• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.457-468
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• 2003

Active ingredients have been around in cosmetics for a long time but have they really resulted in active cosmetic products\ulcorner In order to achieve this, the right active needs to be delivered to the right location at the right concentration for the correct period of time. And the extent (and therefore the concentration) of this delivery depends on the formulation. From a rather theoretical approach based on the polarity of the active ingredient, the stratum corneum and the oil phase, the Relative Polarity Index was established that enables the selection of a suitable emollient for ensuring skin penetration of the active ingredient. Practical examples subsequently show the validity of this approach that demonstrates that one can regulate the delivery of an active molecule (and therefore the efficacy of a cosmetic formulation) by selection and control of the emollient system. Cosmetic formulations are generally quite complex mixtures and subsequent experiments using different emulsifier systems indicated that this component of a cosmetic formulation could also have an impact on steering the active ingredient to the right layer of the skin, although it is too early to be able to derive general rules from this.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.75-83
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• 2007

Why do some countries walk on the right and others on the left? People have a dominant hand which leads to a natural tendency to favor one side of the road or another depending on the means of transportation being used. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the stereotype of Korean regarding preferred walking direction in encountering various facilities and provide the appropriate information to traffic policy makers. Six hundred Korean male and female subjects aging from 12 to 83 were selected to investigate the various statistics about their preferred walking direction and their employment characteristics on walking diverse facilities. The walking directions of eleven different facilities were asked along with other relative subjects' characteristics(e.g., age, gender, hand and foot dominance) to determine the relationship among these obtained data. The descriptive statistics showed that 73.7% and 26.3% were preferred walking right and left direction respectively. Moreover, various statistical analysis revealed that general tendency of walking direction was varied by hand and foot dominances. There were strong tendency that right-handed people prefer walking right side of the road and vise versa, hence this should be considered in setting up traffic policies. As a concluding remark, it is better to design traffic policies and regulations in the way that peoples' preference and expectation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.693-700
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• 1991

A rare case of the association of distal aortopulmonary septal defect, aortic origin of the right pulmonary artery, intact ventricular septum, patent ductus arteriosus and interrupted aortic isthmus in a 40-day-old infant is reported. The infant was suffered from two operations with an interval of nine days. At the first operation a 10mm polytetrafluoroethylene prosthesis was inserted instead of the interrupted aortic isthmus and ductus was ligated via the left posterolateral thoracotomy. But the patient could not be weaned from the respirator because of large amount of left-to-right shunt. So the total correction was subsequently performed after an interval of nine days. At the second operation, tunneling of the right pulmonary artery to the main pulmonary artery through the aortopulmonary septal defect was performed using the Dacron patch via a longitudinal transaortic approach and a separate autologous pericardial patch was applied to the longitudinally incised margins of the anterior wall of the ascending aorta. The second postoperative course was relatively uneventful except some respiratory distress and nutritional problems. Now he is at 6 months of age and thrives well without any symptom. Because the success of the surgical repair of this complex anomalies depends upon the accurate diagnosis and meticulous design of each step of procedure prior to operation these problems are also discussed.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.11b
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• pp.511-513
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• 1998

This paper describes a full color stereoscopic video display system using a LCD shutter. Human apprehends the world with a natural stereo vision. The left eye sees through a slightly different perspective from the right eye; proposed vision system combines two images into a single image that has stereo depth. That is, when the left image is on the screen, the left shutter opens and the right shutter closes - and vice versa. The LCD shutter channels the left image to the left eye, and the right image to the right eye. The brain then fuses the stereo pair into a single high-resolution, flicker-free 3D image. The designed vision system is a real-time system that shows stereoscopic images without the loss of image information from video cameras.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.14 no.24
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• pp.123-132
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• 1991

This study deals with the experiment of perceiving visual information according to the positions of vehicle side mirrors. In the design of vehicle, the consideration of safety is very important. Therefore we consider the positions of side mirrors to use visual information effectively which is important factor to driver. This paper presents the position of side mirror to elevate the degree of visual perception for the circumstances of danger by experiments. To exhibit the circumstances of danger. 4 LED(Light Emitted Diode) art located at each side(right. left front. hack) of vehicle. A subject pushes the LED switch to see that if he perceives the circumstance of danger. To record the circumstance of randomly generated danger, computer interface card is used to control 4 LED and swithch on IBM PC/AT Experiments are divided into 2 parts. The 1st experiment present the independence of right & left side mirror. The 2nd experiment present optimal position of right & left side mirror. The vehicle used in experiment is model EL of H Co.. Statistical process of experimental data using SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Sciences)/PC package concludes that 1) the optimal position of right side mirror is 54cm forward of exist position. 2) for the left side mirror, the position of 120cm forward of exist position shows the worst degree of perception. and the optimal position does not exist in statistical meaning.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.35-49
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• 2011

Objectives: The aim of this experiment is to know about Effect of pulse-wave factors in Middle Aged Women by Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Pharmacopuncture. Methods: First 20 Middle Aged women are diagnosed by pulse diagnosis, and then Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Pharmacopuncture(1 injection 20cc) were injected. 30 minutes later, pulse diagnosis again performed. As a result, method of one-group pretest-posttes design were used for evaluation. Results: T(Total pulse cycle) time statistically significant increased on both left and right chon, kwan, cheok. T4 time statistically significant increased on both left and right chon, kwan, cheok. T4-T1/T indexs except left cheokmaek, Right cheokmaek observation area decreased significantly in four sites. Wm(indicating high pressure retention time) indexs increased significantly in the five sites were observed except right chon maek. Conclusions: Effect of pulse-wave factors in Middle Aged Women by Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Pharmacopuncture increased T, T4, Wm and decreased T4-T1/T indexs. The results of this experiment, Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Pharmacopuncture induced to increase the Pulse-wave's stability and strength.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.1-5
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• 2019

Purpose - Along with the rapid growth of the economics and IT industry, E-commerce appears as the next potential area of world economics. For this no-entity shops commerce style, logistics is crucial for the success of E-commerce. Research design, data and methodology - In this paper, Dangdang.com, the largest online marketplace in China, is studied and a conceptual model is present, to develop a practical way to develop the logistics system in E-commerce situation. Results - This research finds that following 4 factors are critical success factors for E-commerce logistics: 1) logistics centres are very important to control the inventory management; 2) keep good cooperation with third-party logistics (3PL) can guarantee good quality shipping service and also can reduce delivery costs; 3) build strong information system; 4) quick response system also needed for an efficient logistics system. When E-commerce firms are developing their logistics systems, they should pay more attention to these 4 critical success factors. Conclusions - In summary, successful 3PL management is vital for competing regionally and globally throughout the logistics value chain. We see information system as an enabler in logistics management to get the right products to the right place in the right quantity at the right time and to provide quality services to satisfy the customer's needs.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.279-284
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• 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to confirm the effect of physiotherapy on the balance and walking in dog with sciatic nerve injury and degenerative arthritis of stifle joints. Design: Single case study Methods: The dog walked abnormally for six months and was administrated in S animal hospital. The dog's right hindlimb was operated for cranial cruciate ligament repair and the dog had been taking a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic before being refered. There was severe degenerated osteoarthritis in the right hindlimb. During stance and walking, the right hindlimb was often shown partial weight bearing. The dog's left hindlimb was shown plantigrade stance and walking. The radiograph was shown an intact calcaneal tendon in the left hindlimb. In the neurologic examination, sciatic nerve injury in the left hindlimb was confirmed. The dog was treated using muscle strengthening, proprioceptive exercise, underwater treadmill and Laser therapy two, or three times a week for 3 months. At the 10th and 17th treatment, it was evaluated through stance and gait analyzer system to measure dog's balance and walking. Results: 3 months following physiotherapy, the dog's balance was improved in center of pressure(COP). And peak vertical force(PVF), vertical impulse(VI) was increased in right hindlimb and double stance was decreased. Conclusions: Physiotherapy may have improved the prognosis in this dog with severe osteoarthritis and sciatic nerve injury. This study suggested that animal physiotherapy is a valuable way to improve balance and walking.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.201-205
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• 2023

Objective: Resistance exercise is a necessary element to improve quality of life, and measurement and evaluation of muscle strength provide important information for prescription and management of rehabilitation and exercise programs. This study analyzed the correlation between direct and indirect 1RM for isokinetic maximum torque of the knee joint in order to provide useful information in the field of exercise programs. In addition, the flexion-extension ratio and the difference in left-right deviation were verified. Design: A cross-sectional study Methods: The subjects of this study were 33 healthy adult men and women without medical problems who participated in the health exercise class program at S University in Seoul. The correlation between isokinetic maximum torque and direct and indirect 1RM was analyzed, and a dependent t-test was performed to analyze the flexion-extension ratio and left-right deviation. Results: There was a high correlation between the isokinetic maximum torque and direct and indirect 1RM, and no statistically significant difference was shown between the test methods in the analysis of the flexion-extension ratio and left-right deviation. Conclusions: Isokinetic muscle function measuring equipment is expensive, so it is difficult to use it in local exercise rehabilitation and training sites. Through this study, it was found that direct and indirect 1RM isokinetic maximum torque showed a high correlation, and there was no difference in evaluating muscle function such as flexion-extension ratio and left-right deviation. Therefore, it is considered that the muscle function evaluation using 1RM in general field can be usefully utilized.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.273-290
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the buyer's right to avoid the contract under SGA and CISG. Design/methodology/approach - This paper has conducted literature reviews to analyze the right to avoid the contract of the buyer based on the comparative study. Findings - Under s. 11(3) of SGA, the breach of a condition and an intermediate which deprives the buyer substantially of the whole benefit of the contract may give rise to a right to treat the contract as repudiated. But under Art. 49 of CISG, the buyer has the right to terminate the contract where the seller's failure to performance amounts to a fundamental breach of contract. Regarding the breach of an intermediate and the breach under CISG, the buyer should take into account where the seller's breach is fundamental or not. Moreover, an anticipatory breach can give rise to a right to avoid the contract. The anticipatory breach of a condition justifies termination. The breach of an intermediate and the breach under CISG require an anticipatory fundamental breach of the contract. Under SGA, the buyer has to prove an anticipatory breach in fact but CISG does not require virtual certainty, which SGA has stricter criteria to assess an anticipatory breach. Research implications or Originality - Comparative study helps to understand the nature of provisions under SGA and CISG and suggests practical advice to choose applicable laws. SGA gives more certainty to classify a contractual term. In case of the breach of a condition including the anticipatory breach under SGA, the buyer does not have to ask how much serious the breach is. But CISG requires the fundamental breach of the contract, which means that the buyer has the more burden of proof compared with SGA.