• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.143-157
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• 2006

The purpose of this thesis is to develop a heuristic algorithm evaluating the layout to maximize number of boxes when a single-box-type is packed into a container. Actually because three-dimensional problems are involved in NP-complete, much study has been focused on heuristic algorithms. The basic concept of this study is as follows. The problem is solved as palletizing problems with each side of the container respectively. By using the height of boxes, the problem is extended to a three-dimensional problem. Consequently, through this thesis, we can get good solution and the result is displayed by three-dimensional computer graphic.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.128-135
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• 2018

The various video recording device, like car black box and cctv, are used currently and video contents are used as evidence of traffic accidents and scenes of crime. To verify integrity of video content, there are various study on manipulated video content analysis. Among these studies, a study based on analysis of video file structure and its variables needs a tool which can be used to analyze file structure and extract interested attributes. In this paper, we proposed design and implementation of an analyzing tool which visualizes video file structure and its attributes. The proposed tool use a model which reflects commonality of various video container format, so it is available to analyze video structure with regardless of the video file types. And the tool specifies interested file structure properties in XML and therefore we can change target properties easily without modification of the tool.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.195-203
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• 2018

The wave impact on ships could cause local damage to the ship's hull, which has been a concerning issue during the ship design process. In recent years, local structural damages of ships caused by slamming loads have been reported by accident; therefore, it is necessary to study the local slamming pressure loads and structural response assessment. In the present study, slamming loads around the ship's bow region in the presence of regular wave have been simulated by RANS equations discretized with a cell-centered finite volume method (FVM) in conjunction with the $k-{\Box}$ turbulence model. The dynamic structural response has been calculated using an explicit FE method. By adding the slamming pressure load of each time step to the finite element model, establishing the reasonable boundary conditions, and considering the material strain-rate effects, the dynamic response prediction of the bow flare structure has been achieved. The results and insights of this study will be helpful to design a container ship that is resistant enough to withstand bow flare slamming loads.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

If a system has a large boundary and complexity, forecast's accuracy will be very low when consider the system's substance as black box. Thus, it is necessary that analysis by structure model. To examine competition in Northeast Asia Ports, it has assumed that the form of structure model, For which the System Dynamics method is adapted in this paper. Northeast Asia Ports Model includes five ports - Pusan, Kobe, Yokohama, Kaoshiung, Keelung, - which are adjacent to each other by geographically and has a competition relation. The Northeast Asia Ports Model has several sub-systems which consists of each unit port models. And, each unit port model found by quantitive, qualititive factors and their feedback loops. All effects which components of one port have influence to components of the rest ports must be surveyed in order to construct Northeast Asia Ports Model, but it may be impossible currently. In this paper Northeast Asia Ports Model was simplified by HFP-Hierarchical Fuzzy Process Method-adapted to integration of level variables of unit port model. Container cargo volumes in Northeast Ports Model is distributed by results of HFP method. And distributed container cargo volumes effected to unit port model. Developed model can estimate change of container cargo volumes in competitive relation by alternation of simple parameter, and reflects dynamics characteristics which are included in model.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.273-282
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in the recovery of equipment using full containers loaded with freight instead of direct container transportation according to the sales policy considering the cost of transporting the containers. The EMU operation case was analyzed. The policies implemented by Company A to provide EMU credits depended only on the relative accountability contribution margin per box (RA CMPB) for the profitability of backhaul full freight. Therefore, these policies resulted in limitations in sales based on profitable accountability (PA) CMPB, which is more profitable. Moreover, while some Asian regions have surplus equipment, many Asian destinations to which their freight is exported have equipment shortages. Thus, in some cases, service sales to the regions with surplus equipment generated greater company-wide profits when compared with the return of empty containers or sales to the regions with insufficient equipment. In other words, the conditions for providing EMU credits should be changed, and even the full freight between regions with surplus equipment should be provided with credit amounts in which potential factory and transport costs in a destination are pre-reflected.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.402-405
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• 1999

Pusan, Kwanagju, Yangjae Floriculture Auction Market to packaging and distribution status of cut flowers in Korean markets from October, 1997 to Feburuary, 1998 this study was surveyed. In case of packaging, the inner packaging materials was used almost used news papers and polyethylene films, the outer box was double wall corrugated paperboard box. Plastic container box was a few. The using shape of box was A-1 type, bending materials was PP film and OPP tape. There was whole sale and retail in all Korean markets in case of distribution. The distribution route was three, the one was farmers through consignments in Seoul to consummers, it was 42% of total distribution volume. The other was auction market in Yangjae, the distribution volume was 18%. The last was distributed in farmers and provincial markets by the dealers, the volume was 40%. All farmers and officers want to applicate the standard regulation of packaging box, but dealers were not.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2005

This study was to examine the effect of the opening ratio (area of spile hole/total surface area) of plastic container and storage temperature on physicochemical changes of fresh ginseng. At room temperature ($19\~23^{\circ}C$, RH $40\~61\%$), fungi and spoilage were observed 4 and 10 days, respectively after storing the fresh ginseng in a closed container. In storage container with $1\%$ opening ratio, fungi appeared 8 days after storage. In the container with $5\%$ and $10\%$ opening ratio, fresh ginseng showed excessive loss of moisture on the surface only after 4 days. The weight loss was most remarkable in the container with 5 and $10\%$ opening ratio. Content of maltose and sucrose decreased gradually in accordance with storage time but the extent of decreasing ratio was less significant in the container with lower opening ratio. At low temperature $(4\~9^{\circ}C,\;RH\;72\~92\%)$, no fungi but $10\%$ loss of weight was observed in the container with $5\%$ and $10\%$ opening ratio after 12 days storage. But in the tightly closed container and $1\%$ opening ratio for spiting, fresh ginseng showed good appearance even after 30 days of storage. Free sugars, especially maltose revealed gradual decrease but sucrose gradually increase following decrease at the beginning. This result suggests that storage condition of low temperature and opening ratio of plastic box less than $1\%$ can extend storage span of fresh ginseng significantly.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.225-245
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• 2022

More and more shipping containers are falling into the sea due to bad weather. Containers lost at sea negatively affect the shipping line, the trader and the consumer, and the environment. The question of locating and recovering dropped containers is a challenging engineering problem. Model-testing of small-scaled container models is proposed as an efficient way to investigate their falling trajectories to salvage them. In this study, we first build a standard 20-ft container model in SOLIDWORKS. Then, a three-dimensional (3D) geometric model in the STL (Standard Tessellation Language) format is exported to a Stratasys F170 Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printer. In total, six models were made of acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA) and printed for the purpose of testing. They represent three different loading conditions with different densities and center of gravity (COG). Two samples for each condition were tested. The physical models were dropped into the towing tank of University of New Orleans (UNO). From the experimental tests, it is found that the impact of the initial position after sinking can cause a certain initial rolling velocity, which may have a great impact on the lateral displacement, and subsequently affect the final landing position. This series of model tests not only provide experimental data for the study of the trajectory of box-shape objects but also provide a valuable reference for maritime salvage operations and for the pipeline layout design.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.5-14
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• 2010

To simulate two-dimensional plane-strain conditions in the laboratory model test, the side frictional resistance between the soil and thick glass or plastic sheet of the soil container should be reduced as much as possible. However, in fact this side friction cannot be removed completely. In this paper, the ground model simulated as a multi-sized aluminium rod mixture was introduced to get rid of the side frictional resistance and applied to the laboratory shear box test. In addition, an application of the close range photogrammetric technique to the shear box test was validated. As a result, it was found that a mean value of dilation angle from the close range photogrammetry was close to the dilation angle defined by the curve of shear strain vs. volumetric strain.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.822-832
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• 2023

This study investigates the effectiveness of CA (controlled atmosphere) containers in maintaining the freshness of exported melons. The melons were harvested on June 5, 2023, in the Yeongam area of Jeollanam-do, Korea. The CA container was loaded with melon samples packed in an export box. The temperature inside the container was set at 4℃, while the gas composition was set at 5% oxygen, 12% carbon dioxide, and 83% nintrogen. Following two weeks of simulated transportation, quality analysis was conducted at 10℃. The melons were inoculated with spore suspensions, and the decay rate was determined to investigate the effect of the gas composition inside the CA container on suppressing the occurrence of Penicillium oxalicum in melons. The results were compared with a Reefer container set at the same temperature. The samples transported in the CA container exhibited lower weight loss. The melon pulp softening, respiration rate, and ethylene production were slower using the CA container. Moreover, the decay rate during the distribution period in the CA container was lower than in the Reefer container. In contrast, the firmness of melons transported in the Reefer container decreased significantly (from 9.03N to 5.18N) immediately after transportation. The soluble solid content (SSC) of melons transported in the Reefer container also decreased rapidly. The results suggested that the CA container is the optimal export container for maintaining the freshness of melons.