• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2005

국내에서 재배한 Kenaf의 해부학적 특성을 광학현미경법으로 조사하였다. Kenaf의 수피부에는 인피섬유, 사부방사조직, 피층유세포 등이 존재하였고, 목질부는 도관, 목섬유, 방사조직 등으로 구성되어 있었다. 도관은 고립관공과 2~3개가 방사방향으로 복합한 복합관공이 많이 존재하였고, 방사조직은 평복, 직립, 방형세포가 모두 분포하고 있었다. 접선단면에서 방사조직은 단열 및 다열방사조직으로 구성되었다. 수피부의 인피섬유층은 생장기간과 함께 증가하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.14-23
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• 1987

This study was carried out to investigate the anatomical characteristics, the radial and axial variation of the cell dimension and bulk density for four bamboo species used as the major material of bamboo products in Korea; Phyllostachys(P.bambusoides, P.edulis, P.nigra var.henonis, and Pnigra). The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1) In the outer part of culm, the mophological difference of cell diameter and distribution were not acknowledged. However, gum-like substance was occurred In the epidermis, hypodermis, cortex and metaxylem vessel of P.nigra, while it was occured only in the metaxylem vessel of P.edulis. 2) The protoxylem vessel in the central zone of culm-wall could be in the two types; the first type consisted of 4-5 small cell pieces occurred in P.edulis and P.nigra var. henonis, the second type of 1-2 large cell pieces in P.bambusoides and P.nigra. And transition of cell diameter from the vascular bundle sheath to the ground tissue was gradually enlarged in P.nigra and P.edulis but abruptly in P.bambusoides and P.nigra var. henonis. 3) Thin-wall tyloses were well developed in the outer and central zone of culm-wall in four species. 4) Compared with the central part of culm-wall, the number of parenchyma cells and the amount of the vascular bundle sheaths per unit area were a few in the inner part. The inner part nearest to the pith cavity was consisted of thick-well parenchyma cell. 5) The dimensional variations of metaxylem vessel and parenchyma cell in the radial direction were decreased from the inner part to the epidermis in all species observed. 6) The fiber length was the maximum in the central zone and its diameter was increased from the inner part to the outer part. In the axial variation. fiber length was slightly increased from the base and then decresed slowly toward the top, and its diameter was reverse. 7) The axial variation of the bulk density was continuously increased from the base toward the top and its radial variation was rapidly increased from the inner part to the epidermis.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제12권2호통권17호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2006

In the original plant of Arisaematis Rhizomas, the features of external and internal shape of Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ and A. amurense $_{MAXIM}$. are as follows. 1. In the external shape of original plant, Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ has high stem, an oval-elliptic leaflet and a serrate leaf margin. But A. amurense $M_{AXIM}$ has a relatively low stem, an upside oval leaflet and no serrate leaf margin. 2. On the herbs character of original plant, Ansaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ is small in height and diameter, but A. amurense $M_{AXIM}$ is relatively large in height and diameter. 3. On the gathered herbs character of original plant, the section of Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ is brightly white, easily spilt and strong scent. But the section of A. amurense $M_{AXIM}$ is thin yellowish brown, not easily spilt and weak scent. Also the grade of gathered herbs, both can be classified by diameter and external scent. 4. In the current herbs character, Korean and Sichuan Province products are irregullar shape and have no scent, Jilin Province products are regular shape. Also, Guangxi Province products are small size and concave in one side, Hebei Province products are irregular size and shape. 5. In internal shape of original plant, epidermal cell of Arisaema amurense var. serratum is very tight. With the except of micro difference in parenchyma cell of cortex, on the whole there are nearly no differences with A. amurense $M_{AXIM}$. Also, samely in the internal shape, according to collecting sites, epidermis exhibits a lot layer in curving state and secreting duct is developed and vascular bundle and exists between parenchyma cell of cortex. In the future, additional study is needed to distinguish herb and effect between same genus-degree of relatedness.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

Objectives : Saururus chinensis and Houttuynia cordata (Saururaceae) are perennial herbs using for medicinal purposes in Korea. The objectives of this study are to compare anatomical key characters between two medicinal plants and to provide fundamental information for the identification of two herbal medicines by using anatomical features. Methods : Cross-sections of root, rhizome, stem, petiole, and leaf for each species were observed in this study. Materials were analyzed through dehydration, paraffin embedding and micro-sectioning, and double staining with Safranin O and Fast-Green FCF. Observations of permanent preparation were conducted using light microscope. Results : S. chinensis and H. cordata were distinguished with anatomical differentiations; Idioblasts with essential oil were scattered in the parenchyma cell of cortex, pith, and phloem of S. chinensis, on the other hand, in H. cordata, idioblasts were distributed ring-shaped in the cortex of the root. S. chinensis had two cycles of vascular bundles in the stem while H. cordata had one cycle. Hypodermis layer was conspicuous in a stem of H. cordata, crystals were observed the only parenchyma in a stem of S. chinensis, and epidermal oil cells were developed in the epidermis of H. cordata. S. chinensis had air cavity at the cortex and pith of the stem. The shape of cross-section was polygonal in the stem of S. chinensis and was circular in the stem of H. cordata. Conclusions : We investigated anatomical study of Korean S. chinensis and H. cordata. To identify two herbal medicines, we considered main anatomical features and provided identification key here.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.268-275
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• 2012

국내산 겨우살이의 해부학적 특성을 구명하기 위해 광학현미경과 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 겨우살이 및 기주목인 신갈나무의 목재 조직구조를 관찰하였다. 겨우살이가 착생된 부분의 가지는 직경이 그렇지 않은 부분보다 더 컸다. 겨우살이 사부는 인피섬유와 유세포로 그리고 목부는 후벽 목섬유, 방사유세포, 축방향유세포 및 도관상가도관으로 구성되어 있다. 겨우살이 방사조직의 경우 일반적인 목재 수종에 비해 방사유세포가 차지하는 비율이 매우 높고 평복세포, 직립세포 및 방형세포 모두로 이루어져 있는 이형방사조직인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 겨우살이의 도관상가도관 세포벽 내강표면에 나선비후 그리고 세포벽에 유연벽공이 발달되어 있다. 겨우살이 흡기의 삽입에 따라 숙주 도관의 형태가 일부 변형되어 있으나 도관 내 타일로시스는 관찰되지 않았다. 겨우살이 흡기의 끝 부분 형태는 비교적 뾰족하게 나타났고 흡기 삽입에 따른 기주목 세포 자체의 파괴는 관찰되지 않았다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

국내에서 재배된 케나프의 해부 물리적 특성을 광학현미경, 주사전자현미경 및 X선회절법으로 조사하였다. 그 결과 케나프는 사부에 인피섬유, 사부 방사조직, 피층 유세포, 사관요소 등이 존재하였고, 목부는 도관요소, 목섬유, 방사조직 등으로 구성되어 있었다. 관공은 고립 및 2~3개가 방사방향으로 복합한 것이 많이 존재하였고, 방사조직은 평복, 방형, 직립세포가 모두 분포하고 있었다. 수피부의 인피섬유 길이는 생장기간이 길어짐에 따라 점차 증가하였고, 목부 섬유의 길이는 평균 0.74~0.82 mm로써 생장기간과 줄기의 높이에 관계없이 거의 차이가 없었다. 상대결정화도는 사부가 53~74%, 목부가 43~58%인 것으로 나타났으며, 셀룰로오스의 결정폭은 사부가 2.68~3.24 nm, 목부가 2.46~2.95 nm 정도인 것으로 나타났다. 케나프 줄기의 높이가 증가함에 따라 생재함수율과 생재밀도는 증가하였으나, 기본밀도는 낮게 나타났다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.68-74
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• 2003

Kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus L.) cultivar, Tainung 2, had been grown for 152 days at the experimental farm of Jinju National University, Gajoa-dong, Jinju-si, Kyongnam, Korea. The planting, growth rate, fertilization and structural characteristics as well as the cultivation and growth characteristics of kenaf, and the product usage were investigated. The narrowest diameter at kenaf bottom was 10 mm, the widest 42 mm and the average about 28 mm, and the shortest height 150 cm, the tallest 480 cm and the average about 350 cm. The weight of a core fraction was 68.1％ and a bast fraction 31.9％. The weight ratio of core material to bast fiber was 2.31. The weight ratio of dry stem was 73.5％ and that of leaves 26.5％. The weight of dry plant produced in 1 $m^2$ was 1,467 g, and about 1,052 g of stem could be used for the commercial purpose, The application of fertilizers resulted in the increase of the growth rate of the diameter at plant bottom and the height. Bast fiber, phloem ray and cortex parenchyma cell were observed in bast, and vessel, wood fiber and ray in core.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 1994

Stem tissues of tomato plants (cv. Kwanyang) inoculated with Phytophthora capsici were examined by light and electron microscopy to compare early cytological differences between comaptible and incompatible interactions of tomatoes with the fungus. Twenty four hours after inoculation, the compatible isolate S 197 colonized severely the epidermis, cortex, and xylem vessels of stem tissue, whereas only few fungal cells colonized the stem tissues inoculated with the incompatible isolate CBS 178.26. Fragmented plasma membrane, distorted chloroplast, degraded cell wall, remnants of host cytoplasm were early ultrastructural features of the damaged host cell observed both in the compatible and incompatible interaction, a number of vesicles were distributed in the space between fungal cell walls and plasma membrane. The degradation of host cell walls by P. capsici was more pronounced in the compatible than the incompatible interactions. The incompatible interactions of tomato cells with P. capsici were characterized by formation of host cell wall apposition in the cortical parenchyma cells, indicating that the apposition of electron-dense material from the host cell walls may function as a plant defense reaction to the fungus. The fungal cells encased by wall appositions had abnormal cytoplasm and separated plasma membranes. The haustorium which formed from the fungal hyphae did not further penetrate through the host wall apposition and cytoplasmic aggregation, especially in the incompatible reactions. In contrast, the haustorium of the compatible isolate S 197 was not encased by wall appositions.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.213-232
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• 2003

Objectives : This study was designed to establish a characteristic discrimination of internal and external morphological standard of original plants and herbal states in Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ and A. amurense $M_{AXIM}.$. Methods : In this studies, the external-internal morphological standards were determined by using stereoscope and butanol series. Results : 1. In the external shape of original plant, Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ has high stem, an oval-elliptic leaflet and a serrate leaf margin. But A. amurense $M_{AXIM}$ has a relatively low stem, an upside oval leaflet and no serrate leaf margin. 2. On the herbs character of original plant, Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ is small in height and diameter, but A. amurense $M_{AXIM}$ is relatively large in height and diameter. 3. On the gathered herbs character of original plant, the section of Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ is brightly white, easily spilt and strong scent. But the section of A. amurense $M_{AXIM}$ is thin yellowish brown, not easily spilt and weak scent. Also the grade of gathered herbs, both can be classified by diameter and external scent. 4. In the current herbs character, Korean and Sichuan Province products are irregullar shape and have no scent, Jilin Province products are regular shape. Also, Guangxi Province products are small size and concave in one side, Hebei Province products are irregular size and shape. 5. In internal shape of original plant, epidermal cell of Arisaema amurense var. serratum is very tight. With the except of micro difference in parenchyma cell of cortex, on the whole there are nearly no differences with A. amurense $M_{AXIM}.$ Also, samely in the internal shape, according to collecting sites, epidermis exhibits a lot layer in curving state and secreting duct is developed and vascular bundle and exists between parenchyma cell of cortex. Conclusion : In the future, additional study is needed to distinguish herb and effect between same genus-degree of relatedness.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.13-22
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• 1970

The rice variety, Kwanok, was reared in the water, land and salt seed beds and transplanted to the reclaimed soil area having an average of 0.48% salt content (0.67% at the end of April). The plant height of land bel seedlings at transplanting stage was short but the dry-weight/plant-height ratio was large and the rooting ability was vigorous remarkably after transplantation in the salty area. The central cylinder, vessels, sclerenchyma, endodermis and other mechanical tissues of the root of land bed seedlings were well developed while the size of cortical cell layers were small. The cytoplasm of the cortical parenchyma at the root tips seemed to be most abundant in the land bed seedlings. The formation of the aerial cavity in the cortex of primary root was rapid and it seemed that the developmental mechanism of the aerial cavity in the rice plant roots was related to the development of the lateral roots.