• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.341-346
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• 2019

Background: Although the concept of workload is important to nursing practice, only a few nursing researchers have focused on the issue of workload within the nursing context. Knowledge of how the dynamics of workload affects the job stress of nurses working in a specific unit or department in a hospital setting, and the influence of coworker support on this relationship, still remains limited. This study, therefore examined the effect of workload on job stress of Ghanaian outpatient department nurses and the moderating effect of coworker support on this relationship. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used, and questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 216 outpatient department nurses from four major hospitals in Ghana. The data collected measured workload, job stress, and coworker support using National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Task Load Index, job stress scale, and coworker support scale, respectively. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and hierarchical regression. Results: High levels of workload were associated with high levels of job stress of the nurses. Also, higher levels of workload were related to higher levels of job stress for nurses who received high levels of coworker support, but this was not the case for those who received low levels of coworker support (reserve buffering effect). Conclusion: The finding reiterates the adverse effect of workloads on employees' health, and the reverse buffering effect implies that supporting a colleague at work should be conveyed in a positive manner devoid of negative appraisal.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.15-20
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• 2016

Purpose - The aim of this article is to outline the concept of work engagement and the importance of job resources including supervisor support and coworker support pertaining to work engagement. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The article discusses the concept of work engagement and what empirical evidences suggest about its relationship with job resources including supervisor and coworker support. Result - Critical review of the literature has indicated towards strengths and pitfalls of social support resources including supervisor and coworker at work, particularly with regards to work engagement thus, requiring further empirical attention. Accordingly, the article has also indicated towards the critical significance of meaningful work for fostering employee well-being at work. Conclusions - The article has highlighted noteworthy empirical gaps in the body of knowledge concerning to job resources including supervisor support and coworker support and their relationship with work engagement. The article has also underlined the lack of research and potential of 'meaningful work' towards enhancing work engagement as well as, acting as a moderator between supervisor support, coworker support and work engagement relationship.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 2018

Purpose: This descriptive study investigated the effects of authentic leadership and coworker support on psychological well-being of staff nurses. Methods: The participants were 166 staff nurse working in university hospital located in D city. Data were collected from July 1 2017 to 31, 2017. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression. Results: The regression model that included demographics and coworker support explained about 40.0% of psychological well-being. Marital status, nurse satisfaction, turnover experience, and coworker support were the predictors of psychological well-being in staff nurses. Conclusion: Coworker support was an important predictor of the psychological well-being of staff nurse. Therefore, strategics to improve coworker support are needed to increase psychological well-being in the clinical field.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.243-249
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between job stress, coworker support, emotional stability and burnout, and to examine the mediating effect of coworker support and emotional stability. A total of 212 noncommissioned officers were interviewed and correlation and mediating effect analysis were applied to the resulting data. As a result, the job stress showed a positive correlation with coworker support, emotional stability and negative correlation with burnout, and coworker support and emotional stability showed a negative correlation with burnout. In addition, coworker support and emotional stability were partially mediated by job stress and burnout. However, in order to examine the relationship between these two, the double mediation between job stress and burnout showed that the emotional stability of job stress was partially mediated directly by burnout, and that coworker support was mediated by burnout only through emotional stability. Based on these results, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.71-81
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• 2018

Purpose - Our research aims to investigate the mediating effect of employee creativity on the relationship between intrinsic motivation and job performance using relationship using Chinese department salespeople samples. Another objective of this study is to be clear boundary conditions that strengthen or weaken the effects of intrinsic motivation on work outcomes (i.e., employee creativity and job performance). Drawing on JD-R theory, we suggest that the two types of coworker support play differential moderating roles in the intrinsic motivation, employee creativity relationship by increasing or decreasing job resources and demands in different ways. Research design, data, and methodology - This empirical study data were collected from gathered from a sample of full time salespeople in China. A total of 550 questionnaires were distributed and 300 responses were collected, indicating a response rate of 84.0%. Working with a sample of 300 salespeople working in a department store in China. SPSS 18.0, Process 2.16 Macro, and M-Plus 8.0 software were used in the data analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the distribution of the employee profiles and correlations between variables. M-Plus 8.0 software was used to test the model fit, validity and reliability of the variables. Finally, all research hypotheses was estimated by SPSS Macro 2.16. Results - To test our research hypotheses, we employed an analytical strategy suggested by Hayes (2013; 2015) and Shrout and Bolger (2002). In this study, we tested the relationship between intrinsic motivation and job performance throughout employee creativity. Results showed intrinsic motivation and job performance was partially mediated by employee creativity. The positive relationship between intrinsic motivation and employee creativity when coworker emotional support was high than when it was low. In contrast, the positive association between intrinsic motivation and employee creativity was stronger when coworker instrumental support was low than when it was high. Coworker emotional and instrumental support further moderated the indirect effect of intrinsic motivation on job performance through employee creativity. Conclusions - This study extends the conceptual model and empirical researches in coworker supports literature by representing a fundamental mechanism of how salespeople's intrinsic motivation and job performance throughout employee creativity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.53-59
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• 2018

This study was to investigate the moderating effect of the social support in the relationship between job stress and emotional burnout of insurance call center consultants. Participants in this study were 186 consultants working in insurance call center. They completed survey questionnaires of job stress, emotional burnout and social support. Collected data was examined using correlation analyses and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. There was a positive relationship between job stress and emotional burnout and a negative relationship between emotional burnout and coworker support. Also, it was found that the social support(supervisor support, coworker support) moderated the relationship between job stress and emotional burnout of insurance call center consultants. The implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.67-75
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• 2015

This paper reviewed the relationship between emotional labor and service quality, and the moderating effect of superior and coworker support. Based on the responses from 520 hotel employees, the results of multiple regression analysis appeared as follow; 1) deep acting affected positively on all service quality factors(responsiveness, empathy, reliability). 2) surface acting didn't affect significantly on all service quality factors(responsiveness, empathy, reliability). 3) coworker support affected positively on the relationship between deep acting and responsiveness. 4) superior support affected positively on the relationship between deep acting and responsiveness, and on the relationship between surface acting and responsiveness.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.121-129
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of encounters with customer violence on the mental health of customer service workers, and to verify the moderating effect of coworker support. Methods: Workers who indicated that they engaged directly with individuals other than coworkers for more than 25% of their working hours, such as customers, passengers, students, and patients, were the focus of the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey in 2020. A total of 13,682 people were chosen as the final research subjects, responses from dishonest respondents who had picked "don't know/no answer" or indicated "reject" to pertinent topics such mental health level, were discarded. After adjusting for socio-demographic and vocational characteristics that influence mental health in customer service workers, a hierarchical regression analysis was executed, which incorporated input on customer violence experiences, coworker support, and interaction terms on a step-by-step basis. Results: It transpired that interactions with customer violence had a negative impact on workers' mental health. Additionally, it was shown that workers' mental health status as coworker support increased. Conclusion: This study's limitations include differences in the period the questions were posed, and limitations in interpretation to all workers. And it is difficult to determine the relationship between the frequency of customer violence, occupational characteristics and mental health. Despite its limitations, this study makes an important contribution toward fostering an environment where coworkers can continue to help one another.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.307-316
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the influence of emotional expressivity, emotional intelligence, affectivity, job autonomy, social support, and emotional labor on clinical nurses' individual well-being and to provide guidelines for interventions and strategies for its improvement. Methods: The sample consisted of 207 nurses recruited from a general hospital in Korea. The participants completed a structured self-report questionnaire comprising measures of emotional expressivity, emotional intelligence, positive affectivity, negative affectivity, job autonomy, supervisor support, coworker support, deep acting, surface acting, emotional exhaustion, and job satisfaction. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistics 22.0 and AMOS 22.0. Results: The final model was a good fit for the data based on the model fit indices. In the path analysis, surface acting, negative affectivity, supervisor support, and coworker support had statistically significant effects on emotional exhaustion, explaining 29.0% of the variance. Deep acting, emotional exhaustion, positive affectivity, and emotional intelligence had statistically significant effects on job satisfaction, explaining 43.0% of the variance. Conclusion: Effective strategies to improve clinical nurses' individual well-being should focus on surface acting, deep acting, affectivity, social support, and emotional intelligence. The results of this study can be utilized as base data to manage emotional labor and improve clinical nurses' individual well-being.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5314-5324
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• 2015

The present study was intended to measure the relationship between job stress and job satisfaction among nurses working for a general hospitals. The self-administered questionnaires were given to 312 nurses during the period from February 25 to March 16, 2013. As a results, the level of job satisfaction of subjects was significantly lower in high group than low group in job demand, but it was significantly lower in low group than high group in job control, supervisor support and coworker support. In correlations, job satisfaction were found to be in a negative correlation with job demand, whereas in positive correlation with job control, supervisor and coworker support. In logistic analysis, the odds ratio of job satisfaction on job demand were significantly increased in the high group than in low group, but job control supervisor and coworker support were significantly decreased in the high group than in low group. In hierarchial multiple regression analysis, the affecting factors to the job satisfaction was selected variables such as educational background, work station, subject satisfaction of work, career choice motives, turnover experience, job stress contents(job demand, job control, supervisor support and coworker support). especially, job stress contents was significantly increased of explanatory power of job satisfaction. It suggested that the level of job satisfaction got more power by addition of job stress contents.