• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 2004

We present a state-space approach to make non-square linear systems strictly passive by using an input-dimensional parallel feedforward compensator. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of the parallel feedforward compensator is given by the static output feedback formulation, which enables to utilize linear matrix inequality. By modifying the structure of the compensator the additional technical assumption in the previous result [1] is removed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by some numerical examples which can be stabilized by the proportional-derivative (PD) and proportional-derivative-integral (PID) control laws. The proposed control scheme can successfully replace the measurements of derivative terms in the control laws.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.111-114
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• 1996

This paper proposes a robust control method using Universal Learning Network(U.L.N.) and second order derivatives of U.L.N.. Robust control considered here is defined as follows. Even if external input (equal to reference input in this paper) to the system at control stage changes awfully from that at learning stage, the system can be controlled so as to maintain a good performance. In order to realize such a robust control, a new term concerning the perturbation is added to a usual criterion function. And parameter variables are adjusted so as to minimize the above mentioned criterion function using the second order derivative of the criterion function with respect to the parameters.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1992.07a
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• pp.404-407
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• 1992

In this thesis, the algorithm of Fuzzy Logic Control(FLC) is applied to the Nonlinear system to implement a system response. Proportional-Integral-Derivative(PID) controller is also used to control the various systems. Look-up table is applied to decide the control input, and the other look-up table is added for saving memories and inference time. Generally, FLC input variables are error(E) and error derivative($\Delta$E). In this algorithm. another Input variable error's second derivative($\Delta^2$E) is added for Robust Fine control.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.539-555
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• 2000

Recently, it was reported that enamel matrix derivative may be beneficial in periodontal regeneration procedures in expectation of promoting new bone and cementum formation. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of enamel matrix derivative($Emdogain^?$)and Caso4 sulfate paste in 1-wall intrabony defects in beagle dogs. Surgically created 1-wall intrabony defects were randomly assigned to receive root debridement alone or $Emdogain^{(R)}$ or $Emdogain^{(R)}$ and Caso4. Clinical defect size was 4 X 4mm. The control group was treated with root debridement alone,and Experimental group I was treated with enamel matrix derivative application, and Experimental group II was treated with enamel matrix derivative and Caso4 sulfate paste application,. The healing processes were histologically and histometrically observed after 8 weeks and the results were as follows: 1. The length of junctional epithelium was $0.41{\pm}0.01mm$ in the control group, $0.42{\pm}0.08mm$in the experimental group I and $0.50{\pm}0.13mm$in the experimental group II. 2. The connective tissue adhesion was $0.28{\pm}0.02mm$ in the control group, $0.13{\pm}0.08mm$ in the experimental group I and $0.19{\pm}0.02mm$ in the experimental group II. 3. The new cementum formation was $3.80{\pm}0.06mm$ in the control group, $4.12{\pm}0.43mm$ in the experimental group I and $4.34{\pm}0.71mm$ in the experimental group II. 4. The new bone formation was $1.43{\pm}0.03mm$ in the control group, $1.53{\pm}0.47mm$ in the experimental group I and $2.25{\pm}1.35mm$ in the experimental group II. Although there was limitation to present study, the use of enamel matrix derivative in the treatment of periodontal 1-wall intrabony defect enhanced new cementum and bone formation. Caso4 sulfate paste will be the candidate for carriers to deliver enamel matrix derivative, and so enhance the regenerative potency of enamel matrix derivative.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.387-396
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• 1997

For given discrete derivative data in a rectangular re-gion we propose a method to generate an approximated surface which fits the given derivative data in the region and extends smoothly to a sufficiently large rectangular region. Such an extension in nec-essary in the generation of the surface in NC(numerical control) ma-chine.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.791-799
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• 2006

The aim of this paper is to design an adaptive speed control system of a marine diesel engine by fusion of hard computing based proportional integral derivative (PID) control and soft computing based fuzzy control methods. The model of a marine diesel engine is considered as a typical non oscillatory second order system. When its model and the actual marine diesel engine ate not matched, it is hard to control the speed of the marine diesel engine. Therefore, this paper proposes two methods in order to obtain the speed control characteristics of a marine diesel engine. One is an efficient method to determine the PID control parameters of the nominal model of a marine diesel engine. Second is a reference adaptive speed control method that uses a fuzzy controller and derivative operator for tracking the nominal model of the marine diesel engine. It was found that the proposed PID parameters adjustment method is better than the Ziegler & Nichols' method, and that a model reference adaptive control is superior to using only PID controller. The improved control method proposed here, could be applied to other systems when a model of a system does not match the actual system.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.145-164
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Injinchunggantang-derivative on proliferation of hepatocyte in rats. Cell viability is studied by MTI assay. The gene related to cell replication such as p53, waf1, bcl-2 and $bcl-_{X_L}$ is quantitized by quantitative RT-PCR and the proteins coded by these genes are studied by Western blotting. The results are as follows. 1. The hepatocytes cultured in medium with lnjinchunggantang-derivative showed better viability compared with control grroup in MTI assay, and the hepatocytes cultured in medium with the Injinchunggantang-derivative-and-ethanol-mixed group showed better viability than the hepatocytes cultrued in 10% ethanol culture medium(control group), noting that Injinchunggantang-derivative has protective effect on hepatocyte injury. There was no dose- and time-dependence. 2. In quantitative RT-PCR, i) Bel-2 gene increased significantly both in Injinchunggantang-derivative group and in Injinchunggantang-derivative-and-ethanol-mixed group, while it showed no significant increase or decrease in other group. ii) $Bcl-_{X_L}$ gene increased significantly in Injinchunggantang-derivative group as well as in Injinchunggantang-deri vative-and-ethanol -mixed group. iii) P53 gene showed no significant increase or decrease in hepatocytes cultured in medium with 10% ethanol and in hepatocytes cultured in medium with Injinchunggantang-derivative-and-ethanol-mixed group, suggesting that 10% ethanol induced cell toxicity, thus increased p53 gene expression. iv) Wafl gene showed no significant increase or decrease in hepatocytes cutured in medium with Injinchtrnggantang-derivative, while increased in hepatocytes cultured in medium with 10% ethanol and in hepatocytes cultured in medium with Injinchtrnggantang-derivative-andethanol-mixed group, suggesting that 10% ethanol induced cell toxicity increased wafl gene expression. 3. In the study on protein by western blotting, the band of bcl-2 and $bcl-_{X_L}$ were widened in Injinchtrnggantang-derivative group. Especially the amount of $bcl-_{X_L}$ increased significantly compared with other groups. But in the study on p53 and wafl, there was no significant difference among those groups. Above study shows that Injinchunggantang-derivative has good effect on cell viability and that the genes resistant to cell death such as bcl-2 and $bcl-_{X_L}$ are induced by Injinchunggantang-derivative to resist to cell death by toxic agent And this is reconfirmed in protein study using' western blotting: These results suggest that Injinchunggantang-derivative has inhibitory effect on cell death as well as protective effect on hepatocyte. Therefore this prescription is recommended in various liver diseases such as chronic liver disease and-induced hepatic injury.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.1644-1651
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• 2022

This paper focuses on the power-level control of nuclear power plants (NPPs) in the presence of lumped disturbances. An adaptive second-order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control (ASONTSMC) scheme is proposed by resorting to the second-order nonsingular terminal sliding mode. The pre-existing mathematical model of the nuclear reactor system is firstly described based on point-reactor kinetics equations with six delayed neutron groups. Then, a second-order sliding mode control approach is proposed by integrating a proportional-derivative sliding mode (PDSM) manifold with a nonsingular terminal sliding mode (NTSM) manifold. An adaptive mechanism is designed to estimate the unknown upper bound of a lumped uncertain term that is composed of lumped disturbances and system states real-timely. The estimated values are then added to the controller, resulting in the control system capable of compensating the adverse effects of the lumped disturbances efficiently. Since the sign function is contained in the first time derivative of the real control law, the continuous input signal is obtained after integration so that the chattering effects of the conventional sliding mode control are suppressed. The robust stability of the overall control system is demonstrated through Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, the proposed control scheme is validated through simulations and comparisons with a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, a super twisting sliding mode controller (STSMC), and a disturbance observer-based adaptive sliding mode controller (DO-ASMC).

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.2076-2080
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• 2005

Study in this paper concerns the optimal $H_{2}$ integral servo problems for linear crane model systems via the constraints of the derivatives of state variables added to the standard constraints. It is shown in the paper that the derivative state constrained optimal $H_{2}$ integral servo problems can be reduced to the standard optimal $H_{2}$ control problem. The main subject of the paper is to apply the results of derivative state constrained $H_{2}$ integral servo theorem in crane system. The effect of our proposed controller with respect to mitigate an under damping for crane model system is also verified.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.974-981
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• 2009

In this paper, a method of auto-tuning of PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) and PIDA (Proportional-Integral-Derivative-Acceleration) controllers is proposed that can be applied to a time-delayed second order model. The proposed identification method is based on step responses, but it can be easily automated rising digital controller unlike the existing graphical identification methods. We provide a ways to yield parameter identifications which is independent to initial values of the plants. The tuning rule is based on the pole-placement strategy and is formulated so that it can be implemented using a digital controller with ease.