• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.597-600
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• 2001

Based on the potential cancer chemoprebentive activity of resveratrol, a trihydroxystilbene with the induction of quinone reductase activeity this study was designed to determine if stilbene-related compounds were inducers of phase ll detoxifying metabolic enzyme quinone reductase (QR) in the mouse hepatoma Hepa 1c1c7 cells. Among the thirteen compounds tested, several compounds including 3,4,5,3',5'-pentamethoxy-trans-stibene were found to potentially induce QR activity in this cell line. In addition, substitution with 3-thiofurane ring instead of phenyl ring in the stilbene skeleton also exhibited potential induction of QR activity. This result will give primary information to design the potential inducers of QR activity in the stilbene analogs.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.340-343
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• 2005

Induction of NAD(P)H:(quinone-acceptor) oxidoreductase (QR) which promotes obligatory two electron reduction of quinones and prevents their participation in oxidative cycling and thereby the depletion of intracellular glutathione, has been used as a marker for chemopreventive agents. Induction of phase II enzyme is considered to be an important mechanism of cancer prevention. In our previous study, we assessed the quinone reductase QR-inducing activities of 216 kinds of medicinal herb extracts in cultured murine hepatoma cells, BPRc1 and hepalc1c7 cells. Among the 216 herbal extracts tested in that study, extracts from Chrysanthemum zawadskii showed significant induction of QR. In this study, we examined QR-inducing activity of solvent fractions of the herbal extract. The dichloromethane fraction of the herb showed the highest QR induction among the samples fractionated with four kinds of solvents with different polarity. The fraction also significantly induced the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST), one of the major detoxifying enzymes, at $4{\mu}g/mL\;and\;2{\mu}g/mL$ in hepalc1c7 and BPRc1 cells, respectively. In conclusion, dichloromethane-soluble fraction of Chrysanthemum zawadskii which showed relatively strong induction of detoxifying enzymes merits further study to identify active components and evaluate their potential as cancer preventive agents.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제7권1_2호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1992

This study was performed to investigate the effect of Angelicae gigantis Radix extract oil the hepatic detoxifying enzyme activities and lipids. Male sprague-dawley rats were administrated the extracts with benzo(a)pyrene, a hepatotoxic agent, inducing liver damages. Results obtained from this study were as follows: 1. The markedly increased enzyme activities (AST, ALT, LDH, ALP, ${\gamma}$-GTP, GSH-Px) in B(a)P induced groups tended to be decreased by the treatment of the Angelicae gigantis Radix extract. 2. Liver GSH content and lipid peroxide activity were decreased by the administration of the extracts. 3. It tended that the curative effects were better than the protective effects of the extracts.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.914-919
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• 2006

We investigated the catechin content in green tea leaf (GTL) and green tea seed (GTS), the antiproliferative and detoxifying phase II enzyme-inducing activities of the methanolic (80%, v/v) extracts from GTL and GTS. GTL and GTS contained $8,685{\pm}1,061$ and $108{\pm}32\;{\mu}g/g$ epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), $11,486{\pm}506$ and $116{\pm}72\;{\mu}g/g$ epigallocatechin (EGC), $3,535{\pm}308$ and $821{\pm}95\;{\mu}g/g$ epicatechin gallate (ECG), and $1,429{\pm}177$ and $37{\pm}44\;{\mu}g/g$ epicatechin (EC), respectively. The methanolic extract of GTS showed a greater increase in quinone reductase activity and antiproliferation potential against mouse hepatoma cells than GTL extract did. GTS treatment resulted in the accumulation at sub-G1 phase of mouse hepatoma hepa1c1c7 cells as assessed by flow cytometry. Enhancement of phase II enzyme activity by GTS extract was shown to be mediated, directly or indirectly, via interaction with the antioxidant response element (ARE) sequence in the genes encoding the phase enzymes. As the catechin content in GTS was significantly lower than that in GTL, components other than catechins appear to be responsible for the anticarcinogenic activity of the seed. In summary, these results suggest that the 80% methanolic extract of GTS deserves further study to evaluate its potential as an anticarcinogenic agent and to investigate its mechanism of action.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.428-436
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• 2010

Sea-urchins (Anthocidaris crassispina) are widely distributed in the East Sea of Korea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of sea-urchin roe on bromobenzene (BB)-induced liver damage in rats. The antioxidative and detoxifying properties of sea-urchin roe in BB-poisoned rat liver was examined by chemical analysis of serum aminotransferase (AST, ALT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), $\gamma$-glutamylcystein synthetase, glutathione reductase, epoxide hydrolase, amino-N-demethylase (AD), aniline hydrolase (AH) enzyme activity, as well as lipid peroxide and glutathione contents. Sea-urchin roe inhibited the increase of serum AST, ALT enzyme activity. Increasing lipid peroxide contents and AD and AH activities were significantly decreased in ethanol extract of sea-urchin roe. GST, $\gamma$-glutamylcystein synthetase, glutathione reductase and epoxide hydrolase enzyme activities increased in sea-urchin roe-fed group, compared with the BB-treated group. These results suggest that sea-urchin roe facilitates recovery from liver damage by enhancing antioxidative defense mechanisms and hepatic detoxication metabolism.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1331-1338
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• 2010

This study was designed to investigate the potentially protective effects of Curcuma longa Linn. extract (CLE) on carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with 50 or 100mg/kg of CLE or 100mg/kg of butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT) for 14 days before $CCl_4$ administration. In addition, the CLE control group was pretreated with 100mg/kg CLE for only 14 days. Three hours after the final treatment, a single dose of $CCl_4$ (20mg/kg) was administrated intraperitoneally to each group. After the completion of this phase of the experiment, food and water were removed 12 h prior to the next step. The rats were then anesthetized by urethane and their blood and liver were collected. It was observed that the aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities of the serum, and the hepatic malondialdehyde levels had significantly decreased in the CLE group when compared with the $CCl_4$-treated group. The antioxidant activities, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, in addition to glutathione content, had increased considerably in the CLE group compared with the $CCl_4$-treated group. Phase II detoxifying enzymes, such as glutathione S-transferase, were found to have significantly increased in the CLE group as opposed to the $CCl_4$-treated group. The content of Nrf2 was determined by Western blot analysis. Pretreated CLE increased the level of nuclear translocated Nrf2, and the Nrf2 then increased the activity of the antioxidant and phase II detoxifying enzymes. These results indicate that CLE has protective effects against $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, via activities of antioxidant and phase II detoxifying enzymes, and through the activation of nuclear translocated Nrf2.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.249-257
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• 1990

In the course of operating the accommodative and detoxifying mechanism against cadmium, its physio-biochemical changes were observed in Klebsiella aerogenes ATCC 10031. Changes of enzyme activity concerned phosphate metabolism, changes of phospholipid composition and in view of energy metabolism the changes of the nucleotide pool were examined. Activities of both alkaline and acid phosphatase were derepressed 4-10 folds under cadmium added cultures. Moreover, production of phospholipid such as lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC), phosphatidyl serine (PS) and phosphatidyl ethanolamone (PE) was increased and uridylate nucleotide pool was increased under Cd-surplus culture. These results i.e. overproduction of phosphatase catalyzing phosphate residue, increase of the production of PE and PS which have a close affinity with cadmium, and indrease of uridylate nucleotide pool used as a carrier of polysaccharide synthesis like bacterial capsule exhibited cellular responses for active defence against Cd-pressure. It was postulated that these phenomena should play another assistant roles in Cd-detoxifing mechanism.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.188-197
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• 2001

Organophosphorus acid anhydrolases(OPAA) catalyzing the hydrolysis of toxic organophosphates have been found in a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Of the several kinds of OPAA that can degrade nerve agents, such as DFP, sarin and soman, a OPAA gene harbored in the chromosomal DNA of Alteromonas haloplanktis strain was subcloned in order to develope an enzymatic degradation method of toxic organophosphorus compounds. For this 1481 bp DNA fragment containing OPAA gene and its flanking regions has been synthesized through PCR using chromosomal DNA of A. haloplanktis strain. After subcloning and subsequent expression, crude OPA anhydrolase was prepared and assayed. It was shown that the OPAA had a very high hydrolytic activity on DFP. The specific activity of the enzyme was 1,110 $\mu$mole.$min^{p-1}.mg^{-1}$ protein. It seemed that OPAA with such a high hydrolytic activity may give a good prospects to its use, as a biodegradation tool, in detoxifying toxic organophosphorus compounds, such as pesticides and chemical stockpiles which are posing a potential threat to the field environment and human health.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.442-450
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 2-AAF injection time on hepatic lipid peroxide metabolism and cytochrome P450 content in Sprague-Dawley rats fed diets containing high amounts of vegetable oils or animal fats(15%, w/w). Fifty mg of 2-AAF/kg of body weight/day was injected in PEG 300 intraperitonially for 3 consecutive days after 4 or 8 weeks to rats fed corn oil(CO) or lard(LA) diet. The contents of lipid peroxide and cytochrome P450, and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-peroxidase) and glutathione S-transferase(GSH-S-transferase) were determined in hepatic microsomal or cytosolic fraction. Microsomal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) and cytochrome P450 contents increased in Co group injected 2-AAF after 4weeks. Cytosolic SOD activity increased in CO group injected 2-AAF after 4 weeks and in LA group injected 2-AAF after 4 or 8 weeks. Cytosolic GSH-S-transferase activity increased in LA group compared to CO group without 2-AAF injection. GSH-S-transferase activity increased in CO group injected 2-AAF after 4 or 8 weeks and in LA group injected 2-AAF after 4 weeks. Therefore, it may be suggested that 2-AAF injection increase the contents of lipid peroxide or cytochrome P450, and detoxifying enzyme activities in rats fed CO diet for short period and in rats fed LA diet for longer period.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.641-645
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• 2007

Delphinidin, an aglycone form of anthocyanins, was demonstrated to have anti-carcinogenic potential. The compound at $50\;{\mu}g/mL$ caused a significant increase of quinone reductase activity, an anti-carcinogenic marker enzyme, in mouse hepatoma cell lines (Hepa1c1c7 and BPRc1). Delphinidin enhanced the expression of other detoxifying or antioxidant enzymes including glutathione s-transferase, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, heme oxygenase 1, and glutathione reductase. It suppressed the proliferation of murine hepatoma cells in a dose-dependent manner, with approximately $IC_{50}$ of $70\;{\mu}g/mL$. These results suggest that delphinidin might be useful for cancer prevention.