• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2019

In commercial areas, outdoor units are typically installed close to one another in the narrow space between buildings due to insufficient regulations. This makes it difficult to ventilate the discharge airflow, which may lead to deterioration of the performance of outdoor units. This study conducted CFD simulation to analyze the thermal environment according to the installation distance of the outdoor unit. The outdoor unit was installed in the space between buildings, and the thermal environment was analyzed by changing installation distance and wind speed. The performance of the outdoor unit was evaluated by measuring the on-coil temperature. The results show that the closer the distance between outdoor units, the higher the condenser on-coil temperature. Also, the on-coil temperature appeared to rise dramatically at lower wind speed.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2018

Changes in consumer purchasing patterns due to construction of large Western-style commercial buildings and introduction of new purchasing methods in South Korea in the 1990s led to a gradual decline in traditional markets. Under such a new environment, Yukgeori market, one of Korea's exemplary markets, has continued to develop and survive, while maintaining the traditional market form of Korea, both physically and operationally. Therefore, to find the characteristics of spatial configurations supporting the revitalization of traditional market, we deduced social attributes of spaces in street network of Cheongju city and the neighborhood including Yukgeori market by calculating the depths of nodes in the network using analysis models based on space syntax. The results illustrated that long street with the function to attract people and acts as a bridge of traffic and communication between highly modernized commercial area and traditional market can lead to continuous win-win development of both areas and the revitalization of traditional market through the promotion of social activities in the market. We expect that sound and sustainable development of contemporary cities, which lost tradition, will be achieved through the results of this study.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.338-345
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• 2009

미강유(RBO), 팜스테아린(PS), 고올레인산 해바라기씨유(HO)를 기질로 사용하여 24 hr, $65^{\circ}C$의 조건하에 회분식 반응기(batch type reactor)에서 TLIM을 이용한 interesterification을 통해 생성된 저트랜스 쇼트닝의 이화학적 특성을 살펴보았다. DSC 분석결과를 살펴보면, SFC 함량 변화는 commercial shortening과 low-trans shortening(LTS) 간에 거의 유사하게 측정되었고, slip melting point는 각각 35.5, $34.8^{\circ}C$로 나타났다. 지방산 조성 분석 결과, LTS는 전체 지방산 조성의 90% 이상이 C16:0(33.7 wt%), C18:1(45.7 wt%), C18:2(13.4 wt%)로 구성되어 있으며 이 중 트랜스지방산은 시중 유통 쇼트닝보다 3배 이상 적은 0.5 wt%로 미량 검출되었다. Sn-2 position에 위치한 지방산 조성은 C16:0이 36.6 wt%, C18:1이 43.5 wt%로 나타났다. LTS의 주요 TAG 조성으로는 POO, POP, PLO 등으로 나타났고, 반응 전과 반응 후의 TAG 조성을 비교해 보면, OOO와 PPP의 area%는 각각 27.65에서 6.97 area%로, 11.97에서 3.36 area%로 감소한 반면 POO는 15.94에서 29.05 area%로, PLO는 6.44에서 13.05 area%로 증가되었다. ${\alpha},\;{\gamma}\;{\delta}$-Tocopherol 분석 결과 LTS의 total tocopherol은 12.37 mg/100 g, ${\gamma}$-oryzanol 함량은 0.43 mg/100 g을 나타냈으며, total phytosterol 함량은 251.38 mg/100 g으로 나타났다. Commercial shortening과 LTS의 texture analyzer를 통한 hardness 측정 결과, commercial shortening은 157.41 g, LTS는 157.00 g으로 두 시료의 hardness가 비슷하게 측정되었다. LTS의 polymorphic form을 측정하기 위해 x-ray duffraction을 사용하였다. 일반적으로 쇼트닝이나 마가린은 ${\beta}'$형 결정일 때 바람직하다고 여겨지는데, LTS의 분석 결과 ${\beta}$형이 함께 공존하고 있지만, ${\beta}'$형이 우세하게 나타났다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.471-474
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• 2007

Eucalyptus plantations play a major role in the China's ecological, social, economic and other aspects and presently China is the second largest producer of Eucalyptus in the world next to Brazil. It was introduced as an ornamental tree during 1890 but later it became a commercial crop. During 1960s large number of Eucalyptus timber were used for railway sleepers and it was also used as shelter belt for rubber trees. It becomes one of the important national resources of commercial timber once the production reached to 5 million $m^{3}/yr$. Through Eucalyptus oil, it brought about 20% of foreign exchange. In the present study, it was aimed to estimate the Eucalyptus growing area in the southern Guangdong in China in terms of aerial extent and changes between 1991 and 2001 using Landsat TM and ETM+ data. Object based classification technique and subsequent temporal change detection analysis were followed to identify the changes between the periods. In the present study, the total area was divided into three classes viz., plantation area with trees, plantation area without trees and others. Object oriented classification was found to be more accurate in the present study. Overall increase of about 23.62 $km^{2}$ was noted between 1991 and 2001 in the plantation area. With reference to the present study area, the growth of Eucalyptus growing area was 7.4% in the 10 year periods. From this study it is clear that the area under Eucalyptus cultivation is growing considerably year by year in China. However, elaborate study must be conducted considering larger areas to accurately predict the growth of Eucalyptus growing areas.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.177-192
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• 2014

이 연구는 상가임대차계약에서 상가 월세의 비중에 영향을 주는 요인을 실증적으로 조사하였다. 이 연구의 이론적 기반은 입지이론, 상권분석, 입찰지대의 이론, 집적이론, 그리고 수요 외부성의 이론이다. 이 연구에서 사용된 자료는 $3.3m^2$당 상가 권리금, $3.3m^2$당 상가 임대료, $3.3m^2$당 상가 월세, 전국 100개 상권의 보행자 수가 포함되었다. 다중회귀 분석을 사용한 그 결과로서, 각 상권의 월세비중에 영향을 주는 변수는 $3.3m^2$당 상가 권리금, $3.3m^2$당 상가보증금, $3.3m^2$당 상가 월세가 상가 권리금에 영향을 주는 변수이다. 또한 서울시에서는 상가 월세의 비중을 결정할 때 $3.3m^2$당 상가 권리금과 도소매업체의 수가 중요하다는 것을 보였다. 요약하면, 상가 월세의 비중을 결정할 때, 상권의 경제적 상황뿐만 아니라 통행하는 보행자의 수도 고려해야 한다.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2006

He purpose of this study was to provide basic data for improvement commercial kimchi quality. To examine the consciousness of commercial kimchi, college students residing in the Jeonnam area were selected and asked to questionnaires. Commercial kimchi samples used included a total of 7 kinds which were fermented for 2 week at $4^{\circ}C$. A sensory characteristics included 10 items with a 5-score scale: color, savory taste, carbonated taste, sour taste, hot taste, salty taste, bitter taste, off-flavor, texture, and overall preference. 76% of the whole student liked kimchi, especially well-fermented kimchi(43.2%) and kimchi with fermented fish(48.6%). Participants liked savory(21.6%), hot(17.1%), and crispy(14.4%) taste. Their most favorite kimchi was the whole cabbage kimchi(26.1%), wild lettuce kimchi(0.9%) and watery kimchi made of sliced radishes(1.8%) were low in preference. 56.8% of participants had no experience in making kimchi. They mainly bought commercial kimchi in grocery stores(37.8%) or shopping malls(29.7%). They pointed out the addition of artificial sweeter(35.1%), insanitation, and discredit of kimchi materials(21.6%) as problems of commercial kimchi. The sensory characteristics of commercial fresh kimchi was significantly different in color($2.6{\sim}4.1$), and hot($2.3{\sim}3.8$), and salty($2.6{\sim}3.5$) with p<0.001. The sensory characteristics of $4^{\circ}C$-fermented commercial kimchi for 2 week was significantly different in color($2.7{\sim}3.9$), and salty($2.1{\sim}4.0$) with p<0.001. It was found that color, and hot, and salty taste had the greatest effect on the overall preference in non-fermented kimchi, and color and salty taste, in 2 week fermented kimchi

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.117-132
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• 1976

Fertilizer has been played greately on the agricultural development as well as food production and agriculture has also promoted the development of fertilizer industry. There were, however, many difficulties between supply and demand of fertilizer throughout the decade. In this regard, this paper is involved with present situation and prospect of commercial fertilizers, in view of domestic and international scheme on resources, production, and demand within the limited information. Brief history of commercial fertilizer in Korea has outlined for the introduction and fertilizer consumption per unit area also discussed.

• 한국전자거래학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전자거래학회 1999년도 학술대회지 vol.2
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• pp.501-508
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• 1999

In this paper, we discuss about the implementation of CITIS(Contractor Integrated Technical Information Service) which is information infrastructure for CALS. CALS concept is introduced by DoD(Department of Defense, US) to exchange technical data of product's life cycle electronically. This CALS concept is accepted by commercial industrial area and considered as a part of global concept of Electronic Commerce. CITIS- a service defined by MIL-STD-974- is about to be implemented by commercial industrial society, too. But, until now there is a few sites implementing CITIS and especially in Korea. In this paper, we discuss characteristics of some CALS/CITIS implementation and solutions, and introduce ETRI-CITIS.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.259-290
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• 1996

As part of Korea's opening to tile world economy, over the past several years the government has begun th liberalize in the distribution industry. This study cocentrates on long-term strategy of distribution industry in Inchon where will be the hub in the northeastern area. Based on data analysis for the present conditions referring the physical distribution and the commercial distribution, problems are drawn on this two sectors. Conclusion shows introduction of the advanced know-how, expansion of the physical distribution center, and modernization of tile commercial distribution structure.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.698-705
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 택지개발사업의 계획특성이 사업지구의 지가변동에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 택지개발사업의 효율적인 추진을 위한 정책적 시사점을 도출하는 것이다. 이를 위해 우선 청주시 택지개발사업 추진단계별 지가변동 규모와 양상을 분석하였다. 그리고 이론적 고찰 및 선행연구 검토를 통해 지가변동에 영향을 주는 택지개발사업의 계획특성 요소 16개((1)지가변동률, (2)사업구역 면적, (3)주거용지 비율, (4)상업용지 비율, (5)준주거용지 비율, (6)근린생활시설용지 비율, (7)공동주택 비율, (8)도로율, (9)공원 녹지율, (10)학교 비율, (11)$1m^2$당 조성비, (12)일반주거지역 비율, (13)준주거지역 비율, (14)상업지역 비율, (15)준공업지역 비율, (16)자연녹지지역 비율)를 선정하였다. 선정된 계획특성 요소 16개 중 지가변동에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하기 위하여 SPSS 20.0 Version을 이용하여 상관관계를 분석하였다. 지가변동의 양상을 분석한 결과, 지구가 지정되기 2년 전부터 지가가 상승되기 시작하였고 준공이후 지가상승이 안정화되는 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 지가변동에 영향을 주는 계획특성 요소를 분석한 결과 (2)사업구역 면적, (4)상업용지 비율, (6)근린생활시설용지 비율, (8)도로율, (11)$1m^2$당 조성비, (12)일반주거지역 비율이 지가변동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다.