• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제31권3_4호
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• pp.399-416
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• 2013

The semilocal convergence of a third order iterative method used for solving nonlinear operator equations in Banach spaces is established by using recurrence relations under the assumption that the second Fr´echet derivative of the involved operator satisfies the ${\omega}$-continuity condition given by $||F^{\prime\prime}(x)-F^{\prime\prime}(y)||{\leq}{\omega}(||x-y||)$, $x,y{\in}{\Omega}$, where, ${\omega}(x)$ is a nondecreasing continuous real function for x > 0, such that ${\omega}(0){\geq}0$. This condition is milder than the usual Lipschitz/H$\ddot{o}$lder continuity condition on $F^{\prime\prime}$. A family of recurrence relations based on two constants depending on the involved operator is derived. An existence-uniqueness theorem is established to show that the R-order convergence of the method is (2+$p$), where $p{\in}(0,1]$. A priori error bounds for the method are also derived. Two numerical examples are worked out to demonstrate the efficacy of our approach and comparisons are elucidated with a known result.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.211-220
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• 1998

Cellulose-degrading fungi were idenfied as Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2(IV), T. harzianum and C. cochliodes. Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2(IV) grows better in the acidified media of pH 4 and 5 than pH 6 and 7. Mycelial growth of T. harzianum and C. cochliodes was also higher in pH 4 and 5 than in pH 6 and 7. In order to relate the above findings to nutrient utilization, mycelial growth of R. solani AG2-2(IV) are evaluated with various carbon sources. R. solani AG2-2(IV) grows well in the order of mannose, cellobiose, glucose, xylose and arabinose. However, mycelial dry weights of T. harzianum were 98.7, 78.0, 72.3, 43.7 and 32.3mg in glucose, mannose, cellobiose, xylose, and arabinose, respectively. Mycelial dry weight of C. cochilodes was 118, 65, 57, 49, and 16mg in mannose, cellobiose, xylose, glucose, and arabinose, respectively. Result of cellulase assay of R. solani AG2-2(IV) and soil fungi was reffered as, R. solani AG2-2(IV) produced more cellulase on CMC substrate than on CEL and secretes more enzyme in floated condition than in water-immersed condition. T. harzianum secreted less amount of cellulase than R. solani AG2-2 and C. cochliodes. T. harzianum produced no enzyme on CEL under water-immersed condition. C. cochliodes produced similar amounts of cellulase on either CMC or CEL under both water-immersed and floated condition.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.619-623
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• 1989

토양으로부터 분리 동정된 Pseudomonas mendocina의 다당류 생산조건을 검토하였다. 최적 배지조성은 Sucrose 23.75g/L, $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ 1.57g/L, Yeast extract 0.5g/L, $KH_2PO_4\;2.0g/L,\;MgSO_4.\;7H_2O\;1.0g/L,\;CaCO_3$ 2.5g/L이었으며, 최적 pH 및 배양온도는 6.5 및 $30^{\circ}C$이었다. 이 조건에서 다당류의 생산량은 5.98g/L이며 대당 수율은 25.18%, 비생산속도는 32.83mg/g-cell/h이었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.3375-3379
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• 2010

본 논문은 89명의 여대생을 대상으로 아유르베다의 세 가지 체질인 바타, 피타, 카파에 따른 얼굴 피부의 수분, 유분, pH의 값을 측정하여 비교하였다. 아유르베다 체질에 따른 피부 상태를 알아보기 위하여 분석한 결과 수분의 경우 피타, 카파, 바타의 순으로(p<0.001) 유분의 경우 카파, 피타, 바타의 순으로 (p<0.001, p<0.01) pH의 경우 카파, 피타, 바타의 순으로 (p<0.01) 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 앞으로의 연구에서는 피부미용학적 관점에서 아유르베다 체질에 대한 보다 체계적이고 과학적인 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.394-402
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• 1986

충격관을 사용하여 L.P.G./$O_2$혼합기체의 폭발반응에 대해 L.P.G. 농도 3~45 부피 % 범위에 걸쳐 조사하였다. 본실험조건하에서 폭발가능한 하한농도조건은 L.P.G.농도 3.4%, 상한농도조건은 40.0%로 측정되였다. L.P.G.농도가 증가함에 따라 폭발파속도는 증가하였으나 당량비조건(${\phi}$=1, L.P.G. 농도 17.2%)에서 변곡점을 나타내었으며 최대속도는 당량비보다 1.57배 큰 농도조건(${\phi}$=1.57)에서 2.65km/sec를 나타낸 후 다시 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 당량비근처에서 변곡점이 나타난 것은 L.P.G. 농도가 당량비보다 적은 조건과 당량비보다 큰 조건하에서 폭발반응메카니즘이 다른데에 기인하는 것으로 믿어진다. 또한 충격가열 방식을 사용하여 L.P.G./$O_2$ 조성비에 따른 자동점화 온도를 측정하였다. 폭발파를 형성시킬 수 있은 자동점화온도는 당량비조건에서 $742{\pm}3{\circ}K$의 최저값을 나타냈으며 당량비로 부터 벗어남에 따라 급격히 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다.

• 인지과학
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.49-95
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• 2024

국내 형사소송절차에서 진술의 진위여부 확인을 위해 사용하는 도구는 폴리그래프검사, 진술타당도분석, P300 기반 숨김정보검사 등이 있고, 이 중에서 폴리그래프검사의 사용빈도가 다른 도구들에 비하여 높다. 하지만, 검사결과를 뒷받침해 줄 수 있는 근거의 부족으로 인하여 재판과정에서 증거채택 가능성이 낮다. 폴리그래프검사를 뒷받침해 줄 수 있는 방법으로, 사전연구가 풍부한 P300기반 숨김정보검사가 주목을 받아 왔지만, 기존의 검사기법은 두 가지 제한점이 있어 실제 사건에서의 활용도는 낮은 편이다. 첫째, 검사에 필요한 관련자극만 3개 또는 6개 등, 사전에 노출되지 않은 정보가 다수 필요하기 때문에 실제 사건에서 사용 가능성이 낮다. 둘째, 기존의 P300기반 숨김정보검사 프로토콜에서는 관련자극과 무관련자극에 대한 P300요소 전위값을 명확하게 구분하기 위하여 오드볼패러다임을 사용하기 때문에 무관련자극에 대한 P300요소 전위값이 과소 추정될 가능성이 있다. 본 연구에서는 검사의 사용 가능성을 높이기 위하여 사전에 노출되지 않은 정보가 단 하나만 있어도 검사가 가능한 단일 관련자극을 사용하는 수정된 P300기반 숨김정보검사 프로토콜을 탐색하였고, 오드볼패러다임 사용으로 인한 무관련자극에 대한 P300요소 전위값이 과소 추정되는 문제를 보완하기 위하여 다양한 기계학습의 분류 알고리즘을 비교하였다. 연구결과 단일 관련자극으로 여성과 남성의 얼굴자극을 사용할 경우, 자극은 400ms 지속시간으로 60회 제시하고, 절단값을 유죄집단은 90%로 무죄집단은 30%로 하여 정점-정점 방법으로 P300요소 전위값을 분석하는 것이 적합함을 확인하였다. 단어자극의 경우, 지속시간을 300ms로 60회 제시하고, P300요소 전위값 분석방법은 얼굴자극과 동일하게 시행하는 것이 적합하다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 관련자극과 무관련자극에 대한 정점-정점 P300요소 전위값을 6가지 기계학습 분류 알고리즘을 사용하여 분석한 결과, 로지스틱 회귀(LR), 선형 판별 분석(LDA), K-최근접 이웃(KNN) 알고리즘이 관련자극과 무관련자극의 분류에 적합하다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.848-857
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate factors affecting frailty by age groups among vulnerable elders in Korea. Methods: In this secondary analysis, data were collected from records for 22,868 elders registered in the Visiting Health Management program of Public Health Centers in 2012. Health behaviors, clinically diagnosed disease, frailty, depression and cognitive condition were assessed. Data were analyzed using stepwise regression to determine the associated factors of frailty by age group. Results: Alcohol consumption, physical activity, number of diseases, DM, CVA, arthritis, urinary incontinence, depression and cognitive condition were found to be factors significantly associated with frailty among the elders aged 65~74 (F=135.66, p <.001). Alcohol consumption, physical activity, CVA, arthritis, urinary incontinence, depression and cognitive condition were found to be factors associated with frailty in the elders aged 75~84 (F=245.40, p <.001). Physical activity, CVA, arthritis, depression and cognitive condition were factors associated with frailty in the elders over 85 years of age (F=96.48, p <.001). Conclusion: The findings show that frailty of elders and associated factors were different by age group, and common factors affecting frailty were physical activity, CVA, arthritis, depression and cognitive condition. Thus, these factors should be considered in the development of intervention program for care and prevention of frailty and program should be modified according to age group.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2015

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to identify the effects of shoulder abduction strength and EMG activities of the selected scapular and shoulder muscles during isometric shoulder abduction. METHODS: Thirty-four healthy young females were recruited for this study. Surface EMG equipment with inline force sensor was used to determine the shoulder abductor strength and the activity of the serratus anterior (SA), upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), and middle deltoid (MD) during three shoe heel height conditions: (1) barefoot, (2) 3-cm shoe heel height, and (3) 7-cm shoe heel height. RESULTS: Isometric shoulder strength showed statistically significant difference among the conditions (p<0.05), and post-hoc test showed lower strength during the 7-cm condition ($49.98{\pm}17.56kg$) than during the barefoot ($44.97{\pm}20.15kg$) and 3-cm conditions ($36.59{\pm}17.07kg$). Furthermore, EMG activities of the SA, UT, and MD appeared to be statistically significantly different among the conditions, with lower values in the 7-cm condition compared to the barefoot condition (p<0.05). EMG ratios (MD/UT and SA/UT) were lower during the 7-cm condition than during the barefoot condition (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that isometric shoulder abduction strength and EMG activities of scapular and shoulder muscles may be adversely changed with increasing shoe heel height.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.228-234
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• 2023

In this study, the performance of a gold biosensor combined with light microscope imaging system (GB-LMIS) was comparatively evaluated against enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting Salmonella under simulated chilling condition. The optimum concentration of antiSalmonella polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) was determined to be 12.5 and 100 ㎍/ml for ELISA and GBLMIS, respectively. GB-LMIS exhibited a sufficient and competitive specificity toward three tested Salmonella among only. To mimic a real-world situation, chicken was inoculated with Salmonella cocktail and stored under chilling condition for 48 h. The overall growth of Salmonella under chilling condition was significantly lower than that under non-exposure to the chilling condition (p < 0.05). No significant differences in bacterial growth were observed between brain heart infusion and brilliant green broth during the enrichment period (p > 0.05). Finally, both GB-LMIS and ELISA were employed to detect Salmonella at every 2-h interval. GB-LMIS detected Salmonella with a competitive specificity by the direct observation of bacteria on the sensor using a charge-coupled device camera within a detection time of ~2.5 h. GB-LMIS is a feasible, novel, and rapid method for detecting Salmonella in poultry facilities.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1988

Study was conducted on how the phosphorus content of algae changed by the algal species and the algal growth conditions. Phosphorus contents were not so different by algal species if algae grow on the same phosphorus concentration. Phosphorus content of algae grown on higher P medium was higher than that of algae grown on lower P medium. Algae excrete P-compounds from cell to the medium when the dissolved reactive phosphorus is depleted in the medium, and the excreted P-compounds were decomposed by algae and used for the growth of algae. Phosphorus content of algae grown in the P-limited condition was about 5-1 $\mu$gP/mg dry wt., but that of algae grown in the condition not P-lirnited was above 10$\mu$gP/rng dry wt.