• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.25-31
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• 2000

It is required to use substantial amount of wet strength resin for producing multi-functional mulch papers since these paper products shold maintain its strength properties when they exposed to outdoor weather for several months. While producing mulch papers it is usual to observe significant amount of foam at white water silo. Thus it is imperative to use defoaming or antifoaming agents. In this study diverse defoaming and antifoaming agents have been tested for their effective-ness in eliminating foams that produced. It was shown that combined use of a silicone type defoamer and a fatty acid type anti-foaming agent was msot effective in eliminating foams. These chemicals were used in trial production of mulch papers and their influence on paper-making wet end system was examined including one pass retention cationic demand con-ductivity pH etc. It was found that the defoaming agents were very effective for removing foams in trial production. Tensile strengths of the mulch papers produced were significantly greater than commericial mulch papers produced in Japan.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.369-372
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• 2008

In this research experimentally analyzes the flow characteristics of a combined High flowing Self-Compacting Concrete of which the viscosity agent and defoaming agent addition amount are changed, to make the combined High flowing Self-Compacting Concrete that can secure the required flow performance and air amount. As a result of the experiment, the slump flow of the combined High flowing Self-Compacting Concrete added with viscosity agent increases when the viscosity agent addition amount is 0.2%(${\times}$W %). When viscosity agent addition amount increases, viscosity agent shows that it largely deviates from the regulation value in the flow time of V-funnel, which is presented in the JSCE standards (grade 2). Also, all mixtures, except for mixtures added with viscosity agent, defoaming agent, and AE agent, do not meet a target air amount $4.5{\pm}1.5%$. High flowing Self-Compacting Concrete mixtureadded with defoaming agent shows that although time passes after its first mixture, its air amount reduces a little. Based on the experiment, we can know an optimal polymer amount to obtain the required flow performance

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.217-224
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• 2003

It is necessary to reduce bleeding, which is a kind of segregation of fresh concrete, for improvement of quality of concrete structure. But, besides using high qualify material and adjusting mixture ratio, there is no easy solution to reduce bleeding by now. For that reason, this study is intended to develop bleeding reduction agent and to investigate its application. The test results are following. At first, recommended mixture ratio of bleeding reduction agent is proven to be MC viscosity agent : defoaming agent : superplasticyzer of 1 : 0.004 : 0.2. It goes to prove that bleeding reduction agent does not have bad effect on the quality of concrete such as fluidity, air content and the strength of hardened concrete etc, and can reduce bleeding effectively. Therefore it is thought that bleeding reduction agent can be applied to construction field effectively.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 1999

Silicone oil has organic and inorganic properties, and its skeleton is polysiloxane bonding that silicon is bonded hydrogen or organic group. Silicone compounds are very smooth and lubricant properties by low surface tension, low temperature dependence, and nonadhesive properties. Because of these properties, silicone compounds are used as many parts of chemicals, softener, smooth and libricant agents, water-repellent agent, and defoaming agent, etc. Emulsion was prepared with the inversion emulsification method which adopted the agent-in-oil method dissolving the polyoxyethylene(7) tridecyl ether(HLB 12.2) into methoxy terminated poly(dimethyl-co-methyl amino) siloxane and hydroxy terminated poly(dimethyl-co-methyl amino) siloxane in water. At this time, processed emulsion was almost microemulsion. When ratio of emulsifier increases, emulsion is stable bacuause microemulsion is solubilized by emulsion drop size and zeta-potential are decreased. But, when amount of electrolyte is increase, emulsion became unstable because emulsion drop size is increased.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.974-978
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• 1999

This study was concerned with the scouring effect of anionic surfactants, PAPE(sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphoric ester) for cotton fibres. Sodium polyoxyethylene(7) nonylphenyl phosphoric ester(CPB-1) and the sodium polyoxyethylene(7) tridecyl phosphoric ester(CPB-2) were synthesized by the phosphoric esterification reaction from NP-7(polyoxyethylene(7) nonylphenyl ether) and TDA-7(polyoxyethylene(7) tridecyl ether) as scouring agents. Defoaming ability, fibre wetting time and absorbency rate of scouring agents were investigated. Being compared with the conventional scouring agent(Ultravon GP; Ciba-guyge Co.), CPB-1 and CPB-2 showed a higher defoaming ability in the cotton scouring process at room temperature. And CPB-1 has a higher wetting effect than the agents, CPB-2 or GP in distilled water bath but CPB-2 showed more scouring effect in 1.2 wt % NaOH solution bath.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2003

Acidic degreasing agent(AADA) was prepared by blending sorbitol, Newpol PE-68, Na-dioctyl sulfosuccinate, Tetronix T-70l, MJU-100A, n-octanoic acid, and phosphoric acid, The physical properties of AADA tested with aluminum specimen showed the following results ; when 3wt% AADA-5 was performed at 70$^{\circ}C$, the degreasing rate was 95% which is comparitively good, and the percentage of etching was 0.277% which was found to be less than that of commercialized product. when 20wt% of AADA-5 was added at 65$^{\circ}C$, the percentage of derusting was 91% and the good defoaming effect proved by following low foaming power tests respectively : Ross and Miles, and Ross and Clark methods.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.283-288
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• 2003

Alkaline powder cleaning agents (APCAs) were prepared by blending of $Na_2CO_3$ tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP). sodium orthosilicate (Na-OSi), Na-dioctyl sulfosuccinate (303C), Demol C, and MJU-100A (100A). The physical properties of APCAs tested with steel specimen showed the following results. The cleaning powers of APCA-6 ($Na_2CO_3$ 250g/TSPP 70g/Na-OSi 40g/303C 60g/Demol C 50g/100A 30g mixture) for press-rust preventing oil was 97% and 98% degreasing at 2wt%, $70^{\circ}C$ and $90^{\circ}C$, respectively; for Quenching oil, the cleaning power of APCA-6 was 95% degreasing at 2wt% and $70^{\circ}C$. From the results, it was ascertained that APCA-6 exhibited a good cleaning power. Also low foaming power tests proved that the APCA-6 maintained good defoaming effect.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.71-77
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• 1997

Low foaming acidic degreasing agent(LFADAs) were prepared by blending sorbitol, n-octanoic acid, MJU-100A, Tetronix T-701, Na-dioctyl sulfosuccinate, Demol C, and phosphoric acid. The physical properties of LFADAs tested with aluminum specimen showed the following results ; when 3wt% LFADA-6 was performed at $70^{\circ}C$, the degreasing rate was 95% which is comparitively good, and the percentage of etching was 0.275% which was found to be less than that of commercialized product. When 20wt% of LFADA-6 was added at $65^{\circ}C$, the percentage of derusting was 92% and the good defoaming effect proved by following low foaming power tests respectively : Ross and Miles, and Ross and Clark methods.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.530-536
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• 1993

Acidic degreasing agent(ADA) was prepared by blending n-octanoic acid, MJU-100A, Tetronix T-701, POE(6)-2-ethylhexyl ether, Newpol PE-68, sorbitol, and phosphoric acid. The physical properties of ADA tested with aluminum specimen showed the following results; when 3wt% ADA-5 was performed at $70^{\circ}C$, the degreasing rate was 98% which is comparitively good, and the percentage of etching was 0.277% which was found to be less than that of commercialized product. When 20wt% of ADA-5 was added at $65^{\circ}C$, the percentage of derusting was 93% and the good defoaming effect proved by following low foaming power tests respectively : Ross and Miles, and Ross and Clark methods.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.15 no.2 s.70
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• pp.18-23
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• 2006

Foaming of slag is a thermodynamically unstable phenomenon and has significant effects in iron and steelmaking processes. For better recycling method of pulp sludge, the application as an defoaming agent during steelmaking process was adopted and tested. The forming machine has been modified in order to produce the briquettes, which are made of pulp sludge and slag with different weight ratio. Influencing factors on the foaming phenomena have been studied and tested for better understanding of foaming phenomena. Experiments were carried out with $CaO-FeO-SiO_2$ based slags with Ar gas injection and addition of coke particles. The slag basicity and (%FeO) contents adapted as major factors to treasure foaming tendency of the slag system. It was found that foam index (${\Sigma}$) gradually decreased as both the basicity and the (FeO) content increase. Four kinds of antifoaming agent such as aluminium dross, cokes, rice bran and pulp sludge with steelmaking slag have been tested in actual process. Aluminium dross was the most effective, and pulp sludge with steelmaking slag also showed the desired results.