• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.27-33
• /
• 2019

산성배수가 발생하는 비탈면에서 생태적 녹화를 위한 산성배수 중화기법을 알아보기 위한 연구를 진행하였다. 산성배수중화기법을 위한 4가지 유형의(무처리, 석회고토 처리, 인산염 처리, 석회고토 + 인산염 처리) 시험구를 조성하였다. 실험결과 산도(pH), 피복율(%), 고사율(%), 식물뿌리상태 등에서 중화기법에 따른 유의차가 발생하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 중화기법에 따른 연구결과 (첫 번째 : 석회고토 + 인산염 처리, 두 번째 : 인산염 처리, 세 번째 : 석회고토 처리, 네 번째 : 무처리) 순서로 산도 중화 및 식물생장에 효과적이었다. 산성배수 비탈면에서 석회고토 처리와 인산염 처리는 토양산도 중화와 식물생장에 효과적이었으나, 석회고토 처리에 비해 인산염 처리가 더 효과적이었으며, 인산염 처리가 황화광물의 코팅 효과 때문에 토양산도 중화와 식물 생장에 더 효과적이라는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.43-57
• /
• 2022

Background: Avoidable mortality rate has been widely used as an indicator of the quality of health care and the degree of inequality in health levels. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the avoidable mortality rate in the region. Methods: The data was MDIS(Microdata Integrated Service) Causes of Death Statistics, and the analysis period was from 2010 to 2019. Panel analysis was performed to identify the influencing factors on the avoidable mortality rate. Findings: Result showed that the current smoking rate had a significant positive effects on the avoidable mortality rate of both men and women. And the smoking cessation trial rate, low salt diet rate, weight control trial rate, annual vaccination rate had a significant negative effect. In the social environment, the divorce rate had a significant positive effect. In the economy environment, financial independence and social welfare budget rate had a significant negative effect. In the physical environment, the factory area rate had a significant positive effect. Practical Implication: Practical implication in order to lower the local avoidable mortality rate, various social determinants of health as well as health care resources should be considered together.

• 대한임상독성학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.65-71
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the cause of acute fatal poisoning and the time of death by analyzing the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) of South Korea. Methods: The NEDIS data from 2014 to 2018 excluding non-medical visits were used for this study. The patients with acute poisoning were extracted using diagnostic codes. The toxic substances were classified into pharmaceuticals, pesticides, gases, artificial poisonous substances, and natural toxic substances. Patients were classified according to the time of death, place of death, and region. In each case, the most causative substances of poisoning were identified. Results: There were 380,531 patients including poisoning-related diagnoses, of which 4,148 (1.1%) died, and the WHO age-standardized mortality rate was 4.8 per 100,000. Analysis of 2,702 death patients whose primary diagnosis was acute poisoning, the most common cause of poisoning death was pesticides (62%), followed by therapeutic drugs, gas, and artificial toxic substances. Herbicides were the most common pesticides at 64.5%. The proportion of mortality by time, hyperacute (<6 h) 27.9%, acute (6-24 h) 32.6%, subacute (1-7 d) 29.7%, and delayed period (>7 d) were 9.8%. Conclusion: This study suggests that the most common cause of poisoning death was pesticides, and 60% of deaths occurred within 24 hours. The 71% of mortality from pesticides occurred within 6-24 hours, but mortality from gas was mostly within 6 hours. According to the geographic region, the primary cause of poisoning death was varied to pesticides or pharmaceuticals.

• 보험의학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.12-15
• /
• 2011

Background: The beneficial effects of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in primary and secondary prevention patients are well established. However, data on potential differences between both groups in mortality are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess extra risk differences between primary and secondary prevention ICD recipients. Methods: Comparative mortality figures were calculated from a source article using mortality analysis methods. Results: Mortality ratio (MR) of primary and secondary prevention ICD recipients were 393% and 373%. Excess death rates (EDR) of both groups were 42 and 38 per 1,000. Discussion: MR and EDR were higher in primary prevention group. But, there was no significant difference.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국독성학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.81-82
• /
• 2003

Recent studies suggest that inflammatory events are implicated in a variaty of human diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have beneficial effects for the treatment or prevention of these disorders. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the rate-limiting enzyme in the prostaglandin(PG) synthesis, is induced by various pro-inflammatory stimuli including nitric oxide(NO) and has been reported to cause and/or aggravate neuronal cell death.(omitted)

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.82-88
• /
• 1979

During the past 3 years, 15 patients who could not be anesthetized generally because of poor general condition or cachecic state, of 111 patients with empyema, have been treated with modified Eloesser`s operation under the local anesthesia with 2% procaine. There were 13 males and 2 females ranging from 21 years to 61 years of age. The etiology was tuberculosis [6 cases], pyogenic pneumonia [5 cases], lung abscess [1 case], post-trauma [2 cases] and malignancy[1 case]. " The over-all mortality rate was 6.7%[1 case] and cause of its death was poor oral feeding because of post-traumatic psychosis. Modified Eloesser`s operation was performed after closed tube thoracostomy and irrigation with 1% zephanon solution for over 2 weeks. And then the other operation was not performed and all patients except 1 case appeared good progression (Complete healing; 4 cases, Progressive healing 10 cases, death: 1 case).

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.411-414
• /
• 1996

Single subcutaneous administration to S.D rats of both sexes was performed to investigate the acute toxicity of Syndella gel, a new topical drug containing deproteinised dialysate of calf's blood and micronomicin sulfate. $LD_{50}$ values for S. D rats were 23,047 mg/kg for male and 23,725 mg/kg for female. The death occurred within 24 hours after administration at doses over 19,200 mg/kg. The main cause of death seemed to be respiratory disturbance by acute shock. Major general symptoms induced by injection subcutaneously with Syndella gel were underactivity, decreased respiratory rate, salivation, tremor and loss of consciousness. No significant body weight changes and gross findings of internal organs in treatment groups in comparison with those of control groups was observed at any dose levels in Syndella gel.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.76-82
• /
• 2002

Objective : To investigate the relationships of occupational class, educational level and deprivation with mortality in Korea Methods : This study used existing South Korean national data on occupation, educational level, and deprivation and death. Mortality was investigated using registered death data from 1993 to 1997 obtained from the Korean National Statistics Office (NSO) with denominators drawn from the 1995 Census. Statistical analysis consisted of poisson regression modeling and multilevel analysis. Results : The lower occupational class (manual workers) group had a higher mortality rate than the higher occupational class (non-manual workers) group Educational level, and deprivation were both inversely related withand mortality. Occupation was strongly associated with education. Area-based deprivation indicators and individual indices for social class made an independent contribution to the mortality risk. Conclusions : The findings of this study suggests that the relationships of occupational class, educational level and deprivation with mortality appears to be stronger in Korea than in European countries.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.34-40
• /
• 1980

Total 193 patients over 16 years of age who have underwent a surgical correction of congenital heart diseases during the period 1964 to September of 1979 were reviewed. 106 patients were male and 87 patients were female. 85 patients were in the ages of 16 years through 20 years. The oldest patient was 54 years old male who had atrial septal defect. The commonest defects were atrial septal defect that accounted for 66 cases [34.2%]. Ventricular septal defect was next one that accounted for 66 cases [34.2%]. Patients with tetralogy of Fallot defects were 34 cases [17.6%]. 25 cases had patent ductus arteriosus [13.0%]. Patients with pulmonary stenosis were 17 cases [8.8%] and transposition of the great arteries cases were 2 cases [1%]. There were 14 cases of operative death in this series. So operative mortality rate was 7.3%. The commonest cause of death was low output syndrome and next was renal failure. This reviewed series reveals the incidence of operable congenital heart defects appearing in adult cardiac surgical patients and an aggressive surgical approach can be justified with low operative mortality like as pediatric age group.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.43-47
• /
• 1994

Prompt recognition and proper treatment of esophageal perforation or rupture may ax~ert death or minimize complications. We have experienced sixteen patients of esophageal perforation at the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, Hallym Medical college during the period fromJan. 1986 to Sep. 1993. The ratio between male and female patient was 13:3 and their age ranged from 23 years to 67 years old. The major cause of esophageal perforations was spontaneous rupture in 7 cases[45%], surgical trauma in 2 cases[12%], instrumental trauma in 2 cases[12%], and others in 5 cases[31%]. The common site of esophageal perforation was in the lower third portion of the esophagus[10 cases, 62%]. The most consistent symptom of esophageal perforation was chest pain in 11 cases, temperature elevation within a few hours was 9 cases.Contrast roentgenographic studies demonstrated the perforation in all but 2 of the 16 patients. The frequent complications of esophageal perforation were empyema in 7 cases[45 %] and mediastinitis in 2 cases[12%]. fourteen patients had suture closure and drainage with 2 deaths, and 2 patient received only drainage procedures. The mortality rate was 12%[2 cases] and cause of death was sepsis and aortic rupture.