• Title/Summary/Keyword: degranulation

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Screening and Evaluation of the Anti-allergic Effect of Korean Medicinal Plant Extracts (한국 약용식물자원 추출물의 항알레르기 활성 평가 및 선발)

  • Kim, Nan Sol;Choi, Doo Jin;Choi, Eun Ju;Lee, Jeong Hoon;Park, Saetbyul;Lee, Young Sup;Lee, Jae Won;Lee, Dae Young;Kim, Geum Sook;Lee, Seung Eun
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.42-54
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    • 2018
  • Background: Allergic diseases like such as atopic dermatitis, asthma, and rhinitis have recently increased both domestically and globally. The present study was undertaken to select candidates with anti-allergic activity from plant resources. Methods and Results: Fifty-six plant extracts at $20{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ were screened against ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase production and interleukin (IL)-4 release in degranulated rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 cells. The anti-allergy activity of three plant extracts selected from the preliminary screening experiment, Polygonatum sibiricum F. Delaroche (root), Pyrus pytifolia var. culta (Makino) Nakai (leaf), and Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) Libosch. ex Steud (root) were measured at concentrations of $2-250{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ in three cell lines as RBL-2H3, HaCaT and Jurkcat T cells. The assay showed the root extract of R. glutinosa to have an inhibitory activity of 4.2% - 28.6% on ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase production from IgE-sensitized RBL-2H3 cells. Each extract of P. sibiricum and R. glutinosa reduced IL-4 release in IgE-sensitized RBL-2H3 cells, respectively. The leaf extract of P. pyrifolia var. culta showed a significantly potent suppressive effect of 10.2% - 74.7% on the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ in HaCaT cells sensitized with TNF-a and INF-g, and showed inhibitory effect of -8.6% - 90.9% on the mRNA expression of IL-2 in Jurkat T cells sensitized with PMA and A23187. Conclusions: The results showed that the root of R. glutinosa and leaf of P. pyrifolia var. culta could be useful candidates as antiallergy materials.

Physiological Activities of the Hot Water Extract from Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. (비파엽(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) 열수추출물의 생리활성)

  • Jeong, Yoo-Seok;Jung, Hee-Kyoung;Youn, Kwang-Sup;Kim, Myoung-Ok;Hong, Joo-Heon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.38 no.8
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    • pp.977-982
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    • 2009
  • This study was carried out to investigate physiological activities in the extract of Eriobotrya japonica in order to elevate its utilization as a functional material. The maximum total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents were 28.91$\pm$2.1 mg/g and 10.54$\pm$4.6 mg/g, respectively. The nitrite scavenging abilities at pH 1.2 were in the range of $49.52\pm1.04\sim72.52\pm$0.84% whereas they were $35.28\pm0.78\sim51.20\pm$1.10% at pH 4.2 and $27.90\pm0.36\sim32.26\pm$1.20% at pH 6.0. At the concentrations of 100, 200 and 300 $\mu g$/mL of the hot-water extract, the degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells were inhibited 14.58$\pm$0.97%, 43.69$\pm$0.96% and 95.58$\pm$0.75%, respectively. The anti-inflammation activity was the highest as 44.35$\pm$0.63% at a concentration of 400 $\mu g$/mL.

Activation Mechanism of Arachidonic Acid in Human Neutrophil Function (사람 중성호성 백혈구의 기능에 있어서 Arachidonic Acid의 활성화 기전)

  • Sim, Jae-Kun;Lee, Chung-Soo;Shin, Yong-Kyoo;Lee, Kwang-Soo
    • The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.91-102
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    • 1992
  • In $Ca^{++}$ containing media, arachidonic acid markedly stimulated superoxide and $H_2O_2$ generation and activated NADPH oxidase. In $Ca^{++}$ free media, stimulatory action of arachidonic acid on NADPH oxidase was not detected. Arachidonic acid-stimulated respiratory burst was inhibited by EGTA, TMB-8, verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine, dibucaine, lidocaine, CCCP, 2,4-dinitrophenol, sodium arsenate, chlorpromazine, theophylline, $HgCl_2$, PCMB and PCMBSA but not affected by tetrodotoxin, tetraethylammonium chloride and procaine. EGTA almost completely inhibited release of ${\beta}-glucuronidase$ by arachidonic acid and verapamil, CCCP and theophylline slightly inhibited it, whereas dibucaine did not show any significant effect. Arachidonic acid induced $Ca^{++}$ release from intact neutrophils and it was decreased by TMB-8. Arachidonic acid-induced elevation of intracellular free $Ca^{++}$ level was inhibited by EGTA and CCCP and slightly inhibited by TMB-8. Amount of intracellular free $Ca^{++}$ increased by either arachidonic acid plus verapamil or arachidonic acid plus dibucaine was greater than that by arachidonic acid alone. These results suggest that various changes of biochemical events may be implicated in the functional expression in neutrophils activated by arachidonic acid. Arachidonic acid appears to elevate cytosolic free $Ca^{++}$ level by stimulating $Ca^{++}$ release from intracellular $Ca^{++}$ storage sites. During activation of neutrophils, $Ca^{++}$ influx and efflux may be accomplished, simultaneously.

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Suppressive effects of $Schizandra$ $chinensis$ Baillon water extract on allergy-related cytokine generation and degranulation in IgE-antigen complex-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells

  • Chung, Mi-Ja;Kim, Jeong-Mi;Lee, Sang-Chul;Kim, Tae-Woo;Kim, Dae-Jung;Baek, Jong-Mi;Kim, Tae-Hyuk;Lee, Jae-Sung;Kim, Kyoung-Kon;Yoon, Jin-A;Choe, Myeon
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.97-105
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    • 2012
  • $Schizandra$ $chinensis$ Baillon is a traditional folk medicine plant that is used to treat and prevent several inflammatory diseases and cancer in Korea, but the underlying mechanisms involved in its anti-allergic activity are not fully understood. This study was designed to investigate mechanisms of anti-allergic activity of a $Schizandra$ $chinensis$ Baillon water extract (SCWE) in immunoglobulin E (IgE)-antigen complex-stimulated RBL2H3 cells and to assess whether gastric and intestinal digestion affects the anti-allergic properties of SCWE. Oxidative stress is an important consequence of the allergic inflammatory response. The antioxidant activities of SCWE increased in a concentration-dependent manner. RBL-2H3 cells were sensitized with monoclonal anti-dinitrophenol (DNP) specific IgE, treated with SCWE, and challenged with the antigen DNP-human serum albumin. SCWE inhibited ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release and expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) mRNA and protein in IgE-antigen complex-stimulated RBL2H3 cells. We found that digested SCWE fully maintained its antioxidant activity and anti-allergic activity against the IgE-antigen complex-induced activation of RBL-2H3 cells. SCWE may be useful for preventing allergic diseases, such as asthma. Thus, SCWE could be used as a natural functional ingredient for allergic diseases in the food and/or pharmaceutical industries.

Dermal mast cell responses in Paragonimus westermani-infected mice (폐흡충 감염에 대한 마우스 진피 내 비만세포의 반응)

  • 신명헌
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.259-264
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    • 1997
  • This study was carried out to determine whether dermal mast cell responses to Parasoninn westemoni in an abnormal host, the mouse, were dependent on the site of metacercarial inoculation. In mice during subcutaneous infection, the number of der- mal mast cells were increased significantly (p<0.05) at the first week ($38.3/\textrm{mm}^2$) and then persisted at a high level until the sixth week ($45.2/\textrm{mm}^2$) of infection compared with PBS- injected (control) mice (range: $19.4-25.1/\textrm{mm}^2$). In mice during oral infection, the number of dermal mast cells were increased significantly (p<0.05) at two weeks ($33.5/\textrm{mm}^2$) after infection and remained at these levels thereafter compared loth non-infected (control) mice (range: $17.4-22.3/\textrm{mm}^2$). In mice both during subcutaneous and oral infection, the recruited dermal mast cells showed extensive degranulation at the second week (68.4%) and 60.7%, respectivelyl, reached a peak at the third week (81.4%, and 92.1%, respectively) and then declined slightly thereafter. By contrast, in both control mice, about 10% of dermal mast cells were degranulated. In conclusion, this study suggests that dermal mast cell responses to p. westemcni in mice are dependent on cutaneous sensitization by larval excretory-secretory antigens, irrespective of infection route.

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Studies on the Antiallergic Effect of Aquillariae Lignum (침향(沈香)의 항알레르기 효과(效果)에 대한 연구(硏究))

  • Kim, Young-Hak;Lee, Eon-Jeong;Song, Bong-Keun;Kim, Hyeong-Kyun
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.167-186
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    • 1997
  • The inhibitory activity of Aquillariae Lignum (Thymelaeaceae) on type Ⅰ immediate hypersensitivity of the anaphylactic type in the wistar rat model of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, an IgE-mediated, mast cell-dependent reaction. Administered orally at 250, 500 mg/kg body weight 1 h before the challenge, Aquillariae Lignum potently inhibited PCA in rats which disodium cromoglycate showed poor inhibitory activity. Aquillariae Lignum inhibited compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis 100% with a dose of 0.5 g/kg body weight at 1 h before or 5 and 10 min after injection of compound 48/80. Aquillariae Lignum (0.05-1.6 mg/ml) also exhibited the dose-related inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced histamine release from rat_peritoneal mast cells. Moreover, it was clearly demonstrated that Aquillariae Lignum and disodium cromoglycate disodium cromoglycate potently inhibited such type Ⅰ allergic reactions as anaphylactic shocks, suggesting that these drugs, at least in part, share the same mechanism of action It is suggested that Aquillariae Lignum may exert a stronger inhibition on the mast cell degranulation process. Since Aquillariae Lignum (1.0 mg/ml) inhibited about 90% of histidine decarboxylase activity, the inhibitory activity of Aquillariae Lignum for histamine release was considered to be derived from the inhibition of histidine decarboxylase activity. It results from increased expression of the mRNA coding for histidine decarboxylase, as assessed by Northern blot analysis after a 12 h incubation to P-815 cells with dexamethasone plus 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. The addition of Aquillariae Lignum to P-815 cells with dexamethasone plus 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, significantly inhibited the histidine decarboxylase gene expression. Tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ was not constitutively expressed in P-815 cells. Substance P selectively activates the tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ gene expression in P-815 cells. Aquillariae Lignurm inhibited substance P-induced tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ gene expression. Furthennore, The effect of Aquillariae Lignum on the mRNA expression of novel protein kinase C ${\delta}$ a major isoform of mast cells, was examined by Northern blot analysis. The expression of novel protein kinase C ${\delta}$ mRNA in the presence of Aquillariae Lignum was significantly lower than in the absence of Aquillariae Lignum. These results suggest the possibility that the inhibition of allergic reaction by Aquillanae Lignum should be regulated by tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ and novel protein kinase C ${\delta}$.

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Alteration of the Activated Responses in Platelet-Activating Factor-Stimulated Neutrophils by Protein Kinase Inhibitors (Protein Kinase 억제제 첨가 후 Platelet-Activating Factor에 의하여 자극된 호중구반응의 변경)

  • Lee, Kang-Kun;Ko, Ji-Young;Ham, Dong-Suk;Shin, Yong-Kyoo;Lee, Chung-Soo
    • The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.103-112
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    • 1996
  • Roles of protein kinase C and protein tyrosine kinase in the activation of neutrophil respiratory burst, degranulation and elevation of cytosolic $Ca^{2+}$ in platelet-activating factor (PAF)-stimulated neutrophils were investigated. Superoxide and $H_2O_2$ production and myeloperoxidase and acid phosphatase release in PAF-stimulated neutrophils were inhibited by protein kinase C inhibitors, staurosporine and H-7 and protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors, genistein and tyrphostin. The PAF-induced elevation of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ in neutrophils was inhibited by staurosporine, genistein and methyl-2,5-dihydroxycinnamate. Staurosporine inhibited both intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ release and $Mn^{2+}$ influx in PAF-stimulated neutrophils. Genistein and methyl-2,5-dihydroxycinnamate inhibited $Mn^{2+}$ influx induced by PAF, whereas their effects on intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ release were not detected. In neutrophils preactivated by PMA, the stimulatory effect of PAF on the elevation of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ was reduced. Protein kinase C and protein tyrosine kinase may be involved in respiratory burst, lysosomal enzyme release and $Ca^{2+}$ mobilization in PAF-stimulated neutrophils. The elevation of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ appears to be accomplished by intracullular $Ca^{2+}$ release and $Ca^{2+}$ influx which are differently regulated by protein kinases. Preactivation of protein kinase C appears to attenuate the stimulatory action of PAF on intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ mobilization.

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Inhibitory Effects of Several Korean Traditional Herbs on Anaphylactic Reaction and Mast Cell Activation (아나필락시스 반응과 비만세포 활성화에 대한 한국전통약제의 억제효과)

  • Chai, Ok-Hee
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • v.40 no.4
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    • pp.201-209
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    • 2010
  • Korean traditional herbs, especially Anemarrhena asphodeloides (A. asphodeloides), Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza), and Terminalia chebula (T. chebula) have been known to have the immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, direct cellular mechanism underlying the mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis-like reaction has poorly been understood. In the present study, the effects of the methanol extracts of A. asphodeloides (MEAA), S. miltiorrhiza (MESM), and T. chebula (METC) on anaphylactic reaction were investigated. Using in vitro and in vivo experiments, the influences of MEAA, MESM, and METC on the compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis-like reaction and mast cell activation, and IgEmediated PCA were examined. Results are below; 1) MEAA, MESM, and METC significantly inhibited systemic anaphylaxis-like reaction, ear swelling response, and IgE-mediated PCA. 2) the compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation, histamine release of rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) were significantly inhibited by the pretreatment with MEAA, MESM, and METC, and 3) the compound 48/80-induced calcium influx in RPMC was significantly inhibited by the pretreatment with MEAA, MESM, and METC. These results suggest that MEAA, MESM, and METC may be an activity to inhibit the compound 48/80-induced or anti-DNP IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions by blocking histamine release and calcium uptake into RPMC. MEAA, MESM, and METC potentially may serve as an effective therapeutic tool for allergic diseases.

The Alleviative Effect of White Tea Water Extract on Inflammation and Skin Barrier Damage (백차 열수추출물의 자외선 조사에 의한 피부염증 및 피부장벽손상 완화 효과)

  • Lee, Kyung-Ok;Kim, Young-Chul;Chang, Byung-Soo
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.197-204
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    • 2011
  • To investigate the alleviative effect of white tea water extract on the inflammation and skin barrier damage, skin aging animal model was produced by the irradiation of UVB to the backs of hairless mice for 12 weeks. And then experimental materials were applied topically for 4 weeks. At the 28th day of experiment, positive control (PC, 0.01% retinoic acid treatment) and experimental groups (E1, 1% white tea water extract treatment; E2, 2% white tea water extract treatment) had significantly (p<0.001) lower values of both skin erythema index and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) than the control (C, saline treatment) group. The appearance of mast cell and the degree of its degranulation in dermal and subcutaneous layers were remarkably reduced in E1 and E2 groups compared to the C group. It is found that white tea water extract is effective in skin barrier damage and inflammation in hairless mouse.

The Effects of Balneotherapy in Alkaline Reduced Spring Water on Skin Injury Induced by UV Irradiation in Hairless Mice (자외선으로 손상된 무모생쥐의 피부에 알칼리환원온천수의 침수치료효과)

  • Yoon, Yang-Suk;Kim, Dong-Heui;Jin, Dan;Park, Mi-Soon;Chang, Byung-Soo;Lee, Jee-Yeon;Lee, Kyu-Jae
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.21-29
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    • 2011
  • Balneotherapy has been widely used for the treatment of skin diseases in the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the bath effect of the alkaline reduced spring water with the properties of high pH and low oxidation reduction potential (ORP) on the skin injury induced by ultra violet (UV) irradiation. For this purpose, hairless mice were irradiated with UV-B to cause skin injury, and individually taken a bath in spring water (experimental group) and tap water (control group) once a day for 40 min during 21 days. We observed histological changes of the back skin through macro- and microscopic methods compared to the control group. We found that skin injury of the experimental group was more quickly recovered than that of the control group. Under the light microscope, the experimental group showed that epidermal thickening (p<0.01) and the mast cell activation (p<0.001) were lower compared with the control group, in addition infiltration of inflammatory cells and degranulation of mast cells were less observed. These results suggest that regular bath in the spring water with the properties of high pH and low ORP has a positive effect on the skin injury induced by UV irradiation.