• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.42-52
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• 1997

The affection of activated carbon on the dissolved aluminum ion in drinking water has been observed. In addition, the aluminum ion removal capability of activated, alumina, chitosan, and ion exchange resin have been investigated. Experimental results indicated that the coal based activated carbon released considerable amount of aluminum ion to the water while coconut shell based activated carbon didn't. However the release was not continuous. Activated alumina didn't show any recognizable removal capability for aluminum ion in water. Particulate chitosan has removed aluminum ion although dissolved chitosan has not. However it need to development a regeneration process for chitosan to be an effective mean for aluminum ion removal. Ion exchange resin showed a reliable aluminum ion removal capability. The ion exchange capacity was 2.63 meq/g resin for the aluminum ion in drinking water.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.157-162
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• 2004

The object of this research is to develop a carbon molecular sieve(below CMS) which can separate selectively to convert mixture gases spout at waste landfill into fuel. And this research is meaningful from the viewpoint of a quality improvement of CH$_4$ gas and an utilization of by-product. CMS was prepared using coconut shell powder as starting material and the effects of activators, temperature and modifier on the reaction were investigated in this research. Also, pore diameter, surface area of CMS and adsorption rate were measured and studied by cahn balance and ASAP2010. Its specific surface area and pore distribution were controlled easily at 800^{\circ}C and adsorption rate was very good. The CMS prepared in this research is shown to be able to separate landfill gases very effectively.

• Carbon letters
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.198-201
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• 2009

Among other filters such as light filter, wave filter, air filter, ultra filter and filter paper, a novel adsorption filter from thermostable polyester nonwoven fabrics immobilized with functional super activated carbon by means of quinoline soluble, activateable isotropic pitch binder were developed in this study. The activated carbon precursor is available in the market branded as coconut shell based activated carbon(CCS-AC) produced by Dongyang Carbon Co. Ltd. BET-surface area of this precursor was $1,355\;m^2/g$, after KOH-activation it increased over $2,970\;m^2/g$ and was named as super activated carbon. In the preliminary research, this precursor was impregnated with $PdCl_2$(0.188 wt%) $KMnO_4$(3 wt%) and redox-agent(CuCl2, 0.577 wt%) in order to promote TOF up to 100/h and Selectivity up 99% and patented as a functional AC for the ethylene adsorption. The enhancement of the isotropic pitch binder to the AC-immobilized adsorption filter was BET-surface area upgraded by $266\;m^2/g$ and promoted the Iodine- and MB-adsorption by 1.4 times, respectively and also micro pore wide ranges < $5{\AA}{\sim}30\;{\AA}$ >.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.339-349
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• 2015

Experiments were carried out using granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption techniques to treat wastewater contaminated with organic compounds caused by diverse human activities. Two techniques were assessed: adsorbent GAC prepared from coconut shell (GACC) and adsorbent GAC from palm shell (GACP). A comparison of these two techniques was undertaken to identify ways to improve the efficiency of the treatment process. Analysis of the processed wastewater showed that with GACC the removal efficiency of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS) was 65, 60, 82, 82 and 8.7%, respectively, while in the case of GACP, the removal efficiency was 55, 60, 81, 91 and 22%, respectively. It can therefore be concluded that GACC is more effective than GACP for BOD removal, while GACP is better than GACC for TSS and TDS removal. It was also found that for COD and turbidity almost the same results were achieved by the two techniques. In addition, it was observed that both GACC and GACP reduced pH value to 7.9 after 24 hrs. Moreover, the optimal time period for removal of BOD and TDS was 1 hr and 3 hrs, respectively, for both techniques.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.68-76
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• 2014

The present study has evaluated the $CO_2$ adsorption amount of activated carbon pellets (AC). Coconut shell based test AC were modified with surface impregnation of glycine, glycine metal salts and monoethanolamine for low level $CO_2$ (3000 ppm) adsorption. Physical and chemical properties of prepared adsorbents were analyzed and the adsorbed amount of $CO_2$ was investigated by using pure and 3,000 ppm $CO_2$ levels. The impregnation of nitrogen functionalities was verified by XPS analysis. The adsorption capacity for pure $CO_2$ gas was found to reach upto 3.08 mmol/g by AC-LiG (Activated carbon-Lithium glycinate), which has the largest specific surface area ($1026.9m^2/g$). As for low level $CO_2$ flow the primary amine impregnated adsorbent showed 0.26 mmol/g of adsorption amount, indicating the highest selectivity. An adsorbent with potassium-glycine salts (AC-KG, Activated carbon-Potassium glycinate) instead of amine presented with 0.12 mmol/g of adsorption capacity, which was higher than that of raw activated carbon granules (0.016 mmol/g).

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.207-221
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• 2023

The increasing demand for clean energy requires considerable effort to find alternative energy sources, such as briquettes. This research aims to develop a charcoal briquette with added pine resin (API) that has excellent combustion speed and distinctive aroma. Briquettes are composed of charcoal, pine resin (concentration: 0%-30%), and starch (up to 7%). They are produced in several stages, including coconut shell pyrolysis in conventional combustion, to obtain charcoal for the briquette precursor. Briquette compaction is conducted by mixing and densifying the charcoal, pine resin, and starch using a hydraulic press for 3 min. The hydraulic press has a total surface area and diameter of 57.7 cm² and 3.5 cm, respectively. The briquettes are dried at different temperatures, reaching 70℃ for 24 h. The study results show that the briquettes have a thickness and diameter of up to 2 and 3.5 cm, respectively; moisture of 2.18%-2.62%; ash of 11.61%-13.98%; volatile matter of 27.15%-51.74%; and fixed carbon content of 40.24%-59.46%. The compressive strength of the briquettes is 186-540 kg/cm². Their calorific value is 5,338-6,120 kcal/kg, combusting at a high speed of 0.15-0.40 s. The methoxy naphthalene, phenol, benzopyrrole, and lauryl alcohol; ocimene, valencene, and cembrene are found in the API. The API briquette has several chemical compounds, such as musk ambrette, ocimene, sabinene, limonene, 1-(p-cumenyl) adamantane, butane, and propanal, which improve aroma, drug application, and fuel production. Accordingly, API briquettes have considerable potential as an alternative energy source and a health improvement product.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.480-487
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• 2015

In this study, several kinds of active carbons with high specific surface area and micro pore structure were prepared from the coconut shell charcoal using chemical activation method. The physical property of prepared active carbon was investigated by experimental variables such as activating chemical agents to char coal ratio, flow rate of inert gas and temperature. It was shown that chemical activation with KOH and NaOH was successfully able to make active carbons with high surface area of $1900{\sim}2500m^2/g$ and mean pore size of 1.85~2.32 nm. The coin cell using water-based binder in the electrolyte of LiPF6 dissolved in mixed organic solvents (EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1 vol%) showed better capacity than that of oil-based binder. Also, it was found that the coin cell of water-based binder shows an improved cycling performance and coulombic efficiency.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.96-102
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• 2018

In this study, adsorption characteristics of coconut shell-based granular activated carbon (CS-GAC) on Basic Blue 3 (BB3) were evaluated. As the dosage of CS-GAC increased, the removal efficiency of BB3 tended to increase and the initial dye concentration of 50 mg/L was completely removed at 0.2 g dosage. Adsorption equilibrium achieved within 270 and 420 min at the initial concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/L, respectively, and the experimental data were represented by the pseudo-second-order model. The maximum uptakes ($q_{max}$) predicted by the Langmuir model were 34.45, 46.63 and 53.10 mg/g at 298, 308 and 318 K, respectively. The $q_{max}$ value increased as the temperature increased. Also, the Gibbs free energy (${\Delta}G$) was changed to -7.37, -8.19 and -10.40 kJ/mol with increasing temperature. The enthalpy change (${\Delta}H$) and the entropy change (${\Delta}S$) were 34.47 kJ/mol and 0.15 J/mol K, respectively. Therefore adsorption of BB3 by CS-GAC was spontaneous and endothermic.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.157-158
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• 2020

The present study examined the effectiveness of textile fabrics coated with nano-pore materials on removing the nitrogen oxide (NO_X) and sulfur oxide (SO_X) in the atmospheric environment. The tested approach is favorable for absorbing NO_X and SO_X, even under the washing condition.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.456-459
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• 2011

Among the various activated carbons available in the market, an optimum mixing method of two kind activated carbons with different adsorbability was investigated in this study. The representative adsorption behaviors of the activated carbon are the adsorption isotherm plots obtained by the BET-Analysis which suggests also basic information of adsorption filter design. So we have tested three cases with certifications, the one was the extreme case of coal cokes based activated carbon with highest BET-model and coconut-shell based activated carbon with the lowest Langmuir-model, the other middle and cross case were applied this method to two kinds of activated carbons with higher and lower specific surface areas which are not available but supplied as research samples by an authority of an Korean Research Institute.