• Spatial Information Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.11-26
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to analyze the locational characteristics of bank branch offices in Kangnam-Gu, Seoul by using Geographic Information System. The number of bank branch offices have sharply increased due to financial liberalization, while the scale of them is getting smaller. The procedure of this research has four steps. First, the spatial distribution of bank branch offices in Seoul is analyzed by the places and time. Second, the spatial variations of bank offices in dong districts of Seoul is explained by factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. Third, the location-allocation model which is embedded within network module in Arc/Info is applied in order to find out optimal location of bank offices in Kangnam-Gu. Finally, the grid module is used in creating the potential surface map for locational sites of new bank branch offices The factors to affect the location of the bank offices contain mainly economic variables including local tax, collUl1ercial area, total establismnent and total employment. The actual locational pattern of bank offices is similar to the idealized locational pattern proposed by the function of min-distance in location-allocation models. In conclusion, this study shows that spatial analysis functions may potentially be improved using GIS technologies. However in order to analyze the location of bank offices more precisely, it should be found out the way to collect more appropriate data, construct computerized base maps, and investigate consumer behaviour and behavioural characteristics of bank themselves..

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.359-366
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• 2017

As the quality of life increases and the aesthetic value of the product is emphasized, it tend to consider the sensitivity of consumers in designing goods. The importance of storytelling is becoming more prominent as the purchasing factor of products shifted from the center of the product to emotional of products. In this paper, the purpose of developing emotional marketing craft design using storytelling is to understand the storytelling concept and analyze the case of craft design using storytelling. Craft is an easy-to-value or aesthetic value of the goods in the fields of design, diversity and originality can be pursued and has unlimited potential. Now, in addition to the semantic value of expressive values with a consumer sensibility needs requires the development of this research craft crafts design industry has established itself as a high value-added industry could do more to take advantage of the Foundation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.369-378
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• 1994

This study was surveyed by 319 male and 336 female college students in Seoul for food behavior and effect of Western food on food life. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The recognition of Korean folk food was higher in female than male students. 2. Eating type of college students appeared that they prefered to cooked rice at breakfast, lunch, and dinner because of a general food type of their family. 3. The favorite food items in college students showed fruits in female and meat in male. 4. Eating out type with family appeared mainly Korean food, because of their preference. 5. The 29% of college students visited fast food restaurants more than $1{\sim}2$ times per week. 6. In compared to Western food, the Korean food were favored by college students but cooking process of food were complicated. 7. The preference of Korean food against Western food was mostly higher in male than female. 8. The standard of food choice were taste and convenience of food. 9. Main factor of food habit change appeared convenience of buying easily. 10. The influence of the Western food in our food behavior were easy to buying but not fit our preference. 11. Opinion of students in order to keep Korean food were follows; Various food development, enlargement of consumption market, correct education about Korean food and change of people consciousness through consumer campaign.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the emission of VOCs from clothing that had been dry cleaned. Methods: In order to ensure the same conditions, f100% wool scarves were selected as the fabric type. Four identical tests were conducted on the option of either removing the plastic bags which came from the dry cleaning shop or not. The scarf was located inside a closet or room for one or two days. Small chamber tests were conducted to determine the VOC emission characteristics under the same conditions such as temperature, humidity, loading factor, and air exchange rates. Air from the chamber for VOCs was sampled by Tenax TA tube and analyzed by thermal desorption and GC/MSD. Results: Assuming that test represented dry cleaning and consumer's conditions well enough, we can conclude that immediate emissions after the dry cleaning of the scarfs caused elevated levels of TVOC, five VOCs (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, stylene), and decane group compounds. Conclusions: By removing the plastic bags which came from the dry cleaning shop or not, the storage conditions of dry cleaned scarfs by consumers during the storage time periods (one to three days) would be significant for reducing VOC emissions.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.313-320
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• 2018

The importance of sensors on a self-driving vehicle has rising since it act as eyes for the vehicle. Lidar sensors based on laser technology tend to yield better image quality with more laser channels, thus, it has higher detection accuracy for obstacles, pedistrians, terrain, and other vechicles. However, incorporating more laser channels results higher unit price more than ten times, and this is a major drawback for using high channel lidar sensors on a vehicle for actual consumer market. To come up with this drawback, we propose a method of integrating multiple low channel, low cost lidar sensors acting as one high channel sensor. The result uses four 16 channels lidar sensors with small form factor acting as one bulky 64 channels sensor, which in turn, improves vehicles cosmetic aspects and helps widespread of using the lidar technology for the market.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.159-174
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the health care expenditure of elderly single and elderly couple households whose head is more than 60 years old. The data analyzed for the study were Korean Retirement and Income Study(KRelS) conducted in 2007 by National Pension Corporation. The major finding of this study were as follows: First, the amount of health care expenditure of elderly single households was lower than that of elderly couple households. However, ratio of health care expenditure to total consumption expenditure of elderly single households was larger than that of elderly couple households. Second, the ratio of health care expenditure in consumption expenditure in this study was larger than the ratios in past analyse showed in the previous studies. Third, common factor affecting on health care expenditure of elderly single and elderly couple households was the existence of the family member with chronic disease or handicap. The health care expenditure of elderly singer households was influenced by income, gender and the ownership of national health insurance. The influence of income for elderly singer households seemed to be greater than for elderly couple households. The variables which affected health care expenditure of elderly couple households were age and housing tenure status. The amount and ratio health care expenditure were increased as the age increases. These results show that the health care expenditures for each groups varied according to socio-demographic variables and health-related behavior variables. It is suggested that there should be a discriminative health care policy for each elderly single and elderly couple households. In addition, the health care policy for the elderly households of which member has a chronic disease is certainly necessary. Especially a health care plan for the elderly single households with lower income is in need. For the elderly couple households, the priority group of health care policy would be the high age group.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.7 s.209
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• pp.117-128
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were 1) to examine the conceptual structure of shopping value, fashion shopping mall attributes and emotions related to internet shopping, 2) to compare between hedonic consumers and utility consumers of fashion shopping mall attributes, emotions and purchasing intention and 3) to investigate the effects of shopping value, fashion shopping mall attributes, emotions and purchasing intention on purchasing behavior in internet fashion shopping malls. Data were obtained from 423 internet fashion shopping mall consumers who have bought products or visited an internet fashion shopping mall. The data were analyzed by using factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, t-test and discriminant analysis. The results showed that shopping values perceived by internet fashion shopping mall consumers consisted of two factors: Hedonic value and Utility value. Internet fashion shopping mall attributes were composed of Visual information, Loading speed, Space composition, Product assortment, Checkout service and Help desk. Emotions were composed of Excitement Confidence, Displeasure and Uneasiness. There results demonstrated that hedonic consumers were more likely to perceive the factors of fashion shopping mail attributes, to experience various, emotions and to have more purchasing intention than utility consumers. Additionally, the findings suggest that shopping value is important in predicting the purchasing behavior of consumers' at internet fashion shopping malls. They gave insights into the promotion development of internet fashion shopping malls. Implications are drawn for the information useful to consumer behavior researchers and retailers of internet fashion shopping malls.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.99-111
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• 2000

The purposes of this study were to segment the elderly women's apparel market according to their benefits sought and to develop the profiles of each segment. Questionnaire survey was done to 500 elderly women aged over 55 in Chonbuk province from Mar. 1. to Mar. 15, 2000, and 360 questionnaires were used. Frequencies, percentages, means, factor analysis, cluster analysis, $\chi$$^2$-test, and ANOVA were done with SPSS Win+. Duncan's Multiple Range test was followed. The factors of clothing benefits ere consisted of fashion, brand loyalty, economy, practicality, activity, and utility. The elderly women segmented into 4 groups of the reasonability pursuit, th economy & practicality, the benefit unconscious, and the fashion & brand pursuit. The fashion information sources were divided into mass communication-dominated source and point-of-purchase & consumer-dominated source. The factors of store patronage criteria were divided into product assortment, convenience, and additive service. The economy and practicality pursuit selected their clothing with the help of others, used any kind of information sources less, considered convience of the store more, shopped at traditional market, group size was the biggest, was the oldest, and educated less. The reasonability pursuit selected their clothing by themselves, used all kind of information sources, considered many facets of stores, shopped at department store, was younger, healthier, educated more, and lived with husband more. The benefit unconscious spent less money to their clothing, lower usage of information sources, selected their clothing with the help of others, considered all facets of stores less, shopped at moderate or volume zone apparel market or traditional market, was older, healthy, and involved the widowed more. The fashion and brand pursuit spent more money to clothing, considered the product assortment or additive service of store more, shopped at department store, and selected their clothing by themselves, group size was the smallest, was younger educated more, healthy, and showed a tendency of living with husband.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.8
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• pp.134-148
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• 2012

Social commerce is not only a new form of shopping malls that did not exist in the past, but also a new form of media as it gets combined with social networking services. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of clothing involvement on the relationship between shopping values, attitudes, and purchase intentions of consumers in the group-buying type of social commerce. A specialized Internet survey company carried out the survey targeting consumers in their 20s and 30s with experience of purchasing fashion products using group-buying type of social commerce. A total of 200 questionnaires were used for the final analysis. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test, and regression analysis were conducted by using SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 19.0. The results are as follows. First, diversity/informativeness, impulse/accumulation, price, convenience, reliability, interaction, and adventure were identified as shopping value dimensions. Second, especially in cases of diversity/informativeness, price, and interaction, there were significant differences between the high involvement group and the low involvement group. Third, five of the categories, which were diversity/informativeness, price, convenience, reliability, and interaction, had significant influence on attitude and purchase intention. When the attitude variable was included with shopping value as independent variables in the regression model to predict purchase intention, the attitude variable presented a full mediating effect or a partial mediating effect between shopping value and purchase intention. Also, the relationship among shopping value, attitude, and purchase intention was different to some degree according to the level of consumer clothing involvement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.76-89
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• 2012

This study was performed to offer the basic data for the design of farm shoes. 265 Korean female farmers aging between the 40s to the 80s volunteered for this study and we measured 40 items on each foot with the 3D foot scanner. First, the differences between farmers' feet and non-farmers' feet were analyzed. Farmers' feet were thicker in the instep areas, but had lower arch height than non-farmers' feet. In addition, farmer's feet were tilted to the inside. Next, eight factors were extracted among the 40 measuring items, and the classification criteria of the foot shape was analyzed. The important factors were: size of foot length and volume of ankle, malleolus height and size, volume of the front part of ankle, medial & lateral ball width, and vertical size of foot. Third, three clusters according to the foot shapes were categorized by cluster analysis of eight factor scores. Foot type 1 was medium in foot length, big in thickness, large in lateral ball width, small in toe 1 angle, and tilted to the inside. Foot type 2 was long and slim, and big in toe 5 angle. Foot type 3 was short in foot length, medium in volume of the front part of ankle, large in medial ball width, and big in toe 1 angle. Despite its shortness, foot type 3 was thick and showed severe deformation in toe 1. Lastly, the frequency distributions of the foot types in each age group were analyzed. Female farmers of the forties showed high frequency in type 1 and other age groups showed high frequency in type 2. The older female farmers showed higher frequency of type 3.