• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2013

Because submarine is high-technology and very complex system, it takes a lot of time, cost and manpower for design. For efficient concept design, application of systematic method is required such as system engineering. In this study, we studied application method of MBSE for submarine concept design with SWBS (Ship Work Breakdown Structure). Components of submarine system from SWBS were classified and organized as system architecture with 'Vitech CORE'. Through the MBSE application for concept design, systematic, efficient and traceable concept design of submarine was considered.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.39-48
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• 1997

There is a need to define the concept of suffering more appropriate in the context of Korean culture. This research is an attempt to reanalyze the concept of suffering by applying Walker & Avant's process of concept analysis. The steps of concept analysis are : 1. Select a concept. 2. Determine the aims or purpose of the analysis. 3. Identify all uses of the concept that you can discover. 4. Determine the defining attributes. 5. Construct model, contrary, borderline, related and invented cases. 6. Identify antecedents and consequences. 7. Define empirical referents. The concept of suffering can be defined as follows: Suffering is a fundamental and inevitable experience of all human beings. When each individual experiences loss, damage and pain which threaten one's personal integrity, suffering is perceived differently among each individual depending on their personal inner factors, one's significant others, exterior circumstances and stimuli, and the ultimate meaning of life. Suffering brings severe and unendurable distress which accompany despair, powerlessness, anxiety, bitterness, fear, anguish, guilt, depression, withdrawal and anger. The attributes of suffering were analyzed. Model case, contrary case, borderline case, related case, and invented case were described. Antecedents, consequences and empirical referents were explored. This concept analysis provides data for new insights of suffering. These findings suggests that appropriate nursing interventions aimed at relieving suffering of patients need to be developed and implemented more widely.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.107-114
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• 2003

There are many problems in the prediction of dynamic behaviors of saturated soils because undrained excess pore water pressure builds up and then the strain softening behavior is occurred simultaneously. A few analytical constitutive models based on the effective stress concept have been proposed but most models hardly predict the excess pore water pressure and strain softening behaviors correctly In this study, the disturbed state concept (DSC) model proposed by Dr, Desai was modified to predict the saturated soil behaviors under the dynamic loads. Also, back-prediction program was developed for verification of modified DSC model. Cyclic triaxial tests were carried out to determine DSC parameters and test result was compared with the result of back-prediction. Through this research, it is proved that the proposed model based on the modified disturbed state concept can predict the realistic soil dynamic characteristics such as stress degradation and strain softening behavior according to dynamic process of excess pore water pressure.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.82-89
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• 1997

A physically-based soil-water erosion model with simple hydrology and Rose & Hairsine's erosion concept is described, and was implemented in the form of computer program. The model derived from the concept of stream power(Bagnold, 1977) considers settling velocity characteristics of the soil and distinguishes between the processes of entrainment and re-entrainment. It deals separately with rill flow and sheet flow, handles vegetation in terms of soil contact cover, and has the ability to simulate soil movement on nonuniform slopes. The model predicted sediment concentrations reasonably with the results of Mclsaac et al. (1990). It showed a capability to quantitatively predict the movement of soil on uniform and nonuniform slopes. Among the model parameters, soil depositability $({\phi})$ was the most sensitive from the sensitivity analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2012

About 20 years have passed since Systems Engineering(SE) was introduced in Korea. KCOSE(Korean Council On Systems Engineering) and KOSSE(The Korean Society of Systems Engineering) were established during that period and Korean SE community has increased quantitatively. But We can not answer "Yes!" for the questions "Did Korean SE community increase qualitatively? and How about SE education or training?" Many participants at SE lecture classes said that they were not able to understand SE concept. I analyzed current SE lecture materials and then proposed new model of SE concept lecture for SE novices. The new model consists of Vee diagram, life cycle model, PMTE paradigm, technical review, SE sample and definition of SE. I expect that the proposed model will contribute to upgrade a quality of domestic SE education.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.44-61
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• 1999

Cost estimation has posed a significant challenge to estimators, planners, and managers in both government and military. Considerable historical evidence shows that accurate cost estimation has been difficult to achieve across a wide range of projects, including weapon systems. This paper introduces new cost estimating concept, CAIV(Cost As an Independent Variable) and a cost estimating case study using PRICE model, computer aided parametric estimating models(CAPE) for K1 tank cost estimate. CAIV concept is to set realistic but aggressive cost objectives easily in each acquisition program and to achieve cost, schedule, and performance objectives considering various managing risks with a project manager and industry teams. The Price model is one of computer aided cost estimating models and widely used in U.S. defense system analysis as a tool for CAIV. We analyze theories, inputs, outputs of the PRICE model and present a case study for K1 tank to estimate costs in requirement and concept phase, program and budgeting phase, and life cycle phase. Finally we obtain results that the Price model can be used in various phases of PPBEES depending upon available data and time.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.388-398
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• 2022

PURPOSE. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of 14 different intraoral scanners for the All-on-4 treatment concept. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Four implants were placed in regions 13, 16, 23, and 26 of an edentulous maxillary model that was poured with scannable Type 4 gypsum to imitate the All-on-4 concept. The cast was scanned 10 times for each of 14 intraoral scanners (Primescan, iTero 2, iTero 5D, Virtuo Vivo, Trios 3, Trios 4, CS3600, CS3700, Emerald, Emerald S, Medit i500, BenQ BIS-I, Heron IOS, and Aadva IOS 100P) after the polyether ether ketone scanbody was placed. For the control group, the gypsum model was scanned 10 times with an industrial scanner. The first of the 10 virtual models obtained from the industrial model was chosen as the reference model. For trueness, the data of the 14 dental scanners were superimposed with the reference model; for precision, the data of all 14 scanners were superimposed within the groups. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilks, and Dunn's tests. RESULTS. Primescan showed the highest trueness and precision values (P < .005), followed by the iTero 5D scanner (P < .005). CONCLUSION. Some of these digital scanners can be used to make impressions within the All-on-4 concept. However, the possibility of data loss due to artifacts, reflections, and the inability to combine the data should be considered.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.661-663
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• 2013

The purpose of the following report is to introduce a model that makes it possible to efficiently search data by using keyword-based concept network for reliable access of information which is rapidly increasing in the mobile cloud. A keyword-based concept network is a method with the application of ontology. However, the proposed model is added by association information between keyword concepts as a method for a user's efficient information retrieval. Furthermore, the proposed concept network consists of the keyword centered concept network, expert-group-recommended field concept network, and process concept network.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.178-190
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify trends of nursing concept development in Korean journal papers to improve accurate understanding of nursing concepts. Methods: A systematic review of 216 concept development articles published from 1970 to 2018 that met the inclusion criteria was conducted using Research Information Sharing Service (RISS) databases. Results: The most common method of concept development was Walker and Avant's concept analysis method, identified in 139 (64.3%) of the 216 studies, followed by 48 examples of hybrid models (22.2%) and 15 examples of evolutionary methods (6.9%). Chinn and Kramer's method, Norris's clarification, Wilson's method, and others were also used. The concepts of "spirituality" and "fatigue" were most frequently analyzed. Among the 139 studies that used Walker and Avant's concept analysis method, 127 studies (91.4%) applied all the recommended steps; the others applied the recommended steps partially, omitting description of model cases/additional cases, antecedents/consequences, and empirical indicators. Among the studies using the hybrid model, among two (5.7%) did not describe attributes, three (8.5%) did not provide definitions, and 16 (45.7%) did not present empirical indicators in the final stage. Conclusion: Among concept development studies published in Korean journals, Walker and Avant's concept analysis method is most commonly used. In case of most studies using Walker and Avant's method a suitable concept analysis process is applied, but in case of other studies using the other concept development method, a suitable concept analysis process is not applied. Therefore, a suitable concept analysis process must be applied for concept development in nursing research.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1990.11a
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• pp.450-456
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• 1990

In this paper, production system is implemented with the inferential neural network model using semantic network and directed graph. Production system can be implemented with the transform of knowledge representation in production system into semantic network and of semantic network into directed graph, because directed graphs can be expressed by neural matrices. A concept node should be defined by the state vector to calculated the concepts expressed by matrices. The expressional ability of neunal network depends on how the state vector is defined. In this study, state vector is overlapped and each overlapping part acts as a inheritant of concept.