• Korean Business Review
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• v.11
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

In this paper the negotiation skills, which have been so far known as non-scientific or artistic field, are analyzed on the basis of behavioral science view point. Negotiator's behavior and psychological situation are believed to influence the negotiation result significantly, therefore, those factors are reviewed with behavioral science framework. Some concepts developed in Cognitive Psychology to explain the decision making models - prominence, commitment, escalation of commitment, framing, adjustment and anchoring, endowment effect - are reconceptualized and applied to the negotiation skill analysis and negotiation skill development in this paper. As the results of this research, various negotiation skills which have been so far believed as irrational and artistic are now able to be explained on the basis of sound logic and reasoning. This means also that valuable and elegant negotiation skills should be further developed by behavioral scientists.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2004

Many idealizations and ideal conditions in physics have been an important role in understanding of the basic physics concepts and in solving physics problems. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships of pre-service teachers' misconception of heat with their understanding of the ideal conditions involved in solving problems of heat and temperature. Test instruments were composed of two parts. One part was asked to answer the heat conceptions, the other to write statements in relations to ideal condition hidden in the process of heat problems solving. For this study, pre-service teachers who are in four major courses in the University of Education in a local city were selected and total numbers of pre-service teachers were 108 students. The framework was developed for classifying pre-service teachers response of open items of ideal conditions of heat domains. According to the framework, each types of response were coded, analyzed and processed with a SPSS/PC program. The results are as the followings. In the heat conceptions, most of students showed correct response, and there was no significant differences between major courses. In understanding of ideal conditions, students' responses of "idealized condition relevant to problem" showed 65.2％ of them, and "not relevant idealized conditions" 15.5％, and no response 12.2%. In the 15.5% of students "not relevant idealized conditions", 10.5％ of them did not explained correctly conditions, just simply 2.7％ stated the laws in physics or formula, 1.6% generally, but irrelevantly described the idealized conditions. More importantly pre-service teachers showed very weak correlation between heat conception and understanding of ideal condition. Although we concluded there were no significant relationships of heat conception in understanding of ideal conditions in thermodynamics domain, these suggest that many other factors may influence understanding of ideal conditions in physics.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.439-452
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of STEAM program on the scientific communication skills and the learning flow of elementary gifted students. The main findings of this study are as follows: First, STEAM program that mathematical, technical, engineering and art factors were combined based on basic concepts of science were developed. Seconds, the change in the scientific communication skills of experimental group applying STEAM program had statistically meaningful difference (p<.05). Third, the flow of experimental class improved, but it had no meaningful difference statistically (p>.05). But it is expected that continuing level adjusted STEAM program might have positive effect on improving the flow with the following three reasons: 1) The gifted students' flow level on learning before experiment was rather too high to expect short term effect. 2) It was hard for them to achieve flow experience because topic difficulties and students' capacities were not balanced. 3) topic commitments and autotelic behaviors of gifted students were observed during classes. Fourth, by the result of the student satisfaction questionnaire survey on this program, students actively participated in the STEAM program with interest and curiosity. As achieved self-directed problem solving, versatile communication activities and success experiences, their class satisfaction was high. Based on such results, it was expected that the gifted class applied of STEAM program could enhance scientific communication capacity of the elementary gifted students and would further positively influence flow of learning as well. In addition, it was considered to have integrated approach value to elementary gifted and talented education in the aspect that it could satisfy various educational demands of gifted students.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.221-235
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to provide evidence concerning the effects of selection attributes of bakery cafe and customer behavior intention through empirical analysis. Current study literary supported by previous studies that conducted to concepts such as selection attributes, customer behavioral intention, and based on research result, devised theoretical model combining each relation. For the empirical study, in addition, data were collected from customers who have been visited at bakery cafe located in Seoul, Busan, Gwangju, and Daegu. Total of 312 valid questionnaires are statistically analyzed to achieve the study objective. Frequency analysis, factor analysis, cross analysis, cluster analysis and ANOVA test were employed for statistical examination. Results show that bakery cafe marketers need to allocate resources of cafe by considering different attributes selection factors. Present study will be contributed to develop strategical implications to determine which selection attributes should be emphasized to attract more customers and to satisfy bakery cafe visitors.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.28-38
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• 2004

Korean goral (Nemorhaedus caudatus raddeanus) is one of the endangered species in Korea, and the rugged terrain of the Soraksan National Park (373㎢) is a critical habitat for the species. But the goral population is threatened by habitat fragmentation caused by roads and hiking trails. The objective of this study was to develop a potential habitat suitability model for Korean goral in the park, and the model was based on the concepts of fuzzy set theory and multi-criteria evaluation. The process of the suitability modeling could be divided into three steps. First, data for the modeling was collected by using field work and a literature survey. Collected data included 204 points of GPS data obtained through a goral trace survey and through the number of daily visitors to each hiking trail during the peak season of the park. Second, fuzzy set theory was employed for building a GIS data base related to environmental factors affecting the suitability of the goral habitat. Finally, a multiple-criteria evaluation was performed as the final step towards a goral habitat suitability model. The results of the study were as follows. First, characteristics of suitable habitats were the proximity to rock cliffs, scattered pine (Pinus densiflora) patches, ridges, the elevation of 700∼800m, and the aspect of south and southeast. Second, the habitat suitability model had a high classification accuracy of 93.9％ for the analysis site, and 95.7％ for the validation site at a cut off value of 0.5. Finally, 11.7％ of habitatwith more than 0.5 of habitat suitability index was affected by roads and hiking trails in the park.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.71-78
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• 2012

These days, design has been used a very useful means to achieve differentiated urban images and establish the identity of a city, and as an effort to specialize local industries through design, public design projects are competing one another. However, the projects have considerable negative effects because of diverse reasons such as unorganized procedures. For continuous and organized projects which meet demands of the interested persons of public design, reasonable design management should be introduced with a use of design as a strategic means of management Therefore, this study examined the concepts of design management and its meaning in space and analysed cases of implementing components for management of public design projects. It searched for the factors of design management indicating design-oriented management and presented a strategy model which complements design-oriented management. The results of the study are presented as follows: First, strategic implementing components needed for a space design management process were obtained. A design recognition process aimed at what space aims at and needed to identify active components such as physical and indigenous environment. A design inquiry process included problem solution considering characteristics of multi-dimensional space active components, design development considering behavioral functions of humans, checklists needed to complete design and necessary components to institutionalize design. For definition of project space, guideline projects of public design should be progressed in the same context as urban design, and developmental directions of public design needed design inquiry in terms of space to create various experiences in space.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2015

Historically, college campuses have played a role of a city, and the development pattern of various forms and functions of cities was found in the growth stages of campuses as well. In this way, campuses developed in close relationships with our lives and such a characteristic can be confirmed in a number of cases in and out of the country. The strategic concept of such expansion is shown in the strategic classification through a master plan. This research examines concepts of major universities in the metropolitan area of Korea for promoting campus expansion and proposes implications through them. The results drawn from the research are as follows. Firstly, various developmental directions should be sought in aspects of planning, programming and economics for campus expansion with the complex application of such factors. Secondly, the multi-campus strategy of past localization era is changing into the concept of forming a global campus materializing itself as the planning strategy of internal campus. Thirdly, the physical barrier is being dissolved as a way to promote the relationship with local communities, and particularly, the management strategy of constructing new buildings in connection with local communities is the leading measure of materialization. Lastly, the development of underground space is actively carried out due to the limitation of ground physical space through which a role of establishing new campus order along with securing space is pursued.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1481-1487
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• 2017

In this article we describe our preliminary work to create VR interactive storytelling particularly for building empathic relationships between the reader (or the player) and story characters. As a practical guideline for developing empathy-based VR interactive story, we propose four key factors: first, narrativity considering narrative theories and concepts including the notion of focalization by Gerald Genette; second, interactivity for balancing between narrative and player control in interactive storytelling domain; third, consideration of virtual reality in human computer interaction domain; fourth, empathy in narrative from the viewpoint of psychology and cognitive science. We also introduce an example interactive storytelling scenario based on Little Red Riding Hood story. Finally we conclude with our VR implementation using Unreal game engine and HTC Vive.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.55-68
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• 2010

This study identifies perceived importance and relative education necessity of entrepreneurship education program of university students. This research examine the major 5 factors of invention education program and identified the improvement of relative invention education program relation to entrepreneurship process. The sample survey of this research are 125 university student respondents and 5 invention entrepreneurs are participated. Research methods used means, percentile, frequency and factor analysis. Major findings are as follows; the selected course category of factor analysis categorized the understanding of invention concept, invention and management, invention and creativity, invention and patent and invention exercise. The mean value of perceived importance that invention and management, invention exercise, invention and creativity, invention concept and invention and patent are in order. But the perception of invention entrepreneurs to patent, management, creativity, invention exercise and invention concepts are in order. And the sub invention program's necessity degree relation to 'management and exercise' are higher than others. This study suggested that invention education program reinforcing the invention management and student takes interesting patent contents which accepted exercise program with easy.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2012

War-game simulation models the situation of a battlefield and has been used for evaluating fighting power and analyzing the occupation of a troop. However, in war-game simulation environment, it is very complex to consider all factors which can be influenced in real battlefields. To solve the problem of the consideration, we propose an ontology-based path finding model. This model uses an ontology to conceptualize the situation data of a battlefield and represents the relations among the concepts. In addition, we extract new knowledge from the war-game ontology by defining some inference rules and share knowledge by the established rules. For the performance evaluation of the proposed model, we made a limitation on the simulation environment and measure the moving time of a troop, the fighting capability of a troop, and the necessary cost while a troop is moving. Experimental results show that this model provides many advantages in aspects of the moving time, a loss of fighting capability, and the necessary cost.