사 발생률이 높았다(61.9% vs 28.0%, P<0.05). 노로바이러스 위장염과 연관된 양성 경련은 전신발작 형태를 보였다. 12명의 환자는 뇌전증 지속상태가 나타났으며, 그 중 5명 (23.8%)이 노로바이러스 위장염군에서, 7명 (33.0%)이 비-노로 바이러스 위장염군(P=0.837) 에서 발생하였다. 발작은 12명의 환자 중 8명(66.7%)에서 정맥으로 투여한 benzodiazepines에 의해 효과적으로 종결되었다. 12명의 환자 중 3명(25%)에서 fosphenytoin이나 levetiracetam과 같은 지속성 항 경련제가 필요하였다. 결론: 위장염과 연관된 양성 경련 환자는 원인이 노로바이러스 또는 비-노로바이러스임에 따라 임상양상이 크게 달라지지 않으나, 초기에 적극적인 항경련 치료를 필요로 하는 경우를 드물지 않게 확인할 수 있었다.