FIG. 1. Magnetic needles made of clustered paramagnetic particles aligned along the local line of applied magnetic field. Paramagnetic particles were ~1 mm long.
FIG. 2. Light scattering patterns by needles at 60 (top) and 150 degrees (bottom) each with normally incident light.
FIG. 3. Simulation arrangement. Normal incident light is scattered by magnetic needles. The sensor/receiver collects and counts the photons scattered into that direction.
FIG. 4. Light scattering by magnetic needles. The pattern repeats itself every 180 degrees.
FIG. 5. Consideration for the Lambertian nature of the reflection off magnetic needles.
FIG. 6. Process of photon trapping. (a) Top: Normal incidence (b) Bottom: Oblique incidence.
FIG. 7. Light scattering by magnetic particles in human blood undergoing coagulation.
FIG. 8. Modulation values for results in Fig. 7.
References
- A. J. Gale, "Current understanding of hemostasis," Toxicol Pathol. 39, 273-280 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1177/0192623310389474
- K. Kottke-Marchant, "An algorithmic approach to hemostasis testing," Northfield, Ill.: College of American Pathologists, (c)2008. Electronic Format. 3-12.
- A. Ramkumar and N. Yoshimizu, "Methods, devices, and systems for measuring physical properties of fluid," US Patent 2013/0192349 A1 (2013).
- B. Overhardt, "Method for performing coagulation assays accurately, rapidly and simply, using dry chemical reagents and paramagnetic particles," US Patent 5110727 A (1988).
- One example is Coaguchekc S from Roche Diagnostics, https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/the-coaguchek-s-system (accessed Sep 25, 2017).
- Oberhardt, B.J., Dermott, S.C., Taylor, M., Alkadi, Z.Y., Abruzzini, A.F., and fGresalfi, N.J., "Dry reagent technology for rapid, convenient measurement of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis," Clin. Chem 37, 520-526 (1991).
- https://refractiveindex.info/?shelf=main&book=Fe3O4&page=Querry (accessed Aug 12, 2018).
- J. Lee, H, Choi, and K Nahm, "Optical analysis for the estimation of whole blood coagulation time with magnetic particles," Korean J. Opt. Photon. 24, 338-341 (2013). https://doi.org/10.3807/KJOP.2013.24.6.338