• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.34 no.3 s.95
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• pp.206-214
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• 2001

Water quality and Pollution state of Lake Chungcho were evaluated during three years from 1998 to 2000. We surveyed physicochemical parameters, and TSI (trophic state index) was calculated using TP, Chl. a, and SD (secchi disc transparency) data of growing season average. Water samples were collected bimonthly except freezing season. During the study period, total annual precipitation in 1998, 1999 and 2000 year was 1,797,1,722 and 1,345 mm, respectively. Salinity and conductivity were high($29.3{\pm}5.5\;ppt$, and $45,105{\pm}7,585\;{\mu}S/cm$) then other lagoons in the Eastern Coast of Korea. Chemocline was formed by salinity at $0.5{\sim}1.5\;m$ water depth. As a result of this, DO concentration of hypolimnion was below $3.0\;mgO_2/L$. Especially, when intense chemocline was formed, temperature of hypolimnion was higher than epilimnion. Secchi disc transparency, chlorophyll a, and COD were $1.8{\pm}0.3\;m$, $15.7{\pm}20.7\;mg/m^3$, and $3.1{\pm}0.8\;mgO_2/L$, respectively. Most of TN/TP ratios below 20, but concentration of TN and TP was high. Values of TSI ranged between 59 and 77, indicating a eutrophic condition in this system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.106 no.2
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• pp.111-120
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• 2017

The best source of information on the conservation status of species at a global scale is the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Until now, 236 vascular plants from Korean peninsula have been evaluated using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. It indicated that five taxa were considered as critically endangered, 20 as endangered and nine as vulnerable species as a threatened status. On the other hand, the rest (189 taxa) were assessed as a least concern, which did not qualify for threatened species categories. Korea Ministry of Environment published a revised version of 57 species list by re-classifying endangered species with idiosyncratic qualitative criteria for two levels (I and II) followed by status reviews in 2011. However, two thirds species proposed by Ministry of Environment do not qualify as threatened. The major difficulties found in applying IUCN Red List criteria at the global scale was a lack of knowledge on the status of species at broader geographic scales and the perceived difficulty the causes. The lack of consistency between two lists constrains the prioritization of species-based conservation work at the national level. Due to a lack of centralized monitoring data for most species, this status is largely qualitatively and so it carries a high level of uncertainty. This is reflected in the high number of species with an unknown population trend. The current list of endangered species of flora and fauna by the Ministry of Environment should be recognized as the national list (local and population extinction), which is different from the IUCN Red list due to the different geographical contexts. Also, it is necessary to improve the quality of evaluation and conservation management system rather than presenting massive number of endangered species list.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.95-113
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• 2008

In todays environment in which scientific technologies are changing very fast than ever, companies have to monitor and search emerging technologies to gain competitiveness. Actually many nations try to do that. Most of them use Dephi approach based on experts review as a searching method. But experts review has been criticised for probability of inclination and its derivative problems in the sense that it is accomplished only by expert's subjectivity. To overcome such problems, we used Scientometric Method for identifying emerging technology that had been done by Delphi as a rule. We made three particular efforts in order to improve the Quality of the result. Firstly, we selected one alternative database between SCI and Scopus hoping to see evenly-distributing results in wide fields on the front burner. Secondly we used Fractional citation counting in counting citation number in the stage of linear regression analysis. Lastly, we verified Scientometric result with experts opinions to minimize probable errors in a Scientometric research. As a result, we derived 290 emerging technologies from Scientometric analysis with Scopus Database, and visualized them on 2-dimension map with data mining system named KnowledgeMatrix which was developed by KISTI.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.119-126
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• 2011

During precise survey on the top of High rise buildings and civil structures, optical surveying equipments like a Total Station are not recommended to use because of some reasons that uneasier alignment with reflectors located at the top of building, increasing error depends on increasement of observation distance and unavailable dynamic positioning etc. Recently various GPS positioning methods have been applied to this job however almost of them are post-processing method which is required much longer time during for whole process includes stake-out, cross checking, fixing positions and final inspections. Therefore, in this study, we applied with RTK surveying system which allows stake-out and inspection in realtime to avoid delaying of construction schedule and also applied with Quasi Static RTK measurement and network adjustment to get a high accuracy within a few millimeters in structure positioning to achieve a successful management for process and quality control of the project. As a result, very high accurate surveying for structures within approx. 2mm in realtime has been achieved when surveyor conduct a network adjustment using least square method for 4 base lines created by Quasi Static RTK data and we expect this method will be applied to construction survey for high rise buildings and civil structures in the future.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.499-508
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• 2004

Changwon City first constructed riverbank filtration plants in Book-Myeon and Daesan-Myeon in Korea in the year 2001. This study evaluated hydrogeological characteristics and groundwater flow simulation between the Nakdong River and the fluvial aquifers adjacent to the river in Book-Myeon, Changwon City. The groundwater simulation calculated the influx rate from the Nakdong River and the fluvial aquifers to pumping wells through the riverbank filtration system. The groundwater flow model utilized drilling, grain size analysis, pumping test, groundwater level measurements, river water discharge and rainfall data. Hydraulic heads calculated by the steady-state model closely matched measured heads in pumping and observation wells. According to the transient flow model, using a total pumping amount of 14,000 $m^3$/day, the flux into the pumping wells from the Nakdong River accounts for 8,390 $m^3$/day (60%), 590 $m^3$/day (4%) is from the aquifer in the rectilinea. direction to the Nakdong River, and 5,020 $m^3$/day (36%) is from the aquifer in the parallel direction to the Nakdong River. The particle tracking analysis shows that a particle from the Nakdong River moves toward the pumping wells at a rate of about 1.85 m/day and a particle from the aquifer moves toward the pumping wells at a rate of about 0.75 m/day. This study contributes to surface water/groundwater management modeling, and helps in understanding, how seasonal change affects pumping rates, water quality, and natural recharge.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.313-323
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• 2016

Water temperature affects physical and biological processes in ecologies on river system and is important conditions for growth rate and spawning of fish species. The objective of this study is to compare models for water temperature during the summer season for the Fourchue River (St-Alexandre-de-Kamouraska, Quebec, Canada). For this, three different models, which are CEQUEAU, Auto-regressive Moving Average with eXogenous input and Nonlinear Autoregressive with eXogenous input, were applied and compared. Also, future water temperature in the Fourchue river were simulated and analyzed its result based on the CMIP5 climate models, RCP 2.6, 4.5, 8.5 climate change scenarios. As the result of the study, the water temperature in the Fourchue river are actually changed and median water temperature will increase $0.2{\sim}0.7^{\circ}C$ in June and could decrease by $0.2{\sim}1.1^{\circ}C$ in September. Also, the UILT ($24.9^{\circ}C$) for brook trout are also likely to occurred for several days.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.399-405
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• 2016

The purpose of current study was to examine how the attitudes toward culture and the experiences of cultural exchanges could influence on the multi-cultural awareness in health science college students in South Korea. Convenience sampling was conducted for data collection; thus, total 407 health science college students of ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ University in K province were recruited and asked to complete the survey for this study. As a result, those who had the experiences of contacting immigrants, had the experiences of contacting immigrants via the school activities, and took the classes related with multi-culturalism showed high multi-cultural awareness. In addition, attitudes toward culture and experiences of cultural exchanges showed positive relationship with a multi-cultural awareness. At last, based on the regression analysis, attitudes toward culture and experiences of cultural exchanges showed significant influences on the multi-cultural awareness in health science college students in South Korea. Health science students could play important role in immigrants' physical and psychological health care in the future. Based on the findings of this study, we strongly suggest to provide proper education and various activities of multi-culturalism to those students. It would lead to a high quality of care and firm health care system for the immigrant population residing South Korea.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.79-93
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception and need for the revised child care practicum (January, 2017) in Korea. The participants were in three groups: 32 directors, 143 child care teachers and 130 pre-service teachers. Questionnaire were used ot collect the data and t-test, x-test and ANOVA were done for analysis. All three groups responded positively for the revised edition (extending the period of practicum from 4 weeks to 6 weeks). And perceived the extending the period is necessary for the quality of child care centers. Directors with the higher level of education perceived the revision clearly than others. Most of teachers perceived the change through teacher retraining program. All groups pointed out for the implementing the revised edition successfully, supporting and cooperative system is in need for three groups.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.45-72
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• 2012

This work uses data associated with business activity and outcome on the five main SOGO-SHOSYA and considers meaning of its outcome and logistics function in energy business field in recent 10 years. The contents of this work embody three chapters, which are an investigation on advanced research, an analysis of SOGO-SHOSYA business outcome, logistics function in its energy business field, Research method are used by statistical analysis and organizational structure analysis as well as case study. We will search for the reason that the energy business has worked well lately. There are actively securing interests of energy exploitation and longer-term investment to affiliated companies, building supply chain system with internal and external businesses. Especially, we will account for the logistics role of SOGO-SHOSYA that has newly understood the international logistics function in energy business field. SOGO-SHOSYA has coordinated organizationally from upstream to downstream in energy business, is showing its abilities in midstream related features that involve investor, organizer and analyst. SOGO-SHOSYA's building up logistics function will help supply chain in energy business for rising the competitiveness of price and quality, and support cost-reducing in activities of supply chain.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.583-598
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• 2022

As human-based tunnel inspections are affected by the subjective judgment of the inspector, making continuous history management difficult. There is a lot of deep learning-based automatic crack detection research recently. However, the large public crack datasets used in most studies differ significantly from those in tunnels. Also, additional work is required to build sophisticated crack labels in current tunnel evaluation. Therefore, we present a method to improve crack detection performance by inputting existing datasets into a deep learning model. We evaluate and compare the performance of deep learning models trained by combining existing tunnel datasets, high-quality tunnel datasets, and public crack datasets. As a result, DeepLabv3+ with Cross-Entropy loss function performed best when trained on both public datasets, patchwise classification, and oversampled tunnel datasets. In the future, we expect to contribute to establishing a plan to efficiently utilize the tunnel image acquisition system's data for deep learning model learning.