• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.532-546
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• 1993

This study was done to investigate the effects of different dietary oils on hepatic mitochondrial lipid compositon, adenine nucleotide translocase(AdNT) and ATPase activities in carcinogen treated rats. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 50∼60g, were fed three different types of dietary oil, beef tallow(BT), corn oil(CO) and sardine oil(SO) at 15% by weight for 14 weeks. Three weeks after feeding rats were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of diethylnitrosamine(200mg/Kg BW). After five weeks rate fed 0.02% acetylaminofluorene contating diet for 6 weeks, and after seven weeks 0.05% phenobarbital containing diet for 7 weeks. At 14th week, rats were sacrificed and hepatic mitochondrial lipid composition, AdNT and ATPase activities were determined. Percent liver weight per body weight was significantly by carcinogen treatment. Analysis of mitochondrial lipid composition showed that body cholesterol and phospholipid contents were not affected by dietary oils but significantly increased by carcinogen treatment. Individual phospholipid composition as well as phosphatidyl ethanolamine/phosphatidyl choline ratio were altered by either dietary oils or carcinogen treatment. Fatty acid composition was changed by dietary oils but not much by carcinogen treatment. AdNT activity was affected by dietary oils in only carcinogen treated groups. ATPase activity was affected by dietary oils in only carcinogen nontreated groups. These data indicate that both dietary oils and caricinogen treatment can change mitochondrial lipid composition and thereby change AdNT and ATPase activities. Particularly effects of carcinogen treatment on cholesterol/phopholipid ratio, phospholipid compositon and ATPase activity were different among dietary oil groups. Therefore it is suggested that different dietary oils can somewhat modulate the changes of mitochnodrial lipid composition and membrane bound enzyme activites during hepatocarcinogenesis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.196-200
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• 1997

The headspace volatiles of the Korean ginseng and the Chinese ginseng were extracted using the SepPak Cl8 cartridge (Wasters Co.) and were analyzed using GC/MSD. The overall GC pattern of the headspace volatiles of the Chinese ginseng was similar to that of the Korean ginseng, but the composition ratios of the two major components, $\beta$-panasinsene to $\beta$-muurolene, were quite different between them. The composition ratios of $\beta$-panasinsene to $\beta$-muurolene of the Korean red and white ginseng were 1.02$\pm$0.28 (n=19) and 1.49$\pm$0.55 (n=14) , respectively. However the com- position ratios of the Chinese red and dried ginseng were 0.58$\pm$0.19 (n=41) and 0.57$\pm$0.17 (n=28), repetitively, which were significantly lower than those of the Korean ginseng at I% level. The composition ratio of the two major headspace volatile components, $\beta$-panasinsene to ${\gamma}$-muurolene, is thought to be as a useful indicator for differentiating the Chinese ginseng with the Korean ginseng.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.109-126
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• 2005

Objectives : This study is to examine the influence of exorcise program to body shape and body composition of women. Exercise program is composed muscular resistance exercise and aerobic exorcise with 70min/time, 5day/week for 4weeks and designed for the reinforcement of muscular strength and the decease the decrease of obesity. Methods : The subjects of this study are 26 females who are from twenty until thirty-nine years old and are divided into two groups according to Obese Rate. normal weight group is 18 females under a BMI of 23 and overweight group is 8 females over a BMI of 23. we measured body compositon and body shape with body composition analyzer(inbody 3.0) measured body compositions are body weight, Lean body mass, base metabolic rate, body fat, %body fat, waist hip ratio, body mass index. measured 6body shade are upper arm circumference, chest circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, thigh circumference. the measurements had been taken before exercise of each group, after 4 weeks, after 8 weeks, after 12 weeks. Body compositon and body shape of the measured data were analyzed by two-way repeated ANOVA followed by Dunnett's Post hoc test using SPSS. Differences were considered significant at p<0.05. Results and Conclusions : The weight was reduced at a significant level in overweight group after 4 weeks. Body fat percent was reduced at a significant level in normal group alter 4 weeks and overweight group after 8 weeks. Waist-hip ratio was reduced at a significant level in normal and overweight group after 4 weeks. Lean body mass and body metabolic rate were reduced but did not satisfy statistical significance. Circumference of all body parts showed an decrease after 12 weeks exercise program. Upper Arm, Chest, Waist, Hip Circumference were reduced at a significant level in overweight group after 4 weeks, but In normal group only Waist Circumference was reduced at a significant level after 4 weeks. Aerobic and Circuit weight training for 12 weeks reduced body weight and body fat percent, waist circumstance statistically significant without loss of lean body mass and body metabolic rate. Also these change was more effective in overweight group than in normal group.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.340-353
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• 2015

Purpose. This study of purpose was to to compare of Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacity between Sasang Constitutions and ACE Gene Polymorphism. Methods. 24 healthy males were participated in this experiment who were in their twenties and had no disease, then they were divided by ACE type and by Sasang constitutions with QSCC II. According to these group, the body compositon, Aerobic capacity including VO2max, Anaerobic Capacity were measured. Results. In this study, According to ACE type, ID type were 8, II were 8 and DD type were 8 persons. According to ACE type, there were significant difference among type, especially, II, ID type more than DD. II type is more higher than any type and DD type is lower in the ratio of Blood Lactic recovery. DD type was more excellent than other type in Anaerobic power. According to Sasang Constitutions, there were 8 SoYang, 5 Taeum, 11 Soeum and then no TaeYang constitution. In Aerobic capacity, Taeum constitution had significantly high means and Anaerobic threshold. In the ratio of Blood lactic recovery, Taeum constitution was excellent and SoYang had poor recovery capacity. SoYang had more excellent than other constitution significantly in Anaerobic capacity. Comparing ACE type with Sasang constitution, Soyang constitution included 4 ID types, Taeum inclued 2 II types and 2 ID types then Soeum included 6 DD types. Compared of Aerobic and Anaerobic capacity between Sasang constitutions and ACE type, Soyang constitutions were similar to ID type, Taeum similar to II type and ID type and then Soeum were DD type. Conclusions. This study had made it clear that there were similar feature between ACE type and Sasang constitutions. Also it's possible to predict the Aerobic capacity that may be foreseen by ACE type with Sasang questionnaire method but not Anaerobic capacity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.802-811
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to 1) examine the dietary patterns of fatty acids and the fatty acid composition in serum, 2) determine selenium (Se) concentrations, and 3) investigate how serum fatty acid compositon affects serum levels of Se in Korean elementary school children. The subjects consisted of 168 school children(82 boys & 86 girls) belonging to 1st through 6th grades, and their dietary assessment was evaluated. The serum fatty acid composition was analyzed by GLC, and the ICP/MS method was employed to measure serum Se concentration. Total average intake of PUFA, MUFA and SFA were 10.5g, 12.7g, 11.2g respectively. Total average dietary P/M/S ratio was 1.10/1.18/1.0. The average intake of $\omega$3 fatty acids and $\omega$6 fatty acids were 1.33g, 9.19g, respectively. The $\omega$6/$\omega$3ratio was 14.2 which is higher than the recommended range. In serum fatty acid composition, PUFA, MUFA, SFA were 40.6%, 28.1% and 31.6% respectively. The average $\omega$3 fatty acid composition was 3.80%, and the mean value of $\omega$6 series was 36.8%. The M/S ratio of girls was significantly higher than boy's in fatty acids intake and in serum composition. Mean Se concentration of total subjects was 416.7ug/l and it was significantly higher in the lower grades(1st-3rd)than in the upper grades(4th~6th, p<0.05). Although the mean serum Se concentration was negatively correlated with PUFA composition in total boys and girls, it was not significant. Serum Se concentration was negatively correlated with P/S ratio and C24:1 concentration(p<0.05). In addition, serum composition of $\omega$6 PUFA and C24:1 showed negative correlations with serum Se in only lower grades girl(1st~3rd), and further studies are needed to clarify in these phenomena. In conclusion, the mean serum Se concentration was significantly lower in upper grades (4th~6th)than in lower grades(1st~3rd) of elementary school children and was negatively correlated with P/S ratio of serum fatty acids. More detailed studies on relationship between Se and fatty acids are required.

• 암석학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.142-160
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• 1996

한반도 남동부 경주시 일원에 분포하는 남산화강암체에서 산출되는 A-형 화강암에 대한 암석학 및 지화학적 특성에 대하여 고찰하였다. 남산화강암체는 북부의 하이퍼솔브스 알칼리장석화강암과 남부의 서브솔브스 알칼리장석화강암 및 흑운모화강암으로 구성된다. 이들 중 하이퍼솔브스 화강암은 정동구조를 나타내며, 특징적으로 퍼다이트 조직을 나타내는 알칼리장석, 석영과 이들 사이의 간극을 충진하고 있는 철이 풍부한 흑운모와 알칼리각섬석 및 형석으로 구성되며, 석영과 알칼리장석은 종종 미문상조직을 나타낸다.남산화강암체의 하이퍼솔브스화강암 및 서브솔브스호강암은 암석기재 또는 지화학적 특징을 볼 때, 각 I-형의 불국사회강암류와 구분된다. 즉 높은 $SiO_2$, $Na_2O$, $Na_2O+K_2O$, Rb, Nb, Y, Zr, Ga, Th, Ce, U 함량을 나타내며, $TiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, CaO, $P_2O_5$, MnO, MgO, Ba, Sr, Eu등은 낮은 함량을 나타낸다. 또한 높은 Ga/Al비를 나타내며, 희토류원소의 전체함량이 약 293-466 ppm 으로 분화가 상당히 많이 진행된 화강암의 조성을 보여주며, 희토류원소의 변화패톤도 특징적으로 심한 Eu'-'이상(Eu/$Eu^{\ast}$=0.03~0.05)을 나타내는 편평 백립암질 물질이, 맨틀로부터 새로운 열원의 공급에 의해, 고온에서 부분용융되어 만들어진 A-형 마그마로부터 유래하였을 가능성을 나타낸다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.511-516
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• 1999

유지의 가수분해시, 반응온도, 금속이온, pH, 교반속도, 물-유지의 무게비 및 효소량 등의 환경 및 조성인자가 효소 Lipase-OF의 역가 및 가수분해특성에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 융점이 낮은 유지의 경우 Lipase-OF의 활성이 가장 높은 온도는 37$^{\circ}C$ 근방이었으나 융점이 4$0^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도 범위에서는 유지의 종류에 관계없이 온도가 상승하면 Lipase-OF의 활성이 급격히 감소하여 $65^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 효소의 활성이 정지되었다. 교반속도를 150, 250, 350, 450, 550 및 650 rmp으로 변화시켜가면서 유지의 가수분해실험을 수행하여 350 rpm 이하에서는 교반속도가 상승하면 가수분해율도 상승하였으나 교반속도 350 rpm 이상에서는 교반속도 상승에 대한 가수분해율의 변화를 찾아볼 수 없었다. 유지와 물의 무게비를 9 : 1에서 1 : 9까지 변화시켜가면서 가수분해실험을 수행하여 일정한 가수분해 시간에서 가수분해율이 가장 높은 무게비가 1 : 1 근방의 값임을 규명하였다. 금속 이온 중 $Ca^{2+}와\;Mg^{2+}$ 이온이 가수분해율 상승에 기여하였다. 금속이온이 없는 경우에 비하여 $Ca^{2+}$또는 $Mg^{2+}$ 이온 농도가 100 ppm 근방의 값일 때 2 내지 3%의 가수분해율 증가효과를 나타내었다. Lipase-OF에 대한 최적 pH는 7근방이었다. pH가 산성쪽으로 감소하면 가수분해율도 감소하였으며 알칼리쪽으로 증가하여도 가수분해율이 감소하였다. 기질의 0.00075 wt% 와 0.1 wt% 범위내에서 Lipase-OF량이 가수분해율에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 효소량 0.013 wt% 이하에서는 효소량이 증가하면 가수분해율도 증가하였으나 0.013 wt% 이상에서는 효소량이 증가하여도 가수분해율은 증가하지 않았다. Lipase-OF의 가수분해율에 미치는 환경 및 조성인자의 영향에 대한 실험을 통하여 최적온도는 37$^{\circ}C$, 최적 pH는 7, $Ca^{2+}\;또는\;Mg^{2+}$의 최적농도는 100 ppm, 최적교반속도는 350 rpm, 유지와 물의 최적무게비는 1 : 1 및 최적 효소량은 유지의 0.013 wt%임을 규명하였다.