• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.187-193
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• 2019

Electroless Ni-P coatings are widely used in the chemical, mechanical, and electronic industries because of their excellent wear and abrasion resistance. In this study, the effect of $TiO_2$ particles of composite coating was investigated. To improve the corrosion resistance, electroless $Ni-P-TiO_2$composite coating was studied by varying the $TiO_2$ content. The morphology and phase structure of $Ni-P-TiO_2$ composite coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The result showed that $Ni-P-TiO_2$composite coating is composed of Ni, P, Ti and O. It exhibits an amorphous structure, high hardness and good corrosion resistance to the substrate. $Ni-P-TiO_2$ composite coatings have higher open circuit potential than that of the substrate, which obtained at $TiO_2$ content of 5.0 g/L optimal integrated properties.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.676-681
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• 2002

Microstructure, mechanical properties, and oxidation resistance of TiAIN thin films deposited on quenched and tempered STD61 tool steel by arc ion plating were studied using XRD, XPS and micro-balance. The TiAIN film was grown with the (200) orientation. The grain size of TiAIN thin film decreased with increasing Al contents, while chemical binding energy increased with Al contents. When hard coating films were oxidized at $850^{\circ}C$ in air, oxidation resistance of both TiN and TiCN films became relatively lower since the surface of films formed non-protective film such as $TiO_2$. However, oxidation resistance of TiAIN film was excellent because its surface formed protective layer such as $_A12$$O_3$ and $_Al2$$Ti_{7}$$O_{15}$, which suppressed oxygen intrusion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.42-45
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• 2001

(Ba$_{0.6-x}$Sr$_{0.4}$Ca$_{x}$)TiO$_3$+yZrO$_2$wt% (x=1.10, 0.15, 0.20, y=0.5~3.0) specimens were fabricated by the mixed and ZrO$_2$ contents were studied. All BSCT specimens contents were studied. All BSCT specimens showed dense and homogeneous structure without the presence of the seconds phase. The Curie temperature and the dielectric constant at room temperature decreased with increasing the Ca/Ba composition ratio and ZrO$_2$ content. The BSCT(50/40/10) specimens showed the excellent tunability property. And the tunability were increased with increasing the contents of ZrO$_2$./TEX>.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.645-647
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• 2014

We synthesized $TiO_2$ ($Ru_x/TiO_2$) incorporating $TiO_2$ and Ru via an one-step hydrothermal method. The physical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The prepared samples were applied as a catalyst for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde using molecular oxygen ($O_2$). Especially, the catalytic activities increased as the contents of ruthenium in $TiO_2$ increased without the formation of any byproducts.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2017

In this work, the effects of nano $TiO_2$ on functionality and stability of low density polyethylene (LDPE) composite films were investigated for food packaging application. LDPE-nano $TiO_2$ composite films were prepared with various $TiO_2$ contents (0, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0wt%) by melt-extrusion and their basic properties such as crystallinity, chemical bonds and surface morphology were examined by XRD, FTIR and SEM. Ultraviolet (UV) light barrier property of as-prepared LDPE-nano $TiO_2$ composite films was also studied and the presence of nano $TiO_2$ resulted in significant improvement of UV light barrier compared to the pure LDPE film. To evaluate influence of nano $TiO_2$ on LDPE properties required as packaging material, thermal, mechanical, gas barrier and optical properties of LDPE-nano $TiO_2$ composite films were characterized with various analytical techniques including TGA, UTM, OTR, WVTR and UV-vis spectroscopy. As a result, except optical property of LDPE, no significant effects were found in other properties. Opacity of pure LDPE was greatly increased with increasing concentration of nano $TiO_2$.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.21 no.B
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• pp.21-26
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• 2001

In this study, the effects of crystalinity, composition and particle size of $TiO_2$ catalysts on the degradations of humic acid in aqueous solution was assessed using the commercially avaliable $TiO_2$ particles. Photocatalytic oxidations of humic acid (HA, Aldrich Co.) solution were carried out in case of adding different types of $TiO_2$ catalysts and their decomposition efficiencies were analyzed with respect to pH, DOC and UV absorbances values for the HA solutions and compared one another. The experimental results showed that $TiO_2$ particles(Degussa P-25) mixed with anataze and rutile gave the highest degradation efficiencies, respectively and much lower degradation efficiency in $TiO_2$ paticles of rutile only type. In comparing among ST series of anataze types, it was observed that the degradation efficiencies generally were increased with increasing $TiO_2$ contents and surface area of the particles. Higher degradation efficiency of HA was also found in zeolite type(D-TZ) of $TiO_2$ paticles compared with hydroxyapatite type (D-TH) of $TiO_2$ particles.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.301-308
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• 1997

The LNT ceramics which has the large negative temperature coefficient of resonant frequency ($\tau_1$) were manufactured by varying the $TiO_2$ contents. The effects of secondary phase $TiO_2$ which was caused by excess $TiO_2$ on the microstructure, phase transformations and microwave dielectric properties in ($Li_{1/2}Nd_{1/2}$)$TiO_3$ binary system were studied by X-ray and SEM. In case of adding up to 5 mol% $TiO_2$ on LNT, the liquid phase $TiO_2$which was created in the grain boundary of LNT not only increased the bulk density but also caused the nonhomogeneous structure of LNT which reduced the microwave dielectric characteristics. But the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency was improved by the 10 mol% addition of $TiO_2$.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2002

$Al_2O_3$ composites powders with 1∼11 wt% $TiO_2$ were prepared by wet method and sintered at 1350$^{\circ}C$, 1450$^{\circ}C$ for 2h. Mechanical properties and microstructural evolution were investigated in this study. $Al_2O_3$-3 wt% $TiO_2$ composite were high bulk density of 2.37 g/$cm^3$ and low apparent porosity of 6.3%. The composites containing of 3 wt% $TiO_2$ showed moderately high bending strength of 68.9 MPa and the young's modulus of 35.5 MPa. The composites with increasing $TiO_2$ contents exhibit reduced thermal expansion coefficient due to the formation of $Al_2TiO_5$ phase.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.451-456
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• 1991

Electrical properties of 0.15 mol% Y2O3 doped semiconducting BaTiO3 ceramics have been investigated as functions of Pb5Ge3O11 contents (from 0.25 mol% to 2.5 mol%) and sintering temperatures (from 1150$^{\circ}C$ to 1300$^{\circ}C$). The low-temperature sintered BaTiO3 ceramics above 1150$^{\circ}C$ show increase of Curie temperature due to the diffusion of Pb+2 ions, and their PTCR effects decrease. As the sintering temperature increases the room temperature resistance decreases due to the growth of the grain, but the room temperature resistance increases with the increase of the Pb5Ge3O11 contents by the formation of thick insulating layers at the grain boundary.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.33-36
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• 2014

This study was aimed at synthesizing and characterizing cerium-doped titania. Cerium-doped anatase titania powders were prepared by sol-gel process, with ammonium (IV) nitrate and titanium (IV) butoxide as the raw materials. The characteristics of pure $TiO_2$ and cerium-doped $TiO_2$ were investigated by XRD, TG/DTA, FE-SEM, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The results of this study show that anatase type of $TiO_2$ was obtained in as-prepared and calcined $TiO_2$ and Ce-$TiO_2$ powder. A DTA curve was also observed as the crystallization temperature decreased with increasing cerium contents. We found that the crystallite size of the obtained anatase particles decreased from 55 nm to 25 nm and the particle size decreased with increasing cerium contents. Moreover, UV-vis spectra showed that anatase titania powders with various cerium contents effectively extend the light absorption properties to the visible region.