• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.123-136
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• 2018

The complex dose distribution and dose transfer characteristics of intensity-modulated radiotherapy increase the importance of precise beam data measurement and review in the acceptance inspection and preparation stages. In this study, we propose a process map for the introduction and installation of high-precision radiotherapy devices and present items and guidelines for risk management at the acceptance test procedure (ATP) and commissioning stages. Based on the ATP of the Varian and Elekta linear accelerators, the ATP items were checked step by step and compared with the quality assurance (QA) test items of the AAPM TG-142 described for the medical accelerator QA. Based on the commissioning procedure, dose quality control protocol, and mechanical quality control protocol presented at international conferences, step-by-step check items and commissioning guidelines were derived. The risk management items at each stage were (1) 21 ionization chamber performance test items and 9 electrometer, cable, and connector inspection items related to the dosimetry system; (2) 34 mechanical and dose-checking items during ATP, 22 multileaf collimator (MLC) items, and 36 imaging system items; and (3) 28 items in the measurement preparation stage and 32 items in the measurement stage after commissioning. Because the items presented in these guidelines are limited in terms of special treatment, items and practitioners can be modified to reflect the clinical needs of the institution. During the system installation, it is recommended that at least two clinically qualified medical physicists (CQMP) perform a double check in compliance with the two-person rule. We expect that this result will be useful as a radiation safety management tool that can prevent radiation accidents at each stage during the introduction of radiotherapy and the system installation process.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.217-225
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality management systems of domestic asbestos survey and monitoring service providers and the relationships with the number of licenses or designations and sales performances. Methods: Data on quality management systems were collected by assessors who were assigned by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(KOSHA) during a pilot evaluation program for designated asbestos survey and monitoring service providers in 2016 using evaluation criteria developed by KOSHA. Basic characteristics, evaluated scores, and sales performance were gathered and statistically analyzed. Results: The median and arithmetic mean of the total scores were 0.64 and 0.66. Evaluation fields that scored highly with the highest percentages were sales performance, installation and availability of equipment, compliance with the mandatory minimum number of airborne samples, laboratory independence, and results of proficiency analytical testing, in that order. Evaluation fields that received low marks with the highest percentages were the training of personnel, blank field samples, calibration of flow rates, preliminary check and visual inspection of the work area prior to the clearance test, and review and approval of final reports, in that order. Comparison of normalized scores between service providers registered for asbestos and other tasks and those designated for only asbestos showed significant differences in their evaluated scores. Sales performance did not show a positive correlation with evaluated scores. Conclusions: The quality management systems of domestic asbestos survey and monitoring service providers were poor. High scores were recorded mostly in evaluation fields related to regulatory requirements. Low scores were recorded mostly in evaluation fields related to documentation and recordkeeping. Considering the low influence of quality on sales performance, the government needs to evaluate the quality management of asbestos survey and monitoring service providers and provide the results to public in order to address their low levels of quality management.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.52-65
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• 2019

Purpose: Outbreaks resulting from medication injections have recently been on the rise in Korea despite various established guidelines. The objective of this study was to assess the degree to which healthcare professionals are aware of safe injection practice guidelines and to account for the adherence to and the deviation from safe injection guidelines formulated by healthcare providers. Methods: In November 2016, a cross-sectional anonymous questionnaire covering general characteristics of injections, patient safety culture, awareness of safe injection practices, and adherence to and barriers to safe injection guidelines was issued to healthcare providers who administer medication injections or manage and supervise these injections (N=550). Multivariate logistic regression analysis via enter method was performed to define the influencing factors of adherence of safe injection practices. Results: On average, respondents adhere to 17 of the 24 guidelines. Multivariate logistic regression found that those who were more likely to adhere to safe injection guidelines either underwent a patient safety training experience within the last year, provided care in a setting characterized by a highly developed patient safety culture, or were employed as physicians or nurses, as opposed to some other type of care provider. Barriers to safe injection guidelines were attributable to; thoughts of waste to discard leftover medicine, provisions that made adherence cumbersome, a weak culture of compliance, and insufficient amounts of injectable medicine, products, and education. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that controllable factors like training experience of healthcare providers and patient safety culture were positively associated with adherence to safe injection practices. It was suggested that the training of healthcare providers on safe injection practices be a continuous process to promote patient safety. Additionally, there should be an increased focus on developing and implementing policies to improve patient safety culture from a prevention rather than post-management perspective.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.332-338
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• 2021

Civil aviation cybersecurity challenges are global in nature and must be addressed using global best practices and the combined efforts of all stakeholders. This requires the development of comprehensive international strategies and detailed plans for their implementation, with appropriate resources. It is important to build such strategies on a common methodology that can be applied to civil aviation and other interrelated critical infrastructure sectors. The goal of the study was to determine the methodological basis for developing an international civil aviation cybersecurity strategy, taking into account existing experience in strategic planning at the level of international specialized organizations. The research was conducted using general scientific and theoretical research methods: observation, description, formalization, analysis, synthesis, generalization, explanation As a result of the study, it was established the specifics of the approach to formulating strategic goals in civil aviation cybersecurity programs in the documents of intergovernmental and international non-governmental organizations in the aviation sphere, generally based on a comprehensive vision of cybersecurity management. A comparative analysis of strategic priorities, objectives, and planned activities for their implementation revealed common characteristics based on a single methodological sense of cybersecurity as a symbiosis of five components: human capacity, processes, technologies, communications, and its regulatory support. It was found that additional branching and detailing of priority areas in the strategic documents of international civil aviation organizations (by the example of Cybersecurity Strategy and Cybersecurity Action Plan) does not always contribute to compliance with a unified methodological framework. It is argued that to develop an international civil aviation cybersecurity strategy, it is advisable to use the methodological basis of the Cyber Security Index.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.155-167
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• 2012

Cloud computing service is a next generation IT service which has pay-per-use billing model and supports elastically provisioning IT infra according to user demand. However it has many potential threats originating from outsourcing/supporting service structure that customers 'outsource' their own data and provider 'supports' infra, platform, application services, the complexity of applied technology, resource sharing and compliance with a law, etc. In activation of Cloud service, we need objective assessment standard to ensure safety and reliability which is one of the biggest obstacles to adopt cloud service. So far information security management system has been used as a security standard for a security management and IT operation within an organization. As for Cloud computing service it needs new security management and assessment different from those of the existing in-house IT environment. In this paper, to make a Information Security Management System considering cloud characteristics key components from threat management system are drawn and all control domain of existing information security management system as a control components are included. Especially we designed service security management to support service usage in an on-line self service environment and service contract and business status.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.51-56
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• 2021

The brachial systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure are the predictors of cardiovascular disease in individuals over 50 years of age. As the stiffness increases, the reflex amplitude and pressure in the late systole increase, resulting in an increase in left ventricular load and myocardial oxygen demand. Therefore, it is necessary to study how stiffness affects blood pressure. In this study, the blood pressure pulse waves were measured before and after taking the drug, and the blood pressure pulse wave was measured before and after myocardial heart transplantation in patients with heart failure. The correlation between R, L, and C components of the Windkessel model was estimated by increasing blood pressure. As a result of modeling the parameters of the Windkessel model using the curve fitting method, the increase in blood pressure and decrease in systolic rise time were due to the increase in the L component in the RLC Windkessel model. Among the various mechanical characteristics of blood vessels, the most important parameter affecting high BP waveform is the inertance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.26-36
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• 2021

The topic of this study is the field of humanitarian logistics for disaster response. Many existing studies have revealed that compliance with the golden time in response to a disaster determines the success or failure of relief activities, and logistics costs account for 80% of the disaster response cost. Besides, the agility, responsiveness, and effectiveness of the humanitarian logistics system are emphasized in consideration of the disaster situation's characteristics, such as the urgency of life-saving and rapid environmental changes. In other words, they emphasize the importance of logistics activities in disaster response, which includes the effective and efficient distribution of relief supplies. This study proposes a mathematical model for establishing a transport plan to distribute relief supplies in a disaster situation. To determine vehicles' route and the amount of relief for cities suffering a disaster, it mainly considers the urgency, effectiveness (restoration rate), and uncertainty in the logistics system. The model is initially developed as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model containing some nonlinear functions and transform into a Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model using a logarithmic transformation and piecewise linear approximation method. Furthermore, a minimax problem is suggested to search for breakpoints and slopes to define a piecewise linear function that minimizes the linear approximation error. A numerical experiment is performed to verify the MILP model, and linear approximation error is also analyzed in the experiment.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.583-591
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• 2022

In this study, the depression and anxiety of university students in the COVID-19 situation were identified, and the effects on depression and anxiety were indicated. Subjects were chosen randomly, and for the method a step selection multiple regression analysis was used. As a result of checking the factors affecting the subjects' general characteristics, stress level, preventive rule compliance level, and daily vitality level on depression and anxiety, the factors that had significant influence on depression were CPDI(𝛽=.230, p=.000), and K-ANX(𝛽=.472, p=.000). Other factors such as CPDI(𝛽=.276, p=.000), EDAS(𝛽=-.127, p=.019) and K-DEP(𝛽=.482, p=.000) were analyzed to have significant effects on anxiety. Therefore, the results of this study are thought to be meaningful as basic data that can be used to establish educational and counseling activities that help university students adjust to society and academically in the COVID-19 situation.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.197-203
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to establish an S.I. (Space Identity) considering the spatial location and cultural specificity of Jecheon Jungang Market, the oldest and largest market in Jecheon with historical characteristics. To this end, we identify the flow of the cultural tourism market, investigate and analyze the current state of Jecheon Central Market, and present a direction based on storytelling for each space. The concept of space design was divided into space, time, people, and culture as coexistence, and merchants, products, and shopping malls share temporality and coexist in one space. Therefore, the facilities for each floor consisted of a gate, information board, lighting, rest area, design bench facility, information center, business compliance line, floor sign, and gate floor sign for each floor. Through this, it is necessary to establish a mid- to long-term development strategy by establishing a step-by-step promotion strategy to predict the economic effect of creating new demand and increasing sales in Jecheon Central Market.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.119-129
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• 2023

This study aims to identify the types of safety accidents that occur during maintenance and repair operations and analyze the root causes. We used the logic tree diagramming to extract the root causes of 65 safety incidents specifically related to maintenance and repair work out of a total of 1,024 agricultural safety incidents that occurred between 2007 and 2020 collected by investigation with interviews. The extracted root causes were analyzed by categorizing them into six different safety system classifications. The results of the analysis and suggestions are as follows. Incidents related to maintenance and repair work, which can lead to irreversible safety hazards, have occurred frequently. These incidents were found to be occurring due to the overlapping of various safety system errors such as personal protective system and safety operation procedure. In the short term, it is necessary to emphasize compliance with the use of personal protective equipment, and enhancement of maintenance training. In the long term, it is necessary to establish a legal distinction for maintenance and repair work and clarify the responsible parties. Introducing a maintenance system is also crucial to prevent occupational injuries during maintenance and repair in agriculture.