• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.35-47
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• 2022

Purpose : As the number of patients with systemic diseases is increasing in the old, the relevance of oral health is gaining particular research interest. To provide fundamental resources for dental services, this study examined the relationship between doctors' diagnoses of circulatory diseases and patients' awareness of oral health and oral care behaviors. Methods : SPSS 26.0 was used to assess various variables, including doctor's diagnosis of circulatory diseases, gender, age, household income quintile, participation in economic activity, marital status, subjective level of oral health awareness, mastication discomfort, speaking and chewing discomfort, dental inspection, use of oral care goods, teeth brushing during the previous day, and untreated oral conditions. Results : The circulatory diseases suffered by the subjects were as follows: 56 % high blood pressure, 36 % dyslipidemia, 6 % stroke, and 8 % myocardial infarction or angina. A higher age meant a higher diagnosis rate of high blood pressure (p<.001) and stroke (p<.001). Those with dyslipidemia showed a higher rate of receiving oral inspection (p=.040), and an untreated oral condition was more frequently observed among those not diagnosed with the disease (p=.035). The subjects who were not diagnosed with stroke showed a higher rate of oral inspection (p<.001), while those who had a prior experience of stroke suffered a higher rate of mastication discomfort (p=.020). People who had high blood pressure showed a lower rate of using oral care goods (p<.001), and those diagnosed with stroke showed a lower rate of brushing teeth the previous day. Conclusion : This study found a correlation between the diagnosis of circulatory diseases and the awareness of oral health and oral care behavior. Consequently, oral health education should be included in mental health-related education, and customized training to teach teeth brushing and the use of oral care goods should be provided to patients with circulatory diseases during dentist visits.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.283-294
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• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and the risk of periodontitis in Korean adults using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the KNHANES 2016-2018 and analysed 12,735 Korean adults aged ≥19 years who underwent oral examinations. Hypouricemia was defined as SUA <3 mg/dL in men and <2 mg/dL in women, and hyperuricemia was defined as SUA ≥7 mg/dL in men and ≥6 mg/dL in women. Results: The weighted prevalence of hypouricemia and hyperuricemia was 0.6% and 12.9%, respectively. The overall weighted periodontitis rate was 30.5%. The frequency of periodontitis in subjects with hypouricemia, normouricemia, and hyperuricemia were 51.1%, 30.3%, and 30.6%, respectively. Study participants with hypouricemia were significantly older, had significantly fasting blood glucose levels, and had better kidney function than non-hypouricemic participants. In univariate logistic regression analyses, hypouricemia was associated with periodontitis, but hyperuricemia was not. The fully adjusted model revealed that the adjusted odds ratio of hypouricemia for periodontitis was 1.62 (95% confidence interval, 1.13-2.33), while the relationship between hyperuricemia and periodontitis in the multivariable logistic regression model was not significant. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that hypouricemia is associated with an increased risk of periodontitis.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.393-405
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• 2023

Oral diseases have been reported to affect approximately 3.5 billion people worldwide, and in Korea, gingivitis and periodontal disease ranked first in the most frequent diseases from 2019 to 2021. Microorganisms that cause oral diseases include not only some bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus gordonii, Leptotrichia buccalis, Prevotella, and Treponema, but also fungi Candida albicans and archaea Methanobrevibacter oralis. In the process by which oral microorganisms cause periodontal disease, bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans first proliferate to form a biofilm, and then obligate anaerobes, opportunistic bacteria, and pathogens attach, proliferate and settles down, forming plaque in the subgingival area of the host with weakened immunity. In this way, various interactions within the community are important in causing oral disease. Furthermore, substances and inflammation resulting from oral microorganisms and oral diseases are closely related to the occurrence of digestive diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cognitive function, rheumatoid arthritis, premature birth, and cancer, and vice versa.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.921-932
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the number of existing permanent teeth and the denture usage status in elderly adults aged 65 years and above living in metropolitan cities and to confirm the degree of oral health inequality caused by the differences in oral conditions in each metropolitan city using the Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient. Methods: The raw data for the analysis were obtained from the dataset of the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2013 and 2015. The subjects included 1,764 people who underwent oral examination and answered questions. The complex samples general linear model was used to analyze the number of existing permanent teeth adjusted for age and monthly household income. The proportion of edentulousness and the denture status was analyzed using complex samples crosstabs. Results: The number of existing permanent teeth in the elderly adults aged 65 years and above was lowest in Ulsan (15.41) and highest in Gwangju (20.44). The proportion of edentulousness was highest in Busan (14.5%) and lowest in Daejeon (4.0%). With regard to the proportion of denture users, Busan had the highest tendency for denture usage (50.4%) and Gwangju had the lowest tendency (34.9) (p=0.172). The Gini's coefficient for the number of existing teeth was lowest in Busan (0.332). Oral health inequality was most severe in metropolitan cities. Conclusions: We found that oral health inequality exists among elderly adults living in the metropolitan cities of Korea using the Lorenz curve and Gini's coefficient.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.101-108
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• 2018

Objectives: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) is a national surveillance system that has been assessing the health and nutritional status of Koreans since 1998. Based on the National Health Promotion Act, the surveys have been conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). Methods: An oral examination as part of The National Health and Nutrition Examination was proposed to calculate the sample design and survey participation. The surveying system was presented by classifying the measurement environment, screening, and survey items by year, and the merits and limitations of using the data were suggested by examining the status of survey quality management and the process of disclosing raw data. Results: This nationally representative cross-sectional survey samples approximately 10,000 individuals each year and collects information on oral examinations and oral health interviews. Data for the oral health component of KNHANES was obtained to assess the oral health status of Koreans and determine the prevalence of dental caries and periodontitis. The oral health data quality control of KNHANES was composed of three parts: "Education Program" and "Field Training Program" for quality control of oral health examiners (dentists) by the professional academy, and "Data management" by the KCDC. After completion of the three-step data check, the indicators of dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral health behavior were published in the National Health Statistics. Conclusions: To achieve the goals of oral health indicators, we will continue to monitor so that we can use it as basic data for oral policies and carry out various linkage analyses related to oral diseases.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.59-73
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• 2016

Objectives: The working environment affects employees' physical and mental aspects, and has a deep associations with depression. The purposes of this study are to investigate how hazardous environment working experience impacts on depression, to provide rationale and practical implications for reducing depression and drinking. Methods: This study targeted 215 dental hygiene students from 3 universities located in Gyeonggi-do from November 30 to December 4, 2015. We analyzed the data with frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test. One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, Regression analysis by using SPSS. Results: This study showed that experience working in hazardous environments increased depression and alcohol drinking, on the other hand alcohol drinking reduced depression. In addition, experience working in hazardous environments effected on depression indirectly through mediating of drinking, subjective health had not role of Moderating Effects between experience working in hazardous environments and depression. Conclusions: In order to reduce workers' depression and alcohol, the improvements of harmful environment are needed. For this governments and local governments should efforts to support enhancing workplace environment, to develop model of standard work environment, and to change employers' awareness on the harmful environment.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 1975

The purpose of this investigation was to make a comprohensive study and evaluation of the oral health of a group of orthopedically handicapped children by considering the DMF rate, occlusion, and oral hygiene status of 194 orthopedic children. The obtained results were as follows. 1. The DMF rate of over all examined children was 59.85%, and when the four orthopedic groups were compared among themselves, it was found that Cerebral Palsy group had a significant higher DMF rate than that occuring in any of the remaining groups. 2. Total prevalence of malocclusion was 50. 10%, and it was found that Cerebral Palsied children had a significantly higher incidence of malocclusion ($67.90{\pm}4.12$), and that Cerebral Palsy group showed a significantly different distribution of higher percentage of Class II occlusions from that observed in the remaining groups. 3. In dental plaque index, Average plaque index per tooth was 2.09. Plaque index of each group was as follows A) Cerebral palsy: 2.35 B) Poliomyelitis: 2.24 C) Tb Group: 1.65 D) miscellaneous Group: 1.72.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the association of vocational interest and personality with oral mucosal diseases. Methods: Three hundred and fifty eight college students in Gyeonggi-do completed Vocational Preference Inventory L form and a questionnaire and collected data were analyzed by R program. Results: The prevalence of symptoms of oral mucosal diseases showed no significant difference among six vocational personality types. Compared to subjects with good or fair general health status, a significantly increased percentage of subjects with bad general health status showed herpetic stomatitis (p<0.01), oral malodor (p<0.01), and glossodynia (p<0.0001). Prevalence of taste disturbance increased significantly as the score of emotional instability (${\beta}=0.0438$, p=0.0082), anxiety (${\beta}=0.038$, p=0.0174), angry hostility (${\beta}=0.0398$, p=0.0061), depression (${\beta}=0.0443$, p=0.0035), and impulsiveness (${\beta}=0.0358$, p=0.0186) increased. Subjects who strongly felt oral malodor revealed significantly higher mean scales of scores of anxiety and angry hostility than subjects who did not feel oral malodor (p<0.05). Subjects who strongly felt oral malodor manifested significantly higher mean scales of scores of anxiety than subjects who slightly felt oral malodor (p<0.05). Conclusions: Taste disturbance was affected by emotional instability, anxiety, angry hostility, depression, and impulsiveness. Oral malodor was related to anxiety and angry hostility. Therefore, psychological aspects of taste disturbance and oral malodor could be evaluated by Vocational Preference Inventory L form.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.381-391
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• 2023

This study was conducted to analyze relationships between depression indices, mini nutritional assessment scores, and nutritional quotients among 80 elderly in Yangpyeong-gun and to identify factors that help prevent depression and malnutrition. Nutrition assessment scores were low in the high-risk group (PHQ-9 score ≥10), and nutritional quotient scores were lower in the high-risk group than in the normal group (PHQ-9 score ≤4). Interestingly, the consumption frequencies of fruits, eggs, and nuts were low in the high-risk group, and subjective health awareness, dental condition, and sleep were poorer. The total PHQ-9 score was correlated with malnutrition, body mass index, calf circumference, weight change, independent daily living, reduced meal amount, water intake, and the need for help when eating. Analysis of correlations between items of the PHQ-9 and nutritional status evaluation indices showed that a self-perceived feeling of depression, low energy, difficulty controlling sleep or appetite, negative thoughts (e.g., failure, disappointment), and difficulty concentrating were negatively correlated with total nutritional status scores. These results show that attention is required when food or water intake decreases and that deviation from normal sleep and appetite cycles flags the need to prepare guidelines to prevent depression.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.97-104
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• 1972

For the purpose of ascertaining the status of physical growth and health status of the University Students, an intensive survey was conducted by the authors towards a total of 1,250 (Male 792, Female 458) who passed the written entrance examination at the Kyung Hee University in 1972. The items included the measurements on physical growth, various physical and nutritional indices, status of visual distourbance, dental status and tuberculosis. The findings and results cad be summarized as follows; 1. Physical Growth and Develspment. i) The average of body height by anthropometric was $169.39{\pm}5.05cm$ in male and $157.45{\pm}4.43cm$ in female. ii) The averages of body weight by sex were $59.42{\pm}6.47Kg\;and\;51.81{\pm}5.21Kg$, respectively. iii) The averages of chest-girth were $87.18{\pm}5.30cm\;and\;80.51{\pm}4.53cm$. iv) The averages of sitting-height were $92.21{\pm}2.79cm\;and\;86.28{\pm}2.57cm$. In all cases the male measurements were higher than female. 2. Various ludices about Physical Growth and Development; i) Relative body weights by sex were 35.08 and 32.91, relative chestgirth 51.47 and 51.13, and relative sitting-height 54.43, 54.79, respectively. ii) Rohrer index was 1.222 in males and 1.327 in females, Kaup index 2.071 and 2.089, Verveck index 86.54 and 84.04, and Pelidisi index 91.15 and 93.08, respectively 3. Status of visual distourbance The vision of the students under 0.8 with Landolt's testing chart was 45.4% in left eye and 46.6% in right eye(male: 44.4% and 45.7%, female: 47.2% and 48.0%), while under 0.6 in both visions was 41.0% and 40.5% (male: 40.8% and 40.7%, female: 41.5% and 40.2%), respectively. 4. Dental Status Out of total 19.4% (male 19.2%, female 19.6%) had gingivitis, the female incidence rate of gingivitis was higher than male. Average number of teeth in each subject was 29.6 teeth: male had 29.9 teeth and female had 29.1 teeth. The caries rate was 78.9%(male 75.6%, female 84.5%), the female caries rate was higher than male. Total filing per subject was 35.6% (male 34.0%, female 37.1%), female incidence was higher shan male. The average number of i) Caries per tooth rate was 8.5% in male and 9.2% in female, ii) Missing per tooth rate was 0.3% and 0.2%, iii) Filling per tooth rate was 3.9% and 4.2%. in all cases, the female incidences were higher than the male. The average number of D.M.F. was 3.8 teeth in male and 4.0 teeth in female, female was higher than male. The average rate of D.M.F. was 12.7% in male and 13.7% in female, female was higher than male. 5. Pulmonary infiltration Among the total, 53 students were diagnosed as pulmonary infiltration (tuberculosis), of whom 51 were minimal cases, one were moderately advanced case and one were far advanced case.