• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.8B no.5
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• pp.463-468
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• 2001

We propose a new similarity measure based on relative membership function (RMF). In this paper, the RMF is suggested to represent the relativity between fuzzy subsets easily. Since the shape of the RMF is determined according to the values of its parameters, we can easily represent the relativity between fuzzy subsets by adjusting only the values of its parameters. Hence, we can easily reflect the relativity among individuals or cultural differences when we represent the subjectivity by using the fuzzy subsets. In this case, these parameters may be regarded as feature points for determining the structure of fuzzy subset. In the sequel, the degree of similarity between fuzzy subsets can be quickly computed by using the parameters of the RMF. We use Euclidean distance to compute the degree of similarity between fuzzy subsets represented by the RMF. In the meantime, we present a new linguistic approximation method as an application area of the proposed similarity measure and show its numerical example.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.77-93
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• 2007

According to documentary records Woljeong-gyo(stone bridge) is built in 760(Silla the 35th King Gyeongdeok 19) and used as original function until 1280(Goryeo the 25th King Chungryeol 6) as Chunyang-gyo. But in those days "Donggyeongjapgi" was published in 1669(Joseon Hyeonjong 10) we assume that it was lost its original function. There are four pier in the type of a ship with the same distance in the middle of river. We can see it is the site of bridge as parts of stonework of bridge are remained. In 1975 the abutments and piers are surveyed and in 1984 stone investigation twice and excavation three times which were to plan restoration were done. Now the restoration of abutments both ends are worked. For restoration of Woljeong-gyo studied documentary records and excavation recoeds were collected and examined. It helped to see the bridge in southern China twice to restore the bridge. Unearthed articles such as yeonham(a kind of member to support roof tiles) and giwa(roof tile) gave decisive clues to assume upper structure of the bridge and from Chinese bridges are helped to type of the bridge. It is certain Woljeong-gyo was ranggyo which means that upper structure was made with wooden members and the stone piers shaped of a ship below and near the abutments both ends another buildings were. Youngjocheok(the architectural measure) of this bridge is similar to gokcheok(the metal measure, 301.84mm) used now that the length of piers is 46choek(尺), the width of that is 9choek(尺), the length between two piers is 42choek(尺), the length between abutment and pier is 38choek(尺). Also we can see that entirely the length of the bridge is 210choek(尺), width is 40choek(尺).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.390-398
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• 2012

This study examined the present condition of the closed elementary school in the Yeongi province, where much of the area will be transformed into the city of Se-Jong, and suggested the renewal plan in the future. Among the twelve(12) schools, eight(8) that have transferred to private sectors were analyzed in respect to lot size, present usage, surroundings, means of approach, and distance from the most populated area, ect.. Additionally, interview with the management official of school board was taken in place. The findings include: two(2) schools that are located nearer then others to the newly-born city can be rehabilitated as educational facility, such as training institute and cultural experience place. Other six(6) schools can be utilized as senior citizens' center, community center, medical substation, hobby farm, or even community warehouse.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.15-18
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• 2013

This paper is concerned with the Performance and Reliability Certification for fire detection system in outdoor area such small and middle sized cultural assets, natural monument and outdoor facilities. Especially, if a fire were to occur in vulnerable area, it is difficulty to detect a fire. therefore we propose a high efficiency and low cost unmanned fire detection system in capable of an early detection regardless spontaneously fire or firebug. for Adoption of Intelligent Fire Detection System with movable and unmanned function breaking from the existing Conventional Fire Detection System, this Range of R&D includes the Performance test, Function test, Field test, Flame Detection test and EMI/EMS Compliance test. the Result data of Performance test, Function test and Field test is generally good during 3 months. also we checked that thermal variation test and EMI/EMS compliance test are good result data within allowable range. As a result of general test, we verified improvement results that the measure distance of fire detection extend 75 m, the Power of waiting time increase 4 hours, the Power of operation time increase 3 days and the context awareness with video as well as sensors.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.394-417
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• 2008

The population of Korean Society is aging rapidly at a pace which is unprecedented in the world. This demographic change results in the various socioeconomic and cultural changes accompanied by spatial changes. The purpose of this study is to examine major characteristics of residential medical facilities for the elderly and the life of those using the facilities of the Capital Region in Korea. Major findings of the study are as follows. The characteristics of the location of residential medical facilities for the elderly and the life of those using the facilities are influenced not only by the mobility of the elderly. but also by the distance between the facilities and Seoul and also by the residential environments of the facilities. The location of the facilities and the mobility of the elderly, followed by the residential location of the family have an effect on everyday life of the elderly. Therefore, the location for residential medical facilities is not recommended to be far from the metropolitan area.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.73-83
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• 1993

Recently, large APT complexes are newly constructed in Taegu city and among them, large APT complexes aggegate densly espically in Weolsung and Jisan complexes of Dalsuh-gu and Susung-gu districts. The purpose of this thesis is to perform occupants' apprasials about residential environment on the housewifes residing at new constructed APT who seem tn have different apprasials on the residential environment by the zones. The results of the investigations are as follows. 1. House possessed type and house sire got elevated in comparison with them before shifting residence in respect to residential property and it was revealed they moved to short distance in the change of their lands. And most occupants could choose their houses by looting-out and there's some difference in the choice motive according to the zones. 2. As a result of studying the relation between demographic and residential properties, there were deep differe-nces in the Possessed house type before move, possessed house size after move, preferenti-al degree of house and move plan. 3. In the degree of satisfaction on residential environment, the result was high in the order of heating facilities, water-supply and draining facilities and lighting and was low in the order of room's size, interior decoration and soundproofin. According to zones, there was a great difference in the items of room's size, privacy, heating facilities, securi-ty from calamity, ventilation, convenience of traffic and school group and facilities for extracurricular activities and the degree of satisfaction was high in Jisan zone in othe items except for room's size and heating facilities. 4. In the tenants' apprasials on tile inside and outside spaces of the zones, important factors were "Cultural Institutions", "Green Areas", "Level of Welfare Facilities" and "Utility degree of welfare facilities" and in the classification of important factors according to the zones, the first and the third factors were changed each other. I think this is because they attached importance to somethings dissatisfied in present circumstances.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2002

For the excavation of the rock, blast method is put into operation in most of the construction site in Korea. In comparison to other methods of excavation, blast method has many merits such as improvement in efficiency in operation, reducement of operation period, and etc. However, blast operation also creates much loss due to the blast vibration, noise, and fly rocks. Thus, in this study, we have examined main features, rock fragmentation effect and the application of plasma method the one of shallow vibration method. In this study, the attenuation exponent of blast method operated in the site was 1.39~1.40 and that of the plasma method was analysed to be 1.45~2.23. From the location where the distance between excavation location and observation location was over 15 m, most of excavation vibration were measured to be less than 0.2 kine(cm/sec), which is also the allowed standard value of sensitive buildings, such as cultural assets and computer facilities. According to the result of FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) analysis, the frequency measured through blast method in this site was 30~50 Hz and the frequency of plasma method ranges in between 30~130 Hz.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2020

What has been rapidly changed and developed is not only technology, but also language and culture, of which the diverse consensus has been speedily formed between generations and spread throughout all the social grades. Therefore, Neologisms need to be understood as part of the cultural history that is created at each period. We cannot keep neologisms, initially formed among the youths, from spreading all over the generations, not just for their enjoyment, convenience, and familiarity, but more for the fact that they are impossible to be replaced in use. Another reason is that a community is created according to language. The youths would like to make distance from the existing community by building an invisible wall of new language. This paper is intended to deal with neologisms, centered on visual pun. The characteristics of the Neologisms are the result of the tendency of the younger generation to avoid interference and to enjoy adding ingenuity to the existing order.That is why in all ages Neologisms are created, and although they differ in form, the principles of new word generation are old. We will also consider the historical characteristics of neologism in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.3-12
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to propose a framework to analyse the educational effects and outcome of the boarding middle school established following the merger and abolition of small schools in rural area. According to the decrease in birth rate and reduction of population in rural area, primary schools have brought about many problems for decrease of number of student, and environment of education have became deteriorated. Accordingly, primary schools be required improvement, and it should be altered placement of schools because it change number of student, distance and time of attending school, and formation of school zone are changed by alternating of human and physical environment. Merger and abolition of primary school is inevitable for change of placement standard to primary school and qualitative improvement of environment of education in rural area. This study suggests 1)educational effects and outcome, 2)changes and benefits of student's living conditions, 3)social effects to local community, and 4)economical efficiency analysis as a new framework to evaluate the validity of establishing a school. It sets up a hypothesis that the students, parents and community satisfy the boarding school in rural area, a school record be improved and the abolition of schools have little effect on community. Finally, it emphasizes that in order to success the policy of the merger of small schools and the boarding middle school, it be attributed to the social-cultural environment based on local residents and community and required provision of a variety of utilization plans reflecting local specifics and guarantee of local residents' participation and selection.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.912-930
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• 2016

This paper suggests to bring the idea of social construction of nature or social nature discussed in social science including geography to geographical and environmental education for breaking traditional divide of people(or society) and nature. And this paper analyzed relationship between people and nature, meaning of environment and the concepts of social nature represented in the geography curriculum and textbook of England, Australia and Korea. Recently in terms of focusing disciplines or education on integration or convergence, introduction of social nature in teaching and learning geography and environment has an important implication. With rapid growth of capitalism, nature is constructed socially by the political, economical, social and cultural practice. Thus geography education reduces the distance between human geography and physical geography and needs to focus on exploring not just the relationship between people and nature but social construction of nature. Another implication of the introduction of social nature in teaching and learning geography and environment is that students can develop the relational sensitivity about the relationship people and nature or people and place.