• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.83-105
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• 2013

During recent decades, the number of mixed attribute products (henceforth mixed products), which have both utilitarian and hedonic benefits, has increased dramatically. Despite these products' growing popularity, academic research has paid little attention to them, and there remains a gap between theory and the real world. Hence, our study was undertaken to understand consumers' perceptions about and behaviors toward mixed products, as well as factors affecting the evaluation and choice of these products. We divided mixed attribute products into two categories: mixed utilitarian products (utilitarian products adding hedonic attributes) and mixed hedonic products (hedonic products adding utilitarian attributes). We then showed how adding different attributes affects consumers' perception, willingness to pay (WTP), and the choice of mixed attribute products compared to pure utilitarian or pure hedonic products. We conducted an experiment using a within-subject design. A total of 160 office workers and college students participated in the study. The pure utilitarian product used in the study was orange juice, and the mixed utilitarian product was carbonated orange juice. The pure hedonic product was chocolate, and the mixed hedonic product was polyphenol enriched chocolate. Results showed that consumers perceived a mixed utilitarian product to be less utilitarian, less pleasurable and more guilty than a pure utilitarian product. On the other hand, a mixed hedonic product was perceived to be more utilitarian, less pleasurable and less guilty than a pure hedonic product. Also, WTP for a mixed hedonic product was higher than WTP for a pure hedonic product, but WTP was lower for a mixed utilitarian product than for a pure utilitarian product. Furthermore, mixed hedonic products were likely to be evaluated more favorably when they were presented together with pure hedonic products, more so than when they were presented alone. Finally, when compared to low self-control participants, high self-control participants chose mixed hedonic products more frequently. The present study contributes to the existing literature on utilitarian and hedonic consumption by adding to the sparse literature on the consumption of products that have both utilitarian and hedonic purposes. Also, our research findings provide several useful implications for practitioners in related fields. First, the current study provides marketers with a useful guide for understanding consumers' perceptions of these types of products, and helps to predict how adding different attributes influences these products. Second, this study has examined the conditions that may moderate the evaluation and choice of hedonic base products and this finding will serve as a good reference for marketers of mixed hedonic products in marketing communication strategy, in-store marketing and targeting. Specifically, comparative advertising with a pure hedonic product will be beneficial for a mixed hedonic product. Also, displaying mixed hedonic products near pure hedonic products may enhance the effectiveness of in-store marketing of mixed hedonic products.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.330-347
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• 2023

Purpose: This study identified words closely associated with the keyword "dietary supplement" (DS) using big data in Korean social media and investigated consumer perceptions and trends related to DSs before (2019) and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (2021). Methods: A total of 37,313 keywords were found for the 2019 period, and 35,336 keywords were found for the 2021 period using blogs and cafes on Daum and Naver. Results were derived by text mining, semantic networking, network visualization analysis, and sentiment analysis. Results: The DS-related keywords that frequently appeared before and after COVID-19 were "recommend", "vitamin", "health", "children", "multiple", and "lactobacillus". "Calcium", "lutein", "skin", and "immunity" also had high frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) values. These keywords imply a keen interest in DSs among Korean consumers. Big data results also reflected social phenomena related to DSs; for example, "baby" and "pregnant woman" had lower TD-IDF values after the pandemic, suggesting lower marriage and birth rates but higher values for "joint", indicating reduced physical activity. A network centered on vitamins and health care was produced by semantic network analysis in 2019. In 2021, values were highest for deficiency and need, indicating that individuals were searching for DSs after the COVID-19 pandemic due to a lack an awareness of the need for adequate nutrient intake. Before the pandemic, DSs and vitamins were associated with healthcare and life cycle-related topics, such as pregnancy, but after the COVID-19 pandemic, consumer interests changed to disease prevention and treatment. Conclusion: This study provides meaningful clues regarding consumer perceptions and trends related to DSs before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and fundamental data on the effect of the pandemic on consumer interest in dietary supplements.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

The purpose of this research was to investigate consumers' perceptions of foods that are most compatible with traditional Korean liquors. The study participants were a total of 402 customers who visited traditional Korean bars. Thirty-eight percent of the participants drank alcohol once or twice a week, and overall, 79% drank with friends or co-workers. Forty-three percent spent 30,000-40,000 won on alcoholic drinks, and half of them frequently drank distilled Soju whereas 27% drank beer. Those who drank traditional Korean liquor chose to do so because they viewed it as good for their health and the beverage was tasty. Participants selected Yakju/Baekseju (47.5%), Bokbunjaju (21.1%), and Takju/Makgeoli (8.2%) as the most compatible Korean traditional liquors with Korean traditional foods. The most compatible foods with Yakju were identified as Haemulpajeon (11.8%), Dubukimchi (9.8%), and Bossam/Suyuk/Pyeonyuk (7.5%). Bokbunjaju was viewed as a good match with Jangeogui (8.1%), Hunjeori (6.5%), and Saengseonhoe (6.4%). The respondents perceived Deodeokgui (6.7%), Saengseonhoe (5.9%), and Dubukimchi (5.6%) as the most compatible foods with Yakju with mushrooms. Chengju was viewed as a good pairing with Eomuktang (9.2%), Altang/Maeuntang (7.2%), and Saengseonhoe (6.8%). The respondents thought Takju went well with Haemulpajeon (17.7%), Dubukimchi (14.2%), and Kimchijeon (11.7%). And finally, Altang/Maeuntang (11.8%), Samgyeopsalgui (8.7%), and Honghaptang/Jogaetang (8.1%) were mentioned as the most compatible foods with distilled Soju.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.699-705
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• 2024

본 연구는 최근 등장한 AI 프로필에 대한 10대 청소년들의 인식과 사용 실태를 조사하여 이 기술의 긍정적 활용 방향을 탐구하는 목적이 있다. AI 기술 발전은 다양한 산업에 변화를 일으켰으며, 2023년부터 시작된 AI 프로필 서비스는 SNS 프로필이나 개인 블로그 이미지로 많이 사용되며 큰 인기를 끌었다. 그러나 최근 주민등록증과 같은 식별 목적의 신분증에 사용하면서 사회적 논란이 되고 있다. 그러나 청소년들을 대상으로 한 조사 결과, 신분증 발급을 위한 목적으로 AI 프로필을 사용하지 않았다. AI 프로필 서비스에 대한 만족도는 높았으나, 부자연스러움과 제한된 스타일에 대한 불만도 있었다. 그리고 남학생보다 여학생들의 AI 프로필에 대해 높은 인식과 사용 경험을 보였다. 본 연구는 AI 프로필 개발 및 마케팅 전략 수립과 AI 프로필과 관련된 국가 정책 마련에 참고 자료가 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.201-230
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• 2024

본 연구는 건강식 레스토랑의 소비자 리뷰를 분석하여 고객이 인식하는 건강성 요인을 파악하고자 하였다. 이전 연구들은 주로 식품 제품의 건강성에 초점을 맞춘 반면 레스토랑의 관점에서 온라인 리뷰 분석을 통한 건강성 연구는 제한적이다. 이를 위해 텍스트 마이닝 방법론 중 동시 출현 네트워크 분석과 LDA 토픽 모델링을 사용하여 대규모 온라인 리뷰 데이터에서 건강식 레스토랑에 대한 소비자의 건강 관련 인식과 선호도를 조사하였다. 분석 결과, 소비자들은 건강식 레스토랑을 선택할 때 맛, 식재료의 카테고리, 신선도, 가격, 영양 성분, 건강 옵션, 메뉴의 다양성 등 다양한 건강 관련 요소를 중시하며 이러한 요소들은 레스토랑의 평가 및 선택에 중대한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 건강식 레스토랑에서 제공되는 음식의 맛이 건강성과 밀접하게 연결되어 있음을 발견하였고 재료에서 느껴지는 건강한 맛에 대한 중요성이 강조되었다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 건강한 레스토랑이 소비자의 건강성 인식을 어떻게 반영하고 충족시킬 수 있는지에 대한 실질적인 통찰을 제공하며, 식품 및 외식 산업의 건강 트렌드에 대응하는 전략적 방향을 제시한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2013

Purpose - Ethical consumption is the action of buying one product over another with an ethical idea in mind. It has gained in popularity since the 1990s with more emphasis being put on the power of consumer actions to create social, economic, and environmental change. Ethical consumption involves boycotts of certain products or brands as well as purchases linked to ethical issues. Cause-related marketing (the buying behavior of ethical consumption) involves a for-profit and non-profit entity teaming up to promote a product at the same time as promoting a social cause. Each time a consumer buys that product, a donation is made by the for-profit entity to the non-profit entity supporting the specific cause. Cause-related marketing has become a tremendously popular type of ethical consumption in recent years owing to its reputation of allowing companies to "do well by doing good." This study examines how consumers' perception of cause and attitude influence their attitude toward a cause-related marketing campaign and attempts to suggest implications for marketers. Research design, data, and methodology - First, this study was designed to examine the consumers' perception factors (cause involvement, attitude for cause, attitude for company and brand familiarity) in order to determine whether these factors have significantly affected consumers' attitude toward a cause-related marketing campaign. Second, this study developed a structural equation model and tested it empirically using survey data from 223 individual respondents. Respondents were undergraduate students in Chungnam. They were shown an existing real campaign message of cause-related marketing, and then filled out a questionnaire. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 17.0 programs. Results - The hypotheses were tested using factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The study's results showed that brand familiarity, attitude to the company and attitude to the cause significantly affected consumers' attitude toward the cause-related marketing campaign and performance. In particular, attitude to the cause was significantly related to attitude and performance of the cause-related marketing campaign. However, the hypothesis about cause involvement was not supported with the results indicating that cause involvement did not affect consumers' attitude toward the cause-related marketing campaign. The findings underline the importance of consumer perceptions of the cause and the company and their attitude to the cause. They point to the importance of individual differences that influence consumer perceptions of the cause, the company and brand familiarity. Also of importance is the consumer's attitude to the cause. Conclusions - The findings suggest some practical implications in designing and implementing cause-related marketing campaigns. It is important to enhance brand familiarity and create a favorable attitude to the company and attitude to the cause before designing cause-related marketing campaigns. The rising popularity of cause-related marketing has been attributed to its potential to cut through advertising clutter. The findings in this study suggest that marketing campaigns supporting a cause make a difference.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2018

공유가치창출은 기업의 수익과 경쟁중심적 전략에서 벗어나 기업의 활동이 사회적 가치에 연결될 수 있도록 방향을 전환하는 경영전략이다. 본 연구는 이러한 기업의 공유가치창출활동에 대한 소비자의 인식이 어떠하며 이러한 기업활동에 참여하고자 하는 의도는 어떠한지를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공유가치창출전략의 실천가능성에 대해 소비자들은 전반적으로 긍정적인 인식을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 소비자의 실천가능성인식, 혜택인지가 소비자의 공유가치창출활동 참여의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 구조방정식모형으로 분석한 결과, 공유가치창출활동의 실천가능성에 대한 긍정적 인식은 기업혜택인지의 수준을 높이고 이것이 다시 소비자혜택으로 이어지는 매개효과가 직접효과에 비해 더 큰 영향력을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기업혜택과 소비자혜택에 대한 인지수준이 소비자의 참여의도에 미치는 영향을 구체적으로 살펴본 결과, 기업측면에서의 실용적인 성과를 높게 인지할 때, 그리고 이러한 기업혜택이 소비자혜택으로 연결된다고 여겨질 때 참여의도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.87-97
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study is to understand the internal and external responses that consumers experience when they are exposed to an innovative system in retail stores. This study considered the SST(Self-Service Technology) system in a retail setting as a type of functional environmental stimuli and selected a smart shopping cart as an example of SST system. The influences of functional environmental stimuli on consumers' emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses were examined by applying S-O-R model. In addition, this study attempted to extend the traditional S-O-R model by (a) incorporating personal characteristics variables such as time pressure and perceived crowding and (b) considering not only emotional but also cognitive aspects of consumers' internal responses. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: This study used a video-scenario technique. Participants watched a video about grocery shopping situations using a smart shopping cart and responded to their emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses. An online survey was conducted using Amazon's Mechanical Turk (N = 185). All participants were US consumers over 20 years old and had been shopping at the grocery store in the last month. Data were analyzed through structural equations modeling with AMOS 20. Results: Test results showed that consumers who perceived higher levels of time pressure and perceived crowding in usual shopping situations were more likely to evaluate the SST system favorably. The results showed that personal characteristics have a significant impact on consumers' evaluation of functional environmental stimuli in retail setting. As consumers evaluated the SST system favorably, they experienced more positive affect and less negative affect during their shopping behaviors. Positive affect led to good service quality inference, which further increased patronize intention. However, negative affect did not show a significant impact on service quality inference, but only on patronize intention. Conclusions: This study attempted to investigate the influence of SST system by extending the traditional S-O-R model. This study classified the SST system as functional environmental stimulus of retail stores and analyzed the effect of stimulus on consumers' internal and external responses. The results of this study showed that the introduction of innovative SST can serve as an effective store differentiation strategy in an increasingly competitive retail environment.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.334-343
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aims to investigate consumers' demand of and perspective on drug information domestically available and uncover hurdles that they faced while utilizing information. Methods: We conducted a survey of 101 consumers, face-to-face after obtaining informed consent. Chi-squared, or Fisher's exact tests, and multivariate logistic models were used to investigate the association between participants' perceptions and characteristics. Results: As results, participants showed the highest demand for "Adverse effects >90%"; "Drug interactions/Dosage/Drug-food interactions/Indication >80%", and utilized package inserts (52%), doctors (41%) and pharmacists (36%) most often as information sources. Generally, the most common difficulty consumers suffered with was that "it is hard to understand (51%)". With public sources of drug information, sixty one percent of participants were "unaware of the provision of information", resulting in strikingly low usage rates (5~11%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the older (${\geq}50$ years) and the disadvantaged might have been placed in the blind spot of information mostly developed online (p<0.05).Conclusion: In conclusion, public sources of drug information that have been developed online might fail to meet consumers' demand. Greater efforts should be made to balance the development of the information sources between online and offline, and to increase accessibility of the established information sources.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.391-405
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• 2018

There has been an increasing and widespread use of smartphones to make consumer purchases. Given the stark increases in the sales of business transactions using mobile phones, it is obvious that mobile phones have become major mediums for consumer purchases. Through mobile phones, people can make their purchases anytime, anywhere, which leads their impulse of consumption directly to actual actions of consumption. Consequently, mobile commerce has become widely spread and the competition of the market has intensified. The main findings and implications of this study are as follows. First, it is shown that, among the features of mobile commerce, elements of fun, usefulness, convenience, immediateness, and security affect mobile commerce user satisfaction. Second, among mobile commerce-related consumers' propensity, innovative consumption tendency appears to impact mobile commerce user satisfaction and repurchase intention. Third, recognition of elements in regards to fun, usefulness, convenience, immediateness, and security among features of mobile commerce affect consumers' intention to repurchase mobile commerce. Future recognition for mobile commerce has a direct impact on increasing consumers' repurchase intentions. Last, a higher mobile commerce user satisfaction leads to the higher repurchase intentions.