• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2021

In this study, to evaluate deterioration propagation life and deterioration curve of the shop painted and field re-painted steel bridges, accelerated corrosion tests were carried out on 4 types of heavy-duty painting systems with different surface treatments. The surface treatments prior to painting were examined by hand tool(SSPC SP-2), power tool(SP-3,) or blast cleaning(SP-10) considering shop painting and field re-painting. The paint deterioration curves for each painting system and surface treatment were evaluated based on corrosion propagation from the initial paint defects. From the test results, the paint deterioration life of shop painted and field re-painted system was evaluated and compared by using corrosivity categories and durability performance evaluation of structural steel. The deterioration propagation life of shop and field paint was estimated in 18 to 21 years and 5.3 to 8.0 years with atmospheric corrosion category C4.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.2
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• pp.179-188
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• 2021

Biodiversity informatics applies information technology methods in organizing, accessing, visualizing, and analyzing primary biodiversity data and quantitative data management through the scientific names of accepted names and synonyms. We reviewed the GBIF data published by China, Japan, Taiwan, and internal institutes, such as NIBR, NIE, and KNA of the Republic of Korea, and assessed data in diverse aspects of data quality using BRAHMS software. Most data from four Asian countries have quality problems with the lack of data consistency and missing information on georeferenced data, collectors, collection date, and place names (gazetteers) or other invalid data forms. The major problem is that biodiversity management institutions in East Asia are using unstructured databases and simple spreadsheet-type data. Owing to the nature of the biodiversity information, if data relationships are not structured, it would be impossible to secure the data integrity of scientific names, human names, geographical names, literature, and ecological information. For data quality, it is essential to build data integrity for database management and training systems for taxonomists who are continuous data managers to correct errors. Thus, publishers in East Asia play an essential role not only in using specialized software to manage biodiversity data but also in developing structured databases and ensuring their integration and value within biodiversity publishing platforms.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2023

Due to social phenomena such as rapid aging in Korea, nuclear familyization, single marriage, and low birth rate, the number of Companion animals and the number of households with Companion animals are increasing due to the increase in single-person households. In fact, one out of every four households has a pet, and the scale of the industry is expected to reach 6 trillion won in 2027. In particular, in a situation where the Companion animal cosmetics market is in the spotlight amid the diversification of the pet industry, there is a great lack of research on related research and industry development methods. Accordingly, this study attempted to search and analyze academic data, patented technologies, and the latest data related to pet cosmetics and provide them as basic data for the Companion animal cosmetics industry, and the results are as follows. Academic data included verification of the effectiveness of natural materials to improve the skin condition of dogs, analysis of the pet cosmetics industry, and research on ICT-converged pet cosmetics, and the industry was mainly cleaning cosmetics, with pet shampoo launches in Amorepacific, LG Household & Healthcare, and Aekyung. In the patented technology for pets, a patent has been registered for natural product material composition and formulation ratio for skin moisturizing, skin improvement, thinning, and inflammation symptom relief. As a result of this award, it was confirmed that research and development are still insufficient compared to the consumption demand of the pet cosmetics market, and it is believed that industry analysis and development research in related fields should be actively carried out.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.37-51
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• 2023

Spatial information is essential for interpreting urban phenomena. Methodologies for spatializing urban information, especially when it lacks location details, have been consistently developed. Typical methods include Geocoding using structured address information or place names, spatial integration with existing geospatial data, and manual tasks utilizing reference data. However, a vast number of documents produced by administrative agencies have not been deeply dealt with due to their unstructured nature, even when there's demand for spatialization. This research utilizes the natural language processing model BERT to spatialize public documents related to urban planning. It focuses on extracting sentence elements containing addresses from documents and converting them into structured data. The study used 18 years of urban planning public announcement documents as training data to train the BERT model and enhanced its performance by manually adjusting its hyperparameters. After training, the test results showed accuracy rates of 96.6% for classifying urban planning facilities, 98.5% for address recognition, and 93.1% for address cleaning. When mapping the result data on GIS, it was possible to effectively display the change history related to specific urban planning facilities. This research provides a deep understanding of the spatial context of urban planning documents, and it is hoped that through this, stakeholders can make more effective decisions.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.343-350
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• 2023

Objectives: Water constitutes a majority of the human body and is essential for health. In addition, water intake can prevent dental caries by improving salivary lubrication and self-cleaning. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the amount of daily water intake and the symptoms of oral disease in Korean adolescents. Methods: We used data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS), conducted in Korea in 2021, and identified the relationship between daily water intake and oral disease symptoms in Korean adolescents. KYRBS is a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), and a total of 54,848 participants were included in this study. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, logistic regression analysis showed that tooth pain was more often experienced by those who drank less than two cups of water per day (odds ratio [OR]: 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.30) than those who drank five or more cups of water per day. Conclusions: A low daily water intake is associated with tooth pain, a symptom of dental caries. The results of our study suggest that increasing water intake may reduce dental caries. Therefore, adequate water intake may help prevent dental caries.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.372-379
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• 2023

Background: Laundry workers are known to be exposed to organic solvents in various works including dry cleaning. Long-term exposure to organic solvents may cause adverse health effects among laundry workers. Objectives: To investigate the association between exposure to organic solvents and symptom of headache or eyestrain among laundry workers. Methods: The subjects were total 267 laundry workers who participated in the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS). Responses to exposure to 'inhalation of vapor from organic solvent' was categorized into two (non-exposed: rarely or absolutely not exposed during working hours; exposed: ≥1/4 working hours) or three (non-exposed; low exposure: 1/4 of the working hours; high exposure: ≥1/2 working hours) groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between exposure to organic solvents and symptom of headache or eyestrain in the last 12 months among laundry workers. Odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for experience of the symptom of headache or eyestrain with adjustment for age, sex, education, workplace size (by the number of workers), working hours per week, and current working period (year). Results: The proportions of exposure groups, i.e., non-exposed, low exposure, and high exposure, were 80.4%, 11.1%, and 8.5%, respectively. The proportion of those who had symptom of headache or eyestrain in the last 12 months was 18.7%. There was a significant association between exposure to organic solvents and experience of headache or eyestrain (OR=3.2, 95% CI=1.4~7.4). And, the proportion of those who experienced symptom of headache or eyestrain tended to increase significantly as the level of exposure to organic solvents increased (P_trend=0.002). Conclusions: Our results suggest that exposure to organic solvents are associated with symptom of headache or eystrain among laundry workers in Korea. However, further studies with more relevant design is needed to replicate the association.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.16-24
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• 2024

Background: Indoor PM_2.5 concentrations in residential houses can be affected by various factors depending on the season. This is because not only do the climate characteristics depend on the season, but the activity patterns of occupants are also different. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare factors affecting indoor PM_2.5 concentrations in apartments and detached houses in Daegu according to seasonal changes. Methods: This study included 20 households in Daegu, South Korea. The study was conducted during the summer (from July 10 to August 10, 2023) and the autumn (from September 11 to October 9, 2023). A sensor-based instrument for PM_2.5 levels was installed in the living room of each residence, and measurements were taken continuously for 24 hours at intervals of one minute during the measurement period. Based on the air quality monitoring system data in Daegu, outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations were estimated using ordinary kriging (OK) in Python. In addition, the indoor activities of the occupants were investigated using a time-activity pattern diary. The affecting factors of indoor PM_2.5 concentration were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results: Indoor and outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations of the residences during summer were 15.27±11.09 ㎍/m³ and 11.52±7.56 ㎍/m³, respectively. Indoor and outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations during autumn were 13.82±9.61 ㎍/m³ and 9.57±5.50 ㎍/m³, respectively. The PM_2.5 concentrations were higher in summer compared to autumn both indoors and outdoors. The primary factor affecting indoor PM_2.5 concentration in summer was occupant activity. On the other hand, during the autumn season, the primary affecting factor was outdoor PM_2.5 concentration. Conclusions: Indoor PM_2.5 concentration in residential houses is affected by occupant activity such as the inflow of outdoor PM_2.5 concentration, cooking, and cleaning, as found in previous studies. However, it was revealed that there were differences depending on the season.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.221-228
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• 2024

Background: Social interest is increasing due to frequent accidents caused by chemicals in the electronics industry. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to present a management plan by evaluating the exposure characteristics of dichloromethane (DCM), trichloromethane (TCM), and tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH), which are high-risk substances to which people may be exposed in the electronics industry in South Korea. Methods: To investigate the handling companies and status of the hazardous chemicals DCM, TCM, and TMAH, the handling status of the three substances was classified based on electronics industry-related codes from the 2019 Work Environment Survey (Chemical Handling and Manufacturing) data with work environment measurement results for five years. Results: DCM, TCM, and TMAH are commonly used as cleaning agents in the electronics industry. For DCM, it was found that all work environment measurement results from 2018 to 2021 but not 2022 exceeded the exposure standard. Conclusions: Identifying the distribution channels of hazardous chemicals is an intervention point that can reduce exposure to hazardous chemicals. It requires management through tracking systems such as unique verification numbers at the import and manufacturing stages, and proper cultivation of and related support for handling chemicals by business managers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2024

Objectives: The primary aim of this study is to create an Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) guide for high-risk maintenance tasks, specifically one designed for maintenance work (MW) in the electronics industry. Methods: The methodology involved a literature review, field investigations, and discussions. An initial draft of the OSH guide was created and then refined through consultations with experts possessing extensive experience in MW for electronic processes. Results: Specific MW tasks within electronics processing facilities identified as high-risk by the research were selected. A comprehensive OSH guide for these tasks was developed consisting of approximately 11 to 12 components and encompassing about 20-25 pages. Implementing safety and health measures before, during, and after MW is crucial for the protection of maintenance personnel. The guide is enriched with real-case scenarios of industrial accidents and occupational diseases to enhance maintenance workers' comprehension of the OSH principles. For a clearer understanding of and adherence to the safety protocols, the guide incorporates visual aids, including cartoons and photographs. Conclusions: This OSH guide is designed to ensure the protection of workers involved in maintenance activities in the electronics industry. It aligns with global standards set by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and Semiconductor Equipment and Material International (SEMI) to ensure a high level of safety and compliance.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 2024

Objective : This study aimed to determine the impact of an instrumental daily living activity program for adults with developmental disabilities on their daily living activities and quality of life (QOL). Methods : This study used a single-group pre-test-post-test experimental design. Participants comprised 17 adults with developmental disabilities from the Welfare Center for the Disabled. This program consisted of 10 sessions, including pre- and post-assessments, pertaining to training and education on grocery shopping, meal preparation and cleaning, home management, safety, and emergency management. The evaluation tools used in this study were the Quality of Life Questionnaire, Korean version of the Life Space Assessment (K-LSA), and Korean version of the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (K-IADL). Results : There was a statistically significant difference in the QOL and K-IADL scores before and after the instrumental activities of daily living occupational therapy program, and there was no statistically significant difference in the K-LSA scores. Conclusion : This study confirmed that implementing an IADL program for adults with developmental disabilities had a positive impact on performance and QOL. For adults with developmental disabilities to participate in daily life and society, interventions for work participation, including training in activities of daily living, must be expanded.