• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.231-246
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• 2016

Technology acceptance model has demonstrated that technology adoption behavior can be explained by two user belief constructs: perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. A number of studies have explored how these beliefs develop by utilizing primarily individual-level antecedents. However, because innovation and new techniques bear a direct relation to social concerns, non-individual antecedents may be necessary. Therefore, in this study, social and organizational supports are used to understand how software developers foster beliefs regarding secure coding practices. We compiled data from 83 software developers to evaluate the technology acceptance model. Our findings show that these collective antecedents can effectively explain user belief constructs and the intention to adopt secure coding methodologies. These findings imply that society and organizations offering more concrete support programs will experience smoother deployment of security-enhancing measures.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.426-431
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• 1996

It is well known that the understanding of the complex mechanism of magnetoplasma is closely related with understanding of the collective behavior of discharge plasma parameters such as the cathode-sheath potential, cathode-sheath thickness, electron temperature, electron density, and ambipolar diffusion. In this paper, some of the relationships between these plasma parameters and magnetic field is investigated experimentally with a Langmuir probe in the magnetoplasma generated by D.C diode system. It is found that when magnetic field is increased, cathode-sheath potential, cathode-sheath thickness, and ambipolar diffusion are decreased. In addition, peak ion density obtained as a parameter of ionic signal voltage by Faraday cup method is independent of magnetic field. (author). 9 refs., 11 figs.,1 tab.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.135-150
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• 2010

In the age of digital convergence, it is expected that quality of life of human beings can be improved by converged devices and services. Researches concerning change of buying patterns and consumer behaviors in these contexts have to be progressed actively. To investigate future trend of consumer behaviors, we used focus group interview for Qualitative approach in the first step and then conducted questionnaire survey for experts in order to get validity and feasibility of research results. As result of research we suggested eight propositions by FGI for 20s target consumers. Additionally, on the basis of qualitative research, by questionnaire survey for 22 experts two perspectives of positive and negative views In future trends were proposed. Results can give lots of Implications and research motivations to academia, practices and workers in public policies who have interests in change of consumer behaviors, thinking styles, and life style under digital convergent environment.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.623-628
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• 2018

Clotting properties of human blood are important clinical information to monitor for patients with platelet and coagulation disorders. Most devices used to diagnose these disorders utilize blood plasma together with tissue factors and $Ca^{{+}{+}}$ additives. In some instruments, magnetic particles were mixed with blood samples and a rotating magnetic field was applied, resulting in the rotation of magnetic particles, which was probed by impinging light. The working principle seems obvious yet had not been investigated in depth. We modeled the collective behavior of light propagating through magnetic needles, aligned in the direction of the rotating external magnetic field, with scattering light analysis software. Simulation results indicated that the scattering pattern undergoes periodic undulations with respect to the slant angle of the magnetic needles. Also provided is a means of extracting meaningful information from the scattering measurement.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• v.80
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• pp.852-858
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• 2022

We studied an unrevealed characteristic of radiation emission from a localized plasma oscillator (plasma dipole oscillation-PDO). PDO is a novel concept of generating terahertz emission from a laser plasma-based system. The electromagnetic field generated by a PDO embedded in a uniform plasma, instead of being cut off by the ambient plasma as expected by a common but misleading sense, propagates long distances to escape the plasma eventually. The PDO-THz, differently from other laser plasma-based THz sources, utilizes the collective behavior of the plasma (plasma oscillations) and, accordingly, produces a quasi-narrow-band emission, which can potentially be useful in THz-based accelerator or THz-pump and probe experiments. We verified the PDO mechanism by using realistic three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations.

• Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.1525-1529
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• 2022

Co-Cr-Mo based sheet I-WP lattice was fabricated via laser powder bed fusion. The effect of microstructure and the I-WP shape on compressive mechanical response was investigated. Results of compression test showed that yield strength of the sheet I-WP was 176.3 MPa and that of bulk Co-Cr-Mo (reference material) was 810.4 MPa. By applying Gibson-Ashby analytical model, the yield strength of the lattice was reversely estimated from that of the bulk specimen. The calculated strength of the lattice obtained was 150.7 MPa. The shape of deformed lattice showed collective failure mode, and its microstructure showed that strain-induced martensitic transformation occurred in the overall lattice. The deformation behavior of additively manufactured sheet I-WP lattice was also discussed.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.175-181
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• 2013

This paper presents a simulation for passenger ship evacuation considering the inclination of a ship. In order to describe a passenger's behavior in an evacuation situation, a passenger is modeled as a rigid body which translates in the horizontal plane and rotates along the vertical axis. The position and rotation angle of a passenger are calculated by solving the dynamic equations of motions at each time step. To calculate inclined angle of damaged ship, static equilibrium equations of damaged ship are derived using "added weight method". Using these equations, physical external forces due to the inclination of a ship act on the body of each passenger. The crowd behavior of the passenger is considered as the flock behavior, a form of collective behavior of a large number of interacting passengers with a common group objective. Passengers can also avoid an obstacle due to penalty forces acting on their body. With the passenger model and forces acting on its body, the test problems in International Maritime Organization, Maritime Safety Committee/Circulation 1238(IMO MSC/Circ.1238) are implemented and the effects of ship's inclination on the evacuation time are confirmed.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.265-280
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• 2006

This study identifies the impact of cultural characteristics on both the behavior of Korean and Japanese tourists, and the corporate strategies of travel agents. The investigation examines travel types(individual or group packaged tour), the travel process, structural change within the travel industry and the behavior of foreign direct investment on tourism-related sectors. The distinctive characteristics of Australia-bound tourism from Japan and Korea were: the high proportion of group packaged tours; strong ethnic linkage in travel activities; the restructuring of travel industry focused on the emergence of large wholesalers; the establishment of overseas branch agents; and the foreign direct investment in resort and hotel properties. The distinctive character of Korean and Japanese travel in Australia was strongly influenced by the collective social group behavior and the strong cultural barriers, notably language and food, of the two countries.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.307-313
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• 2013

This paper presents a simulation for passenger ship evacuation considering determination of evacuating direction based on walking direction potential function. In order to determine walking direction of a passenger, his/her position in two dimensional plane was adopted as a design variable, and fixed boundaries such as walls and obstacles were adopted as constraints. To solve this optimum problem, a walking direction potential function was adopted as an objective function. This potential function was configured as a kind of penalty function and it contained two components. One is a potential function concerned with the distance to the destination, and other is a potential function based on the effect of walls and obstacles. To determine evacuating direction, this problem was solved by minimizing the walking direction potential function every unit time during the simulation. The crowd behavior of the passenger consisted of the flock behavior, a form of collective behavior of a large number of interacting passengers with a common group. With the proposed algorithm, the test problems in International Maritime Organization, Maritime Safety Committee/Circulation 1238(IMO MSC/Circ.1238) were implemented and the direction of passengers and total evacuation time was analyzed.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.9-21
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• 2015

Objectives: Realgar has been frequently used for skin disorders in history of herbal medicine. However, the efficacy of realgar has not been examined in atopic dermatitis(AD). In this study, the effects of realgar on AD were investigated, especially on pruritus and inflammation. Methods: AD lesions were induced in the shaved backs of BALB/c mice through repeated application of DNCB. The mice were treated for 11 days with 1% realgar ($100{\mu}L/day$). Histological changes in skin thickness were observed. The anti-pruritic effects of realgar were evaluated by the change in numbers of scratching behavior of mice and expression of substance P. The expressions of cytokines IL-4 and IL-6 were measured. Also, anti-inflammatory effects of realgar were examined on expressions of NF-${\kappa}B$, phospho-$I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Results: Realgar decreased skin thickness (both dermal and epidermal) 38% and 17% respectively, compared to positive control, DNCB group. The scratching behavior of mice was reduced by 42% and expression of substance P was significantly less. Cytokines IL-4 and IL-6 were significantly reduced by 52.6% and 77.6%, respectively. The expressions of NF-${\kappa}B$, phospho-$I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and MAPKs (phospho-ERK1/2, -p38 and -JNK) were significantly suppressed with marked effects on phospho-ERK1/2. Conclusions: The collective results suggest that realgar shows anti-pruritic and anti-inflammatory effects on AD. And realgar might be a potential therapeutic candidate for treatment of atopic dermatitis.