• 아동학회지
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.91-104
• /
• 2003

This study analized the strategies in beginning readers by age and reading ability. Sixty 4-and 5-year old subjects took a reading test based on Bsatjes & Brown(1997) and Park, et a1.(1989). They read contextual and non-contextual storybooks. Errors in oral reading were recorded as mispronunciations, substitutions, omissions, insertions, teacher-assistance and self-corrections. Mispronunciations and substitutions were Specifically evaluated for graphic and contextual reading strategies. Data were analyzed by percentage and mean. Results revealed that children made more mispronunciation errors in reading the non-contextual story book. They used graphic information more than contextual information. Fine-year olds and high-level readers developed the use of graphic and contextual cues simultaneously.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한음성학회 2003년도 10월 학술대회지
• /
• pp.3-16
• /
• 2003

ㆍAcoustic characteristics of stops in speech with contextual variability ㆍPosibility of stop recognition by post processing technique ㆍFurther work - Speech database - Modification of decoder - automatic segmentation of acoustic parameters

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.518-540
• /
• 2024

Mobile technologies have enabled marketers to target consumers anywhere and anytime. However, as consumers react and respond differently depending on what situation they are in, there is an apparent need to determine when, where, and what kind of advertisement is most relevant to the consumer. This paper proposes a holistic approach to examine the response of consumers when faced with two types of contextual factors (environmental/spatial and social contexts) through the lens of the Mobile Advertising Effectiveness Framework. We focus on the contextual effects of perceived distance from the offline store and the effect of popularity cue indication. A scenario-based survey is conducted to investigate the effects of perceived distance and popularity cue on the users' attitudes, and ultimately on their response intentions, upon receipt of mobile ads. Results of the study confirm the hypotheses: first, mobile ads sent when users perceive the physical store to be in close proximity tend to evoke more positive attitudes and elicit better responses compared to when users perceive the store to be farther away. Additionally, ad messages indicating high popularity were found to be more appealing than those with low popularity. These empirical results underscore the pivotal role of context, encompassing both spatial context (proximity to offline stores) and social context (popularity cues), in shaping consumer attitudes and response intentions in mobile advertising. The findings of the study offer theoretical insights that underline the significance of holistic context-based approaches that in turn, marketers may use to design more effective mobile ad campaigns that may elicit better responses from consumers.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1990년도 하계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.535-538
• /
• 1990

The main problem in speech recognition is the enormous variability in acoustic signals due to complex but predictable contextual effects. Especially in plosive consonants it is very difficult to find invariant cue due to various contextual effects, but humans use these contextual effects as helpful information in plosive consonant recognition. In this paper we experimented on three artificial neural net models for the recognition of plosive consonants. Neural Net Model I used "Multi-layer Perceptron ". Model II used a variation of the "Self-organizing Feature Map Model". And Model III used "Interactive and Competitive Model" to experiment contextual effects. The recognition experiment was performed on 9 Korean plosive consonants. We used VCV speech chains for the experiment on contextual effects. The speech chain consists of Korean plosive consonants /g, d, b, K, T, P, k, t, p/ (/ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ, ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ/) and eight Korean monothongs. The inputs to Neural Net Models were several temporal cues - duration of the silence, transition and vot -, and the extent of the VC formant transitions to the presence of voicing energy during closure, burst intensity, presence of asperation, amount of low frequency energy present at voicing onset, and CV formant transition extent from the acoustic signals. Model I showed about 55 - 67 %, Model II showed about 60%, and Model III showed about 67% recognition rate.

• 경영정보학연구
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.61-80
• /
• 2018

지금까지 스마트폰 문자 메시지와 관련한 연구는 보안 및 프라이버시 우려 측면에서 제한적으로 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 기업들이 소비자를 대상으로 프로모션 메시지를 전달할 때 어떤 메시지가 효과적인지 규명하는 시도는 많지 않았다. 본 연구는 스마트폰의 메시지 신뢰도를 저하하는 신호를 정교화 가능성 모델에 적용하여 분석하였다. 메시지의 신호는 내용 상의 신호와 수신자가 세심한 검토 없이 의사결정을 하도록 하는 누설 신호(맞춤법 및 특수문자, 축약 링크, 신뢰할 수 없는 발신자 등)로 나눌 수 있다. 이 중 내용 상의 신호에 조절효과를 주는 요소는 맥락화로 메시지가 자신과 상관있다고 느끼는 정도(관여도)이다. 메시지의 신호가 스마트폰 사용자의 메시지 신뢰도에 주는 영향을 검증하기 위해 모바일에서 쿠폰발행 메시지를 받는 시나리오를 바탕으로 166명 대상의 서베이 실험을 진행하였다. 분석 결과, 누설 신호는 유의한 수준으로 신뢰도에 부정적 영향을 주었고, 내용 상의 결함은 근소한 수준에서 부정적 영향을 주었다. 주목할 점은 고맥락화 메시지에 내용 상의 결함이 있으면 유의한 수준으로 신뢰도에 부정적 영향을 주었으나, 저맥락화된 메시지의 경우에는 신뢰도에 영향을 주지 않았으며, 메시지에 누설 신호가 있으면 맥락화 정도와 상관없이 신뢰도가 저하되었다는 것이다. 이는 기업들이 모바일을 통한 프로모션을 진행할 때 관여도가 높은 상품을 골라 고객 맞춤형으로 문자 메시지를 작성하고, 메시지에는 내용 상의 결함이 없도록 하는 것이 중요하다는 시사점을 제공한다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.47-55
• /
• 2018

Objectives: Clinical improvements can be observed following placebo administrations in clinical trials. Randomized controlled trials have been conducted to disentangle the specific effects of therapeutic interventions over the past decade. In acupuncture trials, non-penetrating placebo needles offer the opportunity to determine the specific effects of needling. Methods: The present review provides an overview of the concept of the placebo effect and the characteristics of the placebo needles. Results: Placebo control can contribute to minimize for bias and the contextual and psychological components of therapeutic interventions. Placebo control should meet two criteria: blinding efficacy (indistinguishable from active treatment) and physiological inertness. In the case of acupuncture, however, it is difficult to meet both criteria simultaneously. The dilemma of placebo needles suggests that placebo needles do not constitute proper control in acupuncture research. Considering the characteristics of placebo needles, patients are more likely to perceive placebo needles as active treatment in acupuncture trials compared to placebo pills in pharmaceutical trials. Placebo response might be observed more frequently to placebo needles than to placebo pills. When acupuncture treatments are utilized in clinical use, placebo effects can be enhanced by exploiting patients' expectations in the contextual or environmental cues that surround medical intervention. Conclusions: We have to consider these unique characteristics of placebo needles in order to avoid drawing premature conclusions that acupuncture itself is just a placebo.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국해양정보통신학회 2005년도 춘계종합학술대회
• /
• pp.1145-1148
• /
• 2005

본 논문에서는 다양한 시각적 정보와 일정한 관련 정보를 통합하여 인간의 피로도를 추론하기 위하여 베이지안 네트워크를 기반으로 한 확률 모델을 제안하고자 한다. 먼저 눈꺼풀의 움직임, 시선, 머리의 움직임, 그리고 얼굴 표정 같은 개인의 상태를 특성 지을 수 있는 시각적 매개변수를 측정하였다. 그러나 각각의 시각적 정보와 일정한 관련 정보만으로 인간의 피로도를 결정하기에는 충분하지 않으므로, 본 논문에서는 인간의 피로도를 모니터링 하기 위하여 가능한 많은 관련 정보와 시각 정보를 융합하여 베이지안 네트워크 모델을 개발하였다. 실험 결과, 피로 예측과 모델링을 위해 제안된 베이지안 네트워크의 유용함을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.129-144
• /
• 2020

Recent advances in digital purchase platforms allow consumer to easy to access online purchase, but the online purchase systems often occurs a negative situations such as service failure. When customer experiences negative service, they want to communicate with the company online chatting service. But not much is known about how customers online chatting service's contextual cues effectiveness. So, the current research seeks to examine the effects of type of online chatting service interface and company market status on customers' perception of service quality and satisfaction with online chatting services. The results of two studies show that, when customer experienced negative online service, they expected to a high status (vs a low status) company had offered better service. but their service request are not met, customers perceive better service quality if served by a low status (vs high status) company represented by a logo (vs. an emoji). These findings will help marketing practitioners strategically how design their chatting service interface according to the their status when they communicate with customer who experienced negative service.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2003

This study attempted to determine the effects of a context-based drawing task on the language expression of a severe Wernicke's and Broca's aphasic. The subjects in this study showed a poor auditory comprehension and naming performance. They also showed paraphasia and perseveration. This study focused on improving language expression by a drawing task based on conversation at hand. Ten target words were chosen which were easily drawnable and familiar to the subjects. The results showed that the context-based drawing task was effective on improving the subjects' confrontation naming ability and expressive language ability in terms of explanation of sentences. In addition, the Broca's aphasic showed improved naming ability when the contextual cues were given and he was supposed to spontaneously name words.

• 대한전기학회논문지
• /
• 제40권8호
• /
• pp.782-791
• /
• 1991

In the fields of pattern recognition such as speech recognition, several new techniques using Artifical Neural network Models have been proposed and implemented. In particular, the Multilayer Perception Model has been shown to be effective in static speech pattern recognition. But speech has dynamic or temporal characteristics and the most important point in implementing speech recognition systems using Artificial Neural Network Models for continuous speech is the learning of dynamic characteristics and the distributed cues and contextual effects that result from temporal characteristics. But Recurrent Multilayer Perceptron Model is known to be able to learn sequence of pattern. In this paper, the results of applying the Recurrent Model which has possibilities of learning tedmporal characteristics of speech to phoneme recognition is presented. The test data consist of 144 Vowel+ Consonant + Vowel speech chains made up of 4 Korean monothongs and 9 Korean plosive consonants. The input parameters of Artificial Neural Network model used are the FFT coefficients, residual error and zero crossing rates. The Baseline model showed a recognition rate of 91% for volwels and 71% for plosive consonants of one male speaker. We obtained better recognition rates from various other experiments compared to the existing multilayer perceptron model, thus showed the recurrent model to be better suited to speech recognition. And the possibility of using Recurrent Models for speech recognition was experimented by changing the configuration of this baseline model.