• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.123-139
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• 2019

Impact forces induced by external object collisions can cause serious damages to civil engineering structures. While accurate and prompt identification of such impact forces is a critical task in structural health monitoring, it is not readily feasible for civil structures because the force measurement is extremely challenging and the force location is unpredictable for full-scale field structures. This study proposes a novel approach for identification of impact force including its location and time history using a small number of multi-metric observations. The method combines an augmented Kalman filter (AKF) and Genetic algorithm for accurate identification of impact force. The location of impact force is statistically determined in the way to minimize the AKF response estimate error at measured locations and then time history of the impact force is accurately constructed by optimizing the error co-variances of AKF using Genetic algorithm. The efficacy of proposed approach is numerically demonstrated using a truss and a plate model considering the presence of modelling error and measurement noises.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.215-220
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• 1996

Impact force and strains induced by impact between the occluder and the struts have been measured with force sensor and strain gages. The maximum reaction force was about 25N, and the calculated impact force on the root of the struts amount about 9-17W. Impact force on the inlet strut is greater than that of the outlet strut, but the strain on the outlet strut is much higher than that of the inlet strut. These values might cause severe damage on the valve in the critical cases. The results of this study may be extended for the analysis of the endurance limit and optimal design of the struts and occluder.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.167-171
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• 1996

Impact force and strains induced by impact between the occluder and the struts have been measured with force senfor and strain gages. The maximum reaction force was about 25N, and the calculated impact force on the root of the struts amount about $9{\sim}17N$. Impact force on the inlet strut is greater than that of the outlet strut, but the strain on the outlet strut is much higher than that of the inlet strut. These values might cause severe damage on the valve in the critical cases. The results of this study may be extended for the analysis of the endurance limit and optimal design of the struts and occluder.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.193-209
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• 2016

In this study, wave force tests were carried out for the four types of offshore support structures with scale factor 1:25 and wave forces to the support structure shapes were investigated. As the results of this study, it was found that, as the wave period increased at the normal wave condition, wave force decreased for the most cases. Extreme wave force was affected by the impact wave force. Impact wave force of this study significantly effect on Monopile and slightly on GBS and Hybrid type. Accordingly, Hybrid type indicated even lower wave force at the extreme and irregular wave conditions than the Monopile although Hybrid type indicated higher wave force at the normal wave condition of the regular wave because of the larger wave area of wave body. In respects of the structural design, since critical loading is extreme wave force, it should be contributed to improve structural safety of offshore support structure. However, since the impact wave force has nonlinearity and complication dependent on the support structure shape, wave height, wave period, and etc., more research is needed to access the impact wave force for other support structure shapes and wave conditions.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.812-818
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• 2001

The drop type impact test and finite element analysis are established for examining the buckling behavior of a square tube under the lateral impact load. Based on these results, the effects by the boundary conditions for supporting the structure are reviewed, which are as follows. One is pinned condition by screw; the other is fixed by welding. The critical impact force and acceleration by test are nearly same between two cases. However, the critical impact velocity of the pinned condition is higher than that of the fixed case. Therefore, the dynamic buckling behavior of a pinned structure is better than the fixed condition in view of critical impact velocity. These test and analysis results will be adaptable for predicting the dynamic structural integrity of a tube structure not only the axial impact event but the lateral impact event.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.244-249
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• 2011

The potential hazards resulting from a low-velocity impact (bird-strike, tool drop, runway debris, etc.) on aircraft structures, such as engine nacelle or a leading edges, has been a long-term concern to the aircraft industry. Certification authorities require that exposed aircraft components must be tested to prove their capability to withstand low-velocity impact without suffering critical damage. In most of the past research studies unloaded specimens have been used for impact tests, however, in reality it is much more likely that a composite structure is exposed to a certain stress state when it is being impacted, which can have a significant effect on the impact performance. And the radiated impact sound induced by impact is analyzed for the damage detection evaluation. In this study, an investigation was undertaken to evaluate the effect in-plane loading on the impact force and sound of composite laminates numerically.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권4B호
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• pp.323-332
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• 2011

하천에서 수목의 관리를 위해서는 수목이 홍수에 미치는 영향이나 생태적 특성을 고려하여 대책을 수립하여야 한다. 수목에 의한 수리학적 영향은 통수능 감소와 유수력에 의한 전도로 인한 하류 하천시설물의 기능 저해이다. 현장 인발시험은 수목이 전도될 때의 최대 저항력을 측정하여, 하천 내의 수목이 외력에 저항하는 정도를 파악하기 위해 시행하였다. 수목의 전도모멘트를 파악하기 위한 인자는 수목의 외형적 특성인 수종, 흉고직경, 수고 등이며, 본 연구에서는 전도모멘트와 흉고 직경의 상관관계를 이용하였다. 수목의 한계 전도모멘트는 흉고직경 4.9-32.8 cm의 관목과 교목 100주를 바탕으로 검토되었다. 교목과 관목을 함께 고려할 경우에는 흉고직경과 한계 전도모멘트의 상관관계를 도출하기 어려웠다. 그러나 교목만을 고려할 경우에는 흉고직경과 한계 전도모멘트 사이에 일정한 상관관계가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2012

The potential hazards resulting from a low-velocity impact(bird-strike, tool drop, runway debris, etc.) on aircraft structures, such as engine nacelle or leading edges has been a long-term concern to the aircraft industry. Certification authorities require that exposed aircraft components must be tested to prove their capability to withstand low-velocity impact without suffering critical damage. In most of the past research studies unloaded specimens have been used for impact tests, however, in reality it is much more likely that a composite structure is exposed to a certain stress state when it is being impacted, which can have a significant effect on the impact performance. And the radiated impact sound induced by impact is analyzed for the damage detection evaluation. In this study, an investigation was undertaken to evaluate the effect in-plane loading on the impact force and sound of composite laminates numerically.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.175-187
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find the relationship between Achilles tendon angle, angular velocity from 2D cinematography utilized to easily analyze the functions of shoes, ankle joint moment, knee joint moment, and hip joint moment from 3D cinematography utilized to predict the injury. Also, this study was to provide the optimal standard to analyze the injury related to the shoes. Subjects in this study were 30 university male students and 18 conditions (2 types of running speed, 3 of midsole hardness, 3 of midsole height) were measured using cinematography and force platform. The results were as following. 1) Hip joint abduction moment was effected by many variables such as running speed, midsole height, maximum achilles tendon angle, ground reaction force. 2) Knee joint rotational moment in running was approximately 1/10 - 1/4 times of the injury critical value and eversion moment was approximately 1/4 - 1/2 times of the injury critical value. 3) Ankle joint pronation moment in running was 1/3 - 1/2 times of the injury critical value. 4) Knee joint rotational moment was found to be irrelevant with maximum achilles tendon angle or angular velocity. 5) Pronation from running was thought to be relevant to rather eversion moment activity than rotational moment activity of knee joint. 6) Plantar flexion abductor of ankle showed significant relationship with the ground reaction force variable. 7) When the loading rate for ground reaction force in passive region increased, extensor tended to be exposed to the injury. Main variables in biomechanical analysis of shoes were impact absorption and pronation. Among these variables, pronation factor was reported to be relevant with knee injury from long duration exercise. Achilles tendon angle factor was utilized frequently to evaluate this. However, as the results of this study showed, the relationship between these variables and injury relating variable of knee moment was so important. Studies without consideration on this finding should be reconsidered and reconfirmed.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.161-169
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• 1993

The elimination of chatter vibration is necessary to improve the precision and the productivity of the cutting operation. A new mathematical model of chatter vibration is presented in order to predict the dynamic cutting force from the static cutting data. The dynamic cutting force is analytically expressed by the static cutting coefficient and the dynamic cutting coefficient which can be determined from the cutting mechanics. The stability analysis is carried out by a two degree of freedom system. The chatter experiments are conducted by exciting the cutting tool with an impact hammer during an orthogonal cutting. A good agreement is shown between the stability limits predicted by theory and the critical width of cut determined by experiments.