• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.695-701
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• 2017

This paper investigates some general properties in the degenerate scale problem of antiplane elasticity or Laplace equation. For a given configuration, the degenerate scale problem is solved by using conformal mapping technique, or by using the null field BIE (boundary integral equation) numerically. After solving the problem, we can define and evaluate the degenerate area which is defined by the area enclosed by the contour in the degenerate configuration. It is found that the degenerate area is an important parameter in the problem. After using the conformal mapping, the degenerate area can be easily evaluated. The degenerate area for many configurations, from triangle, quadrilles and N-gon configuration are evaluated numerically. Most properties studied can only be found by numerical computation. The investigated properties provide a deeper understanding for the degenerate scale problem.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.45-51
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• 2003

In this paper, a scan-based low power BIST (Built-In Self-Test) architecture is proposed. The proposed architecture is based on STUMPS, which uses a LFSR (Linear Feedback Shift Register) as the test generator, a MISR(Multiple Input Shift Register) as the reponse compactor, and SRL(Shift Register Latch) channels as multiple scan paths. In the proposed BIST a degenerate MISR structure is used for every SRL channel; this offers reduced area overheads and has less impact on performance than the STUMPS techniques. The proposed BIST is designed to support both test-per-clock and test-per-scan techniques, and in test-per-scan the total power consumption of the circuit can be reduced dramatically by suppressing the effects of scan data on the circuits. Results of the experiments on ISCAS 89 benchmark circuits show that this architecture is also suitable for detecting path delay faults, when the hamming distance of the data in the SRL channel is considered.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2011

Partial differential equations on a Riemannain manifold is one of the most important areas in differential geometry. In this article, we survey the role of parabolic equations on some of the main results of differential geometry and topology, especially in the modern mathematical history. Also, we introduce some recent research in this area.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.237-254
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• 2015

Neighborhood Parks are important facilities for urban residents, which provide recreation and vitality to users. But it can degenerate into crime-ridden area in the absence of control system. Recently, Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design is confirmed to be effective for safety enhancement, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport promulgates enforcement regulation about urban parks and greens. In the enforcement regulation, consideration of CPTED in park design is mandatory. However, there is no systematic guideline for the application and continuous maintenance control. So we develop evaluation indicators of neighborhood park about CPTED, and verify the weighted value of the evaluation indicator through survey targeting related field experts. Then, we evaluate safety of neighborhood parks in Busan using developed evaluation indicators, by three types of CPTED application level. On the physical design elements Busan Citizen Park which applied CPTED method from the design phase received the remarkably hightest score, whereas, on the social elements score was investigated differently in accordance with characteristics of each park.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.95-133
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• 2018

Since the beginning of the millennium, 'Maker Movement' has been active throughout the world. Today, there is a maker fair every year in major cities of the world including Seoul, and the number of attendees is increasing day by day, so it can be seen as a kind of maker 'phenomenon'. The positive implication of the maker's movement is that it attempts to break down the monopoly of manufacturing and to restore the rights and capabilities of citizens as makers. Today, highly developed industrial capitalism has a tendency to structurally paralyse citizens, to tie their hands and feet, and to degenerate into consuming entities only. Therefore, it can be said that the maker movement has structural tensions in the relationship of neoliberal manufacturing culture. This study is an attempt to actively interpret the maker movement in terms of "critical making". The maker movement can trace its origins to "counterculture" and "new communalism" that emerged in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s. On the other hand, there is criticism that the maker movement can fall into another technology utopianism and function as an area of consumer society, and mobilize it in the direction of activating consumerism. Although the maker's movement is amorphous due to its characteristics and it is currently in progress, it is difficult to make crude definition yet. However, as the citizens who have been defined only as consumers of science and technology, are newly emerging as producers of makers, there have been great changes in the topography of science and technology and civil society. So the scientific implication of the maker movement is great in that it shows the possibility of causing it.