• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.416-421
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• 2007

Physical damage to fruits and vegetables caused by shock degrades the value of product in the fresh market. In order to design a product/packaging system to protect the product, the G-factor to the product that causes shock damage needs to be determined. The shock fragility of organisms such as fruits with a concept correspondent to the G-factor of industrial products was calculated and we defined the allowable bio-shock fragility index as the value divided peak acceleration that was generated in safe drop height by standard acceleration of gravity. We did modeling for safe drop hight that would prevent fruits from damage by drop tests and tried to estimate the allowable bio-shock fragility index of pears and apples for optimum packaging design. The bio-shock fragility index of pears was in the range of $0.74{\sim}2.29\;G$, while apples had a slightly higher value than that of pears, of $0.51{\sim}2.98\;G$. This result shows accordance with the general fact that apples have a firmer structure and get less damage from the same impact. Based on this result, it is possible to create an optimum packaging design by providing a damage standard by impact.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.424-434
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• 2002

In Jang-Sang theory, ‘Sang’ indicates ‘Hyung Sang’. The internal organs appear it's shapes(Hyung Sang) outward. ‘Hyung Sang’ is concept that was used on 「the book of changes」(周易) and 「Nei Ching」(內經) to means a thing's shapes and conditions. ‘Hyung’ is the shape, an organization composing a thing and ‘Sang’ is the symptom, an essence(a seed) immanenting a thing. To observe Hyung Sang, it have to apply the principle that ‘the sky and man correspond each other(天人相應)’. Usually ‘Hyung’ appears as shapes and ‘Sang’ appears as colors and conditions. Diagnosis on the basis of Hyung Sang put first the external expression of the five Jang six Bu organs and Jung-Ki-Shin-Hyul(精氣神血). So a doctor has to unite shapes, colors, pulse and symptoms(形, 色, 脈, 症) when diagnosis a patient. The theory of Hyung Sang includes the basic theories of the oriental medicine, the theory for Yin-Yang and the five element(陰陽五行論), organ picture(Jang-Sang), meridians(經絡學說), the five circuit phases and the six atmospheric influences(運氣學說), physical constitution(體質學說). I think that treatment based on Hyung Sang is shown the essence of the oriental medicine well. In the future, I think, we need to study more about the theory of Hyung Sang.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.137-149
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to learn from a lesson of the historical fact, the Team 10's break away from the CIAM, which is selected as the most important event in the whole 20th century architecture by author as a historian. The CIAM, organized in 1928 by leading European architects in order to propose new architecture in the industrial era, expanded to the world, met almost annually with an idea of economic efficiency, new functional order, and industrial production for thirty years. Young architects had conflicted with old established group from 6th congress, and after 10th congress they met independently in 1959; the CIAM was disappeared and the Team 10 was born. Main issue of the break-away was human aspect. The Team 10 started from real man, concept of 'human contact', 'sense of community', and 'belonging' instead of abstract functional order. Although CIAM did not suggest inhumane architecture, their biological criteria with sunlight, air, sufficient site became physical determinism. Critique against the Team 10, unsuccess for making humane architecture leads to underestimation like a generational hegemony struggle. However, architect is not specialist of life but form. Historical reevaluation for Team 10 should be that they are the first group to raise an human issue in architecture. Success or not to solve the problem belongs to another domain. After 1960, modern architecture was attacked from the common people, not clients but 'users'. Academic circle tried to solve the problem with behavioral approach through a clear process, 'design method' and with phenomenological approach on real human experience. However practice became reactionary tendency, to make form a little complex, they became post-modern and deconstruction form. Failure of the Team 10's form proved that a complex form does not necessarily make a good life of people. In the Korean historic situation of colony ruling, confusion of liberation, and the War, we did not know the existence of both CIAM and Team 10. After 1970s' economic development, we have just copied Western form from Modern via Post-Modern to Deconstruction. If we make architecture people mattered, we should start from the basic, learning from the Team's break-away, instead of copying.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.655-665
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• 2016

공동체의 의미와 역할은 지속적으로 변화해왔다. 전통적인 근린 중심의 공동체 이론은 '근접성 없는 공동체' 개념으로 위협받아 왔고, 교통과 통신, 인터넷과 SNS의 변화를 포괄하면서 공동체의 근접성은 더 이상 공동체의 전제조건이 아니게 되었다. 이 연구는 '근접성 없는 공동체'의 틀로 공동체 이론의 전개과정을 고찰하고, 사례로서 충북 괴산에 위치한 탑골만화방의 공동체성과 공간적 특성을 사회네트워크분석(SNA) 기법을 활용하여 분석하였다. 탑골만화방은 서울, 대구, 부산, 김해, 청주, 상주 등 전국에서 방문하며, 지리적으로 확산되고 있다. 탑골만화방은 또한 공공공간으로서 개방되어 있고, '목적없는 공간'이기 때문에 방문객들이 자유롭게 여러 활동을 실험하는 장으로 기능한다. 탑골만화방은 지역 내 외부의 사람들이 관계를 맺으며 공간적 사회적으로 경계를 확장해나가는 공동체적 특성을 보여준다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제33권spc호
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• pp.677-684
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• 1998

'문화'라는 용어는 생활양식(그림 1), 해석체계(그림 2), 제 4의 구조(그림 3), 세련된 취향(그림 4), 지식과 예술의 상부구조(그림 5), 생물학적 지지 구조(그림 6), 도는 인간의 모든 조건들(그림 7) 등으로 정의될 수 있다. 문화라는 용어를 어떻게 정의하든 각각의 정의에는 이와 연관된 '환'에 대한 정의가 전제되어 있다. 어떠한 정의를 채택하는가 하는 것은 각각의 정의를 토대로 하는 관점이나 연구주제의 정당화에 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 이렇듯 다양한 정의 가운데 하나가 최선이라는 것을 입증하거나 다른 정의가 부적절하다는 것을 증명하는 것은 불가능해 보인다. 따라서 도시문화지리학 분야에 있어서 '문화'나 '환경'이라는 개념이 각각 '이것이어야 한다'라고 주장하기 보다는 각각 다루는 주제나 연구자의 관점에 따라 다양한 개념이 유용할 수 있다고 인정하는 태도를 가지는 게 필요하다.

• 과학기술학연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.5-27
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• 2001

이 글은 한국의 과학문화를 역사적으로 서술하려는 것이 아니라 앞으로 한국인이 지향하여야 하는 과학문화의 재구성을 위한 예비적 시론을 하고자 한다. 그 작업에 착수하기 위해서는 과학문화의 개념부터 규정해야 하므로 기존의 과학문화 개념들을 분류하고 이를 기반으로하여 인간화된 과학문화(Humanized Science Culture)를 잠정적 목표로 제시한다. 그 구체적인 사례 연구로서는 2061 프로젝트에 나타난 과학문화인(Science Literacy)의 개념을 분석하고 실제로 한국의 과학문화를 설계할 사람인 KDSC(Korean Designer of Science Culture)를 상정한다. KDSC는 자연인이 아니라 바람직한 한국인을 대표할 이성적 인간(理人)을 지칭한다. 따라서 KDSC가 될 수 있는 조건을 아울러 제시하고 그 요건들의 철학적 기반을 음미한다. 끝으로 KDSC의 시각에서 한국의 과학문화를 설계하고 실현하기 위한 프로그램을 개발하는데 필요할 것으로 생각되는 몇 가지를 제시한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the current CRM situation in Korean apparel industry. Specifically, research purposes were 1) to examine the concepts and benefits of CRM, 2) to examine CRM strategies, 3) to analyze CRM system(i.e., customer relationship management service, customer segmentation criteria, DB management system), and 4) to analyze the potential problems and CRM adoption plan. The subjects for this research were thirty CRM managers in Korean apparel firms classified by the company type(woman's wear, man's wear, casual wear, children's wear, retailer) interviewed from December 2003 to March 1004. The results of this study were as follows: First, the concept of CRM represented the prime customer relationship, continuous consideration, and customer management system. The benefits of CRM reflected re-sales, improvement of profit share, and acquisition of customer's data base. Second, concerning the CRM strategies, most companies focused on persistent customer management through mileage program, membership cards and also implemented product strategies such as demand forecasting, customization based on customer data analysis. We also found that industry preferred to use pricing strategies, for example, segmentation of customer through discrepancies of price in which customers are provided by discount and gift voucher services. Regarding distribution strategy, channel diversification, localized service, and convenient delivery system were used. As promotion strategies, they chose celebrating customers' personal events and promoting cultural events and issuing coupons. Third, regarding CRM system, information service was the most frequently adopted, important and highly beneficial category. Also POS/web-POS, homepage were main sources of information. RFM is the mostly commonly used customer segmentation criteria. Fourth, potential problems in CRM adoption were lack of CRM knowledge and performance measurement of CRM. Future CRM adoption plan included CRM education and development of CRM performance measures.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2004

Real time and robust algorithm to extract the features of watermelon was developed from the remotely transmitted image of the watermelon. Features of the watermelon at the cultivation site such as size and shape including position are crucial to the successful tole-robotic operation and development of the cultivation data base. Algorithm was developed based on the concept of task sharing between the computer and the operator utilizing man-computer interface. Task sharing was performed based on the functional characteristics of human and computer. Identifying watermelon from the image transmitted from the cultivation site is very difficult because of the variable light condition and the complex image contents such as soil, mulching vinyl, straws on the ground, irregular leaves and stems. Utilizing operator's teaching through the touch screen mounted on the image monitor, the complex time consuming image processing process and instability of processing results in the watermelon identification has been avoided. Color and brightness characteristics were analyzed from the image area specified by the operator's teaching. Watermelon segmentation was performed using the brightness and color distribution of the specified imae processing area. Modified general Hough transform was developed to extract the shape, major and minor axes, and the position, of the watermelon. It took less than 100 msec of the image processing time, and was a lot faster than conventional approach. The proposed method showed the robustness and practicability in identifying watermelon from the wireless transmitted color image of the cultivation site.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.141-152
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• 2013

현재 웹 구현체계는 절차지향 방식과 객체지향 방식으로 나누어 개발해 왔다. 이러한 두 방식 모두 단순한 외형적 디자인 구성과 하이브리드 웹에 대한 보조 쓰임새 역할 구성방식으로 구현되어 개발에 대한 시간과 인력의 소비로 야기 되는 비용 문제까지 나타나고 있다. 문제해결을 위한 방안으로 .NET Framework을 기반 하에서 적용할 수 있는 매니지드 구조화 시스템 프로그래밍 방식을 제안 했다. CS의 개념을 적용한 .NET기반의 구조화 시스템 설계방식은 UI 구성측면에서의 인터페이스 구성에 최적화된 디자인 구성을 우선시 적용하여 영역별 Class 분담형식을 취해 상속관계를 유지할 수 있는 환경을 제공하며, UX와 UI의 연계성을 유지하여 UX 객체의 인터페이스 구성을 객체와 연계를 통해 Class 설계과정에서 객체형식으로 적용하게 된다. 이러한 개발방식을 통해 UI UX 측면의 표현방식을 중심으로 구현 되고 개발에 따른 효율성 해결에도 도움을 갖게 되었다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.325-329
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• 2007

Purpose: Mobius syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by facial diplegia and bilateral abducens palsy, which occasionally combines with other cranial nerve dysfunction. The inability to show happiness, sadness or anger by facial expression frequently results in social dysfunction. The classic concept of cross facial nerve grafting and free muscle transplantation, which is standard in unilateral developmental facial palsy, cannot be used in these patients without special consideration. Our experience in the treatment of three patients with this syndrome using transfer of muscles innervated by trigeminal nerve showed rewarding results. Methods: We used bilateral temporalis muscle elevated from the bony temporal fossa. Muscles and their attached fascia were folded down over the anterior surface of the zygomatic arch. The divided strips from the attached fascia were passed subcutaneously and anchored to the medial canthus and the nasolabial crease for smiling and competence of mouth and eyelids. For the recent 13 years the authors applied this method in 3 Mobius syndrome cases- 45 year-old man and 13 year-old boy, 8 year-old girl. Results: One month after the surgery the patients had good support and already showed voluntary movement at the corner of their mouth. They showed full closure of both eyelids. There was no scleral showing during eyelid closure. Also full closure of the mouth was achieved. After six months, the reconstructed movements of face were maintained. Conclusion: Temporalis muscle transfer for Mobius syndrome is an excellent method for bilateral reconstruction at one stage, is easy to perform, and has a wide range of reconstruction and reproducibility.