• Title/Summary/Keyword: cognitive-behavioral therapy

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Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Neurocognitive Disorder (신경인지장애의 정신행동증상에 대한 비약물학적 개입)

  • Hyun Kim;Kang Joon Lee
    • Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2023
  • Patients with neurocognitive disorder show behavioral psychological symptoms such as agitation, aggression, depression, and wandering, as well as cognitive decline, which puts a considerable burden on patients and their families. For the treatment of behavioral psychological symptoms, patient-centered, non-pharmacological treatment should be used as a first line approach. This paper describes non-pharmacological interventions to manage and treat behavioral psychological symptoms in patients with neurocognitive disorder. In order to control behavioral psychological symptoms such as agitation, depression, apathy, insomnia, and wandering, it is important to identify and evaluate factors such as environmental changes and drugs, and then solve such problems. Non-pharmacological interventions include reassurance, encourage, distraction, and environmental change. It is necessary to understand behavior from a patient's point of view and to approach the patient's needs and abilities appropriately. Reminiscence therapy, music therapy, aroma therapy, multisensory stimulation therapy, exercise therapy, light therapy, massage therapy, cognitive intervention therapy, and pet therapy are used as non-pharmacological interventions, and these approaches are known to improve symptoms such as depression, apathy, agitation, aggression, anxiety, wandering, and insomnia. However, the quality of the evidence base for non-pharmacological approaches is generally lower than for pharmacological treatments. Therefore, more extensive and accurate effectiveness verification studies are needed in the future.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Primary Insomnia: A Meta-analysis (만성 일차성 불면증 환자에게 적용한 인지행동중재의 효과: 메타분석)

  • Kim, Ji-Hyun;Oh, Pok-Ja
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.9
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    • pp.407-421
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    • 2016
  • This paper reports a meta-analysis of sixteen studies that evaluated the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for persistent primary insomnia. PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL and several Korean databases were searched between January 2015 and June 2015. The main search strategy involved the terms that indicate CBT-I (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Insomnia) and presence of insomnia. Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias. Data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.3 program of Cochrane Library. Sixteen clinical trials met the inclusion criteria, resulting in a total of 1503 participants. Stimulus control, sleep restriction, sleep hygiene education, and cognitive restructuring were the main treatment components. CBT-I was conducted for a mean of 5.4 weeks, 5.5 sessions, and an average of 90 minutes per session. The effects of CBT-i on total sleep time (d=-0.31), sleep onset latency (d=-0.29), awakening time after sleep onset (d=-0.55), sleep efficiency (d=-0.70), insomnia severity (d=-0.77) and sleep belief (d=-0.64) were significant. Overall, we found a range from small to moderate effect size. CBT-I also was effective for anxiety (d=-0.30) and depression (d=-0.35). The findings demonstrate that CBT-I interventions will lead to the improvement of both sleep quality and quantity in patients with insomnia.

Clinical Application of Digital Therapeutics for Insomnia (불면증 디지털 치료제의 임상 적용)

  • Cho, Chul-Hyun
    • Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.6-12
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    • 2021
  • Insomnia is one of the most common sleep disorders experienced by modern people, and treatment is often not adequate due to various limitations. Digital therapeutics for insomnia are expected to play a revolutionary role in supplementing and satisfying unmet needs in real-world clinical treatment. Digital therapeutics for insomnia were developed based on cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia, which is the first standard treatment for insomnia. The effectiveness of digital therapeutics for insomnia developed by several companies has been proven through well-designed clinical research. Various approaches have been used for practical application of digital therapeutics for insomnia. Thus far, meaningful results have been drawn, but there are areas that need to be improved upon based on real-world evidence. Sleep researchers need to validate the safe and effective application of digital therapeutics for the treatment of insomnia.

Development of a Mobile Application for Effective Mental Health Intervention

  • Mousab Issa Alhamada;Khairayu Badron
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.23 no.8
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    • pp.33-39
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    • 2023
  • The global surge in depression and anxiety, intensified by challenges such as cost and stigma, emphasizes the pressing need for accessible, evidence-based digital solutions. The research centers on the creation of a mobile application specifically designed to address mental health challenges. By integrating cognitive behavioral therapy techniques and features like appointment bookings and mindfulness feedback tools, the app is positioned to improve user outcomes. Utilizing platforms like React Native and React, combined with NestJS for enhanced backend security, the application adheres to the rigorous standards required for mental health interventions. Collaborative efforts with experts, notably the counseling unit of IIUM, ensure the app's alignment with contemporary best practices and research. Preliminary findings indicate a promising tool with the potential to address the global mental health treatment disparity.

Clinical Efficacy of Individual Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Patients with Primary or Secondary Insomnia (일차성 및 이차성 불면증 환자에서의 개별 인지행동치료의 임상적 효능)

  • Shin, Youn-Mi;Cha, Bo-Seok;Lim, Chae-Mi;Shin, Hong-Beom
    • Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.34-40
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    • 2010
  • Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for Patients with Primary or Secondary Insomnia. Methods: Participants were recruited from a primary care sleep clinic from January 2008 to June 2009. The study sample included 64 outpatients with primary insomnia (n=30) and secondary insomnia (n=34) according to the criteria of DSM-IV. Participants completed sleep diaries, Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale-16 (DBAS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before CBT and shortly after completion of CBT. CBT was provided in 7 weekly, 40-50-minute individual therapy sessions. Results: Both groups of patients with primary and secondary insomnia showed significant improvement in the DBAS and sleep parameters including sleep onset latency, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency. Repeated-measures ANOVA of the DBAS and sleep parameters showed no significant group-by-time interactions between patients with primary and secondary insomnia, suggesting the efficacy of CBT for patients with secondary insomnia was equivalent to that of CBT for patients with primary insomnia. Conclusion: This study suggests that CBT is effective for the management of primary and secondary insomnia in a primary care setting.

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Perspective for Clinical Application and Research of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Physical Therapy

  • Kim, Chung-Sun;Nam, Seok-Hyun
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.91-98
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    • 2010
  • Neurostimulation approaches have been developed and explored to modulate neuroplastic changes of cortical function in human brain. As one of the most primary noninvasive tools, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was extensively studied in the field of neuroscience. The alternation of cortical neurons depending on the polarity of the tDCS has been used for improving cognitive processing including working memory, learning, and language in normal individuals, as well as in patients with neurological or psychiatric diseases. In addition, tDCS has great advantages: it is a non-invasive, painless, safe, and cost-effective approach to enhance brain function in normal subjects and patients with neurological disorders. Numerous previous studies have confirmed the efficacy of tDCS. However, tDCS has not been considered for clinical applications and research in the field of physical therapy. Therefore, this review will focus on the general principles of tDCS and its related application parameters, and provide consideration of motor behavioral research and clinical applications in physical therapy.

A Case Report of Panic Disorder with Functional Gastrointestinal Disturbance (기능성 위장장애를 동반한 공황장애 환자 치험 1례)

  • Ryu, Ki-Jun;Kim, Ji-Hyung;Han, Chang;Park, Jong-Hun;Kwon, Seung-Ro
    • Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.187-196
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : This study was performed to report the effect of oriental treatments for panic disorder with functional gastrointestinal disturbance. Methods : In this case, a 30 year-old female patient has been suffered by panic disorder with functional gastrointestinal disturbance for 10 years. This case can be caused by KanKiUlKyul(肝氣鬱結), KanKiBeomYi(肝氣犯胃) and KanKiSeungBi(肝氣乘脾). We treated the patient with Herbal medication, Cognitive-behavioral therapy and Relaxation therapy. The effects of treatment were measured by GSRS(Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale), BPI(Brief Pain Inventory) and VAS(Visual Analog Scale) Results : As a result of oriental treatments, the symptoms of Panic Disorder with Functional Gastrointestinal Disturbance was improved. Conclusions : These results suggest that oriental treatments have an effect on Panic Disorder with Functional Gastrointestinal Disturbance.

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The Efficacy of a Short-Term Group Program for Treating Depressive Disorder in Female Adolescents : A Comparison of the Cognitive-Behavioral and Psychoeducation Programs : A Preliminary Study (우울장애 여자 중학생을 위한 단기 집단 치료 프로그램 효과의 예비연구 - 인지행동치료집단과 심리교육집단의 비교 -)

  • Park, Eun-Jung;Shin, Min-Sup;Jung, Kwang-Mo;Yang, Young-Heu;Kim, Boong-Nyun
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.29-38
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : This preliminary study evaluated the efficacy of two short-term programs for reducing depressive symptoms in female adolescents with depressive disorder. Methods : The participants were 23 middle school students who were randomly assigned to three groups : the cognitive-behavioral program group, the psycho education-program group and the no-intervention control group. Results : At postintervention, the students in cognitive-behavioral program group reported significantly lower levels of depressive symptoms, negative self-statement, automatic thought and psychiatric symptoms than did those in the no-intervention group and those in the psychoeducation-program group. Conclusion : The results suggest that the cognitive-behavioral program for female adolescent with depressive disorder was more effective in reducing depressive symptoms than the psychoeducation-program.

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The Effect of Cognitive Movement Therapy on Emotional Rehabilitation for Children with Affective and Behavioral Disorder Using Emotional Expression and Facial Image Analysis (감정표현 표정의 영상분석에 의한 인지동작치료가 정서·행동장애아 감성재활에 미치는 영향)

  • Byun, In-Kyung;Lee, Jae-Ho
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.16 no.12
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    • pp.327-345
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study was to carry out cognitive movement therapy program for children with affective and behavioral disorder based on neuro science, psychology, motor learning, muscle physiology, biomechanics, human motion analysis, movement control and to quantify characteristic of expression and gestures according to change of facial expression by emotional change. We could observe problematic expression of children with affective disorder, and could estimate the efficiency of application of movement therapy program by the face expression change of children with affective disorder. And it could be expected to accumulate data for early detection and therapy process of development disorder applying converged measurement and analytic method for human development by quantification of emotion and behavior therapy analysis, kinematic analysis. Therefore, the result of this study could be extendedly applied to the disabled, the elderly and the sick as well as children.

Behavioral Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Brief Review and Guidelines With a Specific Focus on Applied Behavior Analysis

  • Kyong-Mee Chung;Eunsun Chung;Hoomyung Lee
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.29-38
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    • 2024
  • We conducted a comprehensive review of behavioral and educational interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The most prominent type of intervention, Comprehensive Early Intervention, often referred to as Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI), has been found to be particularly effective in improving intelligence and adaptive behaviors. The naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention, designed to enhance social and communication abilities, showed effectiveness in improving language, cognitive function, and social initiation. However, more studies are needed to examine its effectiveness. Intensive individualized intervention, which provides a tailored intervention for a specific target behavior, was effective in improving social skills and communication, as well as reducing sleep, eating, and toileting problems. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most effective method for dealing with emotional difficulties, but it has not been widely used because of the shortage of trained experts. Parent-mediated intervention (PMI) involves parents acquiring knowledge and specific skills to improve their child's functioning or reduce challenging behaviors. Speech and language therapy, sensory integration, Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communications Handicapped Children, developmental approaches, and social stories are frequently used interventions. However, evidence of their effectiveness has yet to be well established. Based on these findings, intervention recommendations for autism include EIBI, Early Start Denver Model, intensive individualized intervention, CBT, and PMI. The choice of intervention should be tailored to the individual's needs and delivered by qualified professionals with expertise in the specific intervention.