• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.18 no.5_2
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• pp.35-41
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• 2018

The Army has developed the concept of terrestrial warfare in conjunction with the Joint Concept and has introduced TICN as the base communication system to support it. TICN has been used to improve the transmission speed and to increase the coverage distance. Through this, TICN is making efforts to create network-centered operation environment so that information can be distributed in real time or near real time from the monitoring system to the hitting system. However, TICN is not enough to overcome the network limitations that may arise from various contingencies in battlefield situations. Therefore, in this paper, we investigated the limitations of communication according to the situations that can occur in the battlefield situation and studied the considerations to overcome them.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.7 s.107
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• pp.115-125
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• 2006

The study on plane composition in clothing was focused mainly on woven wear earlier but its application has been reaching the knit wear. This study is confined to the utilization with geometrical linear pattern in the modern apparel. The work here intends to grasp the plane structure found in both woven wear and knit wear and, in particular, to understand the aesthetics of fashion. The modern flat patterned clothing has been affected by the oriental style or postmodernism in view of social and cultural aspect while its fabric material and expression method shows the diversity in terms of industrial and technical aspect. It can be characterized as several outstanding patterns: the geometrical pattern in structure, the linear pattern with seam line and 2-dimensional plane pattern without seam line, and the flexible silhouette integrated into one single shape with human body unlike the traditional apparel The aesthetics of fashion in modern flat patterned clothing can be divided into such category as the organically spatial change, the re-creation of tradition and the non-format framework. The organically spatial change shows the geometrical formation in clothes due to change in dimension, where the organically changing uniformity and generosity appears as the dimension progresses. The timeless without any difference of up and down, left and right, and inside and outside and the discontinuity due to limitless spatial change are also imbedded. The re-creation of tradition tells the reshaped spirits of old tradition by integrating and modifying the hereditary features in the old customed clothing into modern clothing. The modern flat patterned clothing implies the contemporaneousness or the frame through which the old and modern cultures may be shared and indicates the re-creation of the past and uniformity. The non-format framework contains the uncertainty in meaning and it doesn't have any certain standards. As both the apparel and the human body with this style aim at the open space, the numerous contingencies are realized.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2004

The recent movement to deregulated and competitive electricity market reacquires new concepts against existing central dispatch in the system operation and pinning. As power systems tend to be operated more closely to their ultimate ratings, the role of SCOPF (Security Constrained Optimal Power flow) is changed and the importance for real-time security inhancement will be more increased i]1 the new and com partitive electricity market. This paper deals with the application of the SCOPF which makes possible the On-Line application. The security margin of power system truly is changed according to the conditions or configuration of power systems, therefore, the sensitivity factor reiated to the security is recalculated and the application should be updated in accordance with the state of power system. The goal of this paper is to obtain proper security through the effluent usage of the sensitivity and to apply this a1gorithm to system operation. The proposed mechanism has been tested on a sample system and the results show more secure conditions against critical contingencies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.485-490
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• 2003

Nowadays the rapid change in construction environment getting more globalized and complicated has caused lots of unexpected risks from inside and out of the country, so more sophisticated construction management strategies are being strongly needed. This paper suggests a risk management model with which we can estimate the appropriate contingency by quantifying the amount of probable risks immanent in large construction projects, which have a high degree of uncertainty in the anticipation of the total construction cost. To develop the model, the risk factors that make cost variations are elicited based on the real data of the contingencies assigned to the past projects. Furthermore, the influential relationship of risk factors is structured by applying the CRM(Cost Risk Model) which is the synthetic model of Monte Carlo Simulation, Influence Diagram and Decision Tree. The ultimate outcome of this research can by validated by tile case study with a large construction project performed.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.13
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• pp.83-96
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• 2008

Digital production method in animation has enabled us to reconstruction the real world in the way we had sought in visual all. However, spectator's visual desire is not satisfied with mere photographic visual reconstruction. It demands traditional picturesque qualify with involves a great deal of contingencies and errors. Naturally, Digital film technology has also sometimes tried to simulate analogue technique such as hand drawing so on. This is not caused by nostalgia, but by recursive instinct. The spectator's visual desire for media doesn't remain only precision of real world but require mental demand on successive visual and perceptive errors while repealing ripeness of new media and going through perception and recognition. This spectator's desire and visual art technology pursuits variously its visual perfection in history.

• Strategy21
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• s.42
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• pp.83-113
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• 2017

After defeat in World War II, Japan's Peace Constitution committed the country to forego the acquisition of offensive military capabilities. However, in the midst of the post-cold war period, Japan began to change its security posture in line with the so-called 'normal state theory', which called for a more robust defense posture and expanded security activities. The second Abe administration promoted these security policies by issuing a National Security Strategy as well as a new National Defense Program Outline(NDPO) in 2013 and by establishing new security institutions such as the National Security Council. The Abe administration also adopted the new concept of a 'Unified Mobile Defense Force' in the 2013 which replaced the 'Dynamic Defense Force' as a new criteria for the Self-Defense Force's acquisition of military capabilities. In this new concept of military capabilities, the Ground Self-Defense Force is planning to replace existing divisions with mobile divisions and to form 'Amphibious Rapid Deployment Bridge' for the first time in 2018, which has long been taboo in Japan. Japan has experience a Marine Corps in the past. Likewise, an offensive changes in the military strategy can change the spectrum of strategy and 'Amphibious Rapid Deployment Bridge' plays a big role in this. Furthermore, Japan is increasing the Coast Guard's budget and capabilities in preparation for contingencies around the Senkaku islands (called the Diaoyu in Chinese). The South Korea navy should utilize Japan's changing security posture to deter immediate threat such as North Korea's military provocations and potential enemy threat such as China, Japan, Russia.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.195-200
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• 2018

When a ship accident occurs, it is imperative that the captain makes a prompt decision because the accident directly leads to the loss of human lives. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively analyze the main factors and to provide basic data for making decisions in case of ship related contingencies. Experts were surveyed using questionnaires containing eight main factors. The priorities based on relative importance of those factors were determined using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). As a result, the main priority factors were capsizing (heeling occurs), and fire/explosion, which could have the greatest impact on decision making. We plan to do a larger, more detailed scale survey to improve the reliability of the results. The results above will be used as a basis for the main factors of ships and passenger evacuation decision-making procedures.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.171-180
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• 2014

Our Automatic Replanning enables simulation entities to execute goal oriented behavior planning by dynamic behavior linking. Existing methods especially in Semi-Automated Forces (SAF) are mainly executing strict plans which are given at initial stage, thus they are not effective to cope with contingencies especially in a human in the loop simulation where humans interrupt. Moreover, those usually suffer from explosion of behavior combination in attempt to describe all possible countermeasures, and such combinations may be prone to being inconsistent to the situations. Our method generates behavior sequence in which behavior are linked from the goal in the manner of back-propagation. Each behavior has tags of pre/post-conditions. The tags are linked dynamically according to a certain contingency. The method is being applied to a national defense research project to show feasibility.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.256-263
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• 2009

For the power system to keep in a stable operating state, sufficient ancillary services must be available to respond to credible contingency events and return the power system to a satisfactory operating state in the case of contingencies as well as blackout events within specified predefined limits. The logical and reasonable bases of valuing and pricing the ancillary services are required to reach the common ground among market participants. The total amount of black start service transactions is quite small compared to the total ancillary service transactions as well as energy market transactions. Black start services must be provided as one of the ancillary services in the deregulated electricity market. In order to procure and remunerate black start services, it is necessary to quantify the value of the black start sources within the power system. In this paper, an approach to assess the value of the black start service is presented based on the cost-of-service solution. Financial simulation of the influence on market participants for the proposed approach on the service is carried out. The cost of the black start service is allocated in accordance with the principle of "causer pays", and the cost is shared by the producers and consumers equally that created the requirement for the service. Under the present electricity market, the mechanism to recover the cost is not implemented, a new approach to the ancillary services to provide incentive for the service providers has to be studied in the near future.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.131-155
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• 2007

The purpose of this thesis is to study on the philosophical analysis model and its methodological application of information systems research evaluation from critical realist perspective. Fist of all, I examine ontological epistemological methodological assertions of critical realism. Because the philosophy of critical realism is an opportunity for information systems study. I examine Dobson and Mutch's critical realist perspective on actors-structure model. I suggest a critical realist actors-praxis-structure model. This model provides the potential for a new approach to social investigations in its provision of an ontology for the analytical separation of structure and agency. Of most importance might be the incorporation of non-humans into the analysis of social interaction and of technology into the elaboration of structures. I also examine Tsoukas's critical realistic meta-theory of management. I suggest a critical realist IS management model. This model elucidate the nature of management and delineate the scope of applicability of various perspectives on management. The causal powers of management reside in the real domain and, taken together, their logics are contradictory, the effects of their contradictory composition are contingent upon prevailing contingencies. I analyze Carlsson's theory of design knowledge. His framework builds on that the aim of IS design science research is to develop practical knowledge for the design and realization of different classes of IS initiatives, where IS are viewed as socio-technical systems and not just IT artefacts. The framework proposes that the output of IS design science research is practical IS design knowledge in the form of field-tested and grounded technological rules. The IS design knowledge is developed through an IS design science research cycle. In conclusion, I think that IS actors-praxis-structure model, meta-theoretical IS management model, and IS design knowledge model according to critical realistic approach are very useful for IS research evaluation. Nevertheless, important problems are left not resolved.