• Applied Microscopy
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• v.52
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• pp.6.1-6.5
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• 2022

We examined the morphology of the fertilized egg and the fine structure of fertilized egg envelopes of Poropanchax normani belonging to the family Poeciliidae, also known as Norman's lampeye using light and electron microscopes. The fertilized eggs with narrow perivitelline space were found to be spherical and demersal, additionally containing small oil droplets in the vitelline membrane. Further, a bundle of adhesive filaments was observed to be present on one side of the fertilized egg. These filaments possessed remarkably high elasticity and were approximately 1-3mm in length. The size of the fertilized egg was determined to be about 1.49 ± 0.07mm (n=30). The outer surface appeared smooth, and adhesive filaments originating at different location of the surface of the envelope were found to be distributed around the egg envelope and were joined together to form a single long bundle in scanning electron microscopic observation. A peak-like structure formed of several straight wrinkles was observed around the micropyle. However, the complete structure of the micropyle could not be studied due to the depth at which it was located. Additionally, the total thickness of the egg envelope was ascertained to be approximately12.5-14.5㎛. The egg envelope consisted of two distinct layers, an outer electron dense layer and an inner lamellar layer, further consisting of 10 sublayers of varying thicknesses. Collectively, it was observed that the morphological characteristics of the fertilized egg, fine structures surrounding the micropyle, outer surface, adhesive structure consisting adhesive filaments, and sections of fertilized egg envelope displayed species specificity.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.47-56
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• 2021

Network topology visualization has been studied a lot since the past and developed with many tools. The network topology has strength in understanding the overall structure of a network physically and is useful for understanding data flow between nodes logically. Although there are existing tools, not many can be utilized efficiently while using the general network node data structure and express the topology similar to the actual network structure. In this paper, we propose an efficient method to visualize topology using only connection information of network nodes. The method finds the central node by using the centrality, the influence of nodes in the network, and visualizes the topology by dynamically segmenting all nodes and placing network nodes in 3D space using the weight of the child node. It is a straightforward method, yet it effectively visualizes in the form of an actual network structure.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.399-404
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• 2012

Evolutionary algorithms such as genetic algorithm (GA) have been proven their effectiveness when applying to the design of fuzzy models. However, it tends to suffer from computationally expensWive due to the slow convergence speed. In this study, we propose an approach to develop fuzzy models by means of an improved differential evolution (IDE) to overcome this limitation. The improved differential evolution (IDE) is realized by means of an orthogonal approach and differential evolution. With the invoking orthogonal method, the IDE can search the solution space more efficiently. In the design of fuzzy models, we concern two mechanisms, namely structure identification and parameter estimation. The structure identification is supported by the IDE and C-Means while the parameter estimation is realized via IDE and a standard least square error method. Experimental studies demonstrate that the proposed model leads to improved performance. The proposed model is also contrasted with the quality of some fuzzy models already reported in the literature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2009.01a
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• pp.737-741
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• 2009

This paper addresses the factorization method to estimate the projective structure of a scene from feature (points) correspondences over images with occlusions. We propose both a column and a row space approaches to estimate the depth parameter using the subspace constraints. The projective depth parameters are estimated by maximizing projection onto the subspace based either on the Joint Projection matrix (JPM) or on the the Joint Structure matrix (JSM). We perform the maximization over significant observation and employ Tardif's Camera Basis Constraints (CBC) method for the matrix factorization, thus the missing data problem can be overcome. The depth estimation and the matrix factorization alternate until convergence is reached. Result of Experiments on both real and synthetic image sequences has confirmed the effectiveness of our proposed method.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.154-162
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• 2015

This paper focuses on how cognitive and emotional structures affect humans during long-term interaction. We design an interaction with a turn-based game, the Chopstick Game, in which two agents play with numbers using their fingers. While a human and a robot agent alternate turn, the human user applies herself to play the game and to learn new winning skills from the robot agent. Conventional valence and arousal space is applied to design emotional interaction. For the robotic system, we implement finger gesture recognition and emotional behaviors that are designed for three-dimensional virtual robot. In the experimental tests, the properness of the proposed schemes is verified and the effect of the emotional interaction is discussed.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.549-561
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• 2022

In the Khmer writing system, the Khmer script is the official letter of Cambodia, written from left to right without a space separator; it is complicated and requires more analysis studies. Without clear standard guidelines, a space separator in the Khmer language is used inconsistently and informally to separate words in sentences. Therefore, a segmented method should be discussed with the combination of the future Khmer natural language processing (NLP) to define the appropriate rule for Khmer sentences. The critical process in NLP with the capability of extensive data language analysis necessitates applying in this scenario. One of the essential components in Khmer language processing is how to split the word into a series of sentences and count the words used in the sentences. Currently, Microsoft Word cannot count Khmer words correctly. So, this study presents a systematic library to segment Khmer phrases using the bi-directional maximal matching (BiMM) method to address these problematic constraints. In the BiMM algorithm, the paper focuses on the Bidirectional implementation of forward maximal matching (FMM) and backward maximal matching (BMM) to improve word segmentation accuracy. A digital or prefix tree of data structure algorithm, also known as a trie, enhances the segmentation accuracy procedure by finding the children of each word parent node. The accuracy of BiMM is higher than using FMM or BMM independently; moreover, the proposed approach improves dictionary structures and reduces the number of errors. The result of this study can reduce the error by 8.57% compared to FMM and BFF algorithms with 94,807 Khmer words.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.163-169
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• 2015

This study was intended to suggest a new-concept construction method of permanent basement wall combined with earth retaining wall by using PHC piles to overcome the disadvantages of conventional CIP methods or the like which have been used just for earth retaining walls during field construction, and to determine its applicability. PHC piles are characterized by the reliable quality attributed to prefabrication (shop fabrication) as well as superior concrete strength and prestressing steel strength to that of CIP in the aspect of materials, and also higher bending moment than that of CIP in the aspect of structure.

• 한국터널공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.270-281
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• 2005

An especial attention for old tunnel safety is required on increasing of The various tunnel recently. Specially, the lining investigation method of the old tunnel will be able to presume condition of concrete lining indirectly. Because it is many restriction thought of environment and ground condition investigation method of tunnel lining rear. This study carried out section & convergence measurement of part which was deformed in tunnel lining. It had been observed for the change of tunnel behavior with a continuous measurement. It has been analyzed for a cause of tunnel deformation and inspected for the effect after a repair-reinforcement to tunnel compared with the effect before those by structure analysis. By establishing automatic measurement system after repair-reinforcement to tunnel, it would be accomplished to convergence measurement continually. As a result, it was observed that deflection and deformation of tunnel was convergent. but it should be followed to a continuous maintenance because of unstable ground condition, cause of inner tunnel, environment. The railroad tunnel which was executed a reinforcement of the tunnel lining must investigate the close condition of reinforcement lining and concrete lining.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.151-159
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• 2020

This paper puts forward protection strategies for the environmental problems of Busan coastline, providing theoretical basis and guiding standards for the tourism development and environmental transformation of the coastline. The order of research is to deduce the factors that affect environmental problems from the theoretical coastline development characteristics. The investigation method of spatial structure combined with time axis is adopted, and historical images and image processing techniques are used to find the characteristics of morphological changes of Busan coastline. The three types of natural coastline, artificial coastline and ecological restoration coastline are analyzed through the five factors that affect the fluctuation, extensibility, greening rate, concealment and vision of space. According to the above discussion, international competition examples are introduced to find solutions. Finally, environmental protection schemes are put forward from five aspects of tourism, accidents, development, culture and transformation. In the future research, it will focus on the transformation of coastline space to provide a more humanized activity space for coastline residents.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.125-130
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• 2020

The Korean maritime industry is growing rapidly as income levels rise. In particular, the domestic yacht market is generating steady market demand, which is a good opportunity for users who want to enjoy leisure. Among them, the experience-type yacht is operated smoothly around Suyeong Bay in Busan. In this study, a survey of experienced yacht users conducted an analysis focusing on color as much as the interior structure. The colors you experience when you stay in a specific space for a short time have a significant impact on the user's satisfaction and sensibility. Often, systematic research into space is often focused on physical distribution. However, color leaves a strong impression on short experiences as much information as it accepts through the optic nerve. A survey of yacht passengers was conducted to derive appropriate adjectives, and the results were obtained after analyzing them by means of I.R.I monochrome and image scale. Afterwards, it is expected that this research will be used as a theoretical basic data that can be used to carry out the production, repair, and repair of hands-on yachts that are developed on their own.