• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.42
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• pp.107-138
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• 2000

Today, the public assistance program in Korea is provided mainly for the livelihood protection beneficiary in urban area. The fact that the urban community-centered program is also applied to the livelihood protection beneficiary in rural area brings about some problems in fitness and effectiveness of resource distribution. The purpose of my study is to present my opinion that the public assistance program for the rural community should be put in practice after being fully distinguished from the urban program for the effective distribution of limited social welfare resources to insure the minimum standard of living and seek the self-support contribution which is the purpose of the public assistance program. The subject for this study were livelihood protection beneficiaries living in both rural and urban area. And the study was carried out in this parts: first, the way of life in them, second, the contents of 6 main public assistance programs being carried out. Total number of the livelihood protection beneficiaries are 279 case: 143 case from 15 Dong in 5 cities, and 136 case from 15 Myun in 5 counties. And the social worker who are performing the public assistance programare consisted of 50 case: 25 case from 5 Dong in 5 cities, and 25 case from 5 Myun in 5 counties. This research reach the result that the differentiate performance of the public assistance program in rural community would be an effective device for self-support to be freed from the vicious circle of poverty.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.19-33
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• 1993

This result showed that the middle school students' response for the environment condition was highly negative. The major findings of this study are as follows. 1. Students would become to know the environmental pollution through reading of newspapers and TV rather than school education. 2. Students' response for air and water pollution was seriously accepted in city areas than in country areas, and in large cities than in small cities. 3. Students' response for air pollution showed that the quality of air was getting worse and major factor of air pollution was the exhausts of automobiles. 4. It showed that students' concern for water pollution was increased and water pollution was being accelerated by the increase of domestic and industrial sewages, the overuse of the agricultural chemicals, the entrophication and acid rain. 5. Students thought that soil pollution was mainly due to factory sewage, life sewage, heavy metal and agricultural medicines and so on. But now they think it is due to the degenerated and inseparable things such as used vinyle for farm and plastics. 6. Most students thought of the pollution of our country as serious. But they thought it could be removed if we tried to get rid of pollution. 7. Now students' consciousness to protect the nature took an active interest turn and was strong. Putting these various findings together, I suggested that, the efforts to turn students affirmative consciousness for the environment and a powerful plan by the nation to take off pollution should be needed. Also the education to enforce the environment preservation had to be needed.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.65-71
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• 2004

This study analysed data on the weather of Seoul, Gwangju and Mokpo to examine the degree of temperature increase in those Korean cities. 1) When the results of the analysis were compared with those of previously analysed temperature increase in 1990s and 1940s, there was an increase in temperature of $1.7^{\circ}C$ in Seoul, $1.5^{\circ}C$ in Gwangju and $0.7^{\circ}C$ in Mokpo. 2) According to the seasonal analysis, $1.7^{\circ}C$ in Seoul, $1.5^{\circ}C$ in Gwangju and $0.7^{\circ}C$ in Mokpo increased in Spring. On a monthly basis in Spring increase in April was highest($2.3^{\circ}C$ and $1.0^{\circ}C$ in Gwangju and Mokpo, respectively). As for Seoul, $2.4^{\circ}C$ increased in March, highest. In July and August of Summer, no significant change occurred in the three cities, but in Autumn, $1.0^{\circ}C,\;1.5^{\circ}C$, and $0.3^{\circ}C$ in Seoul, Gwangju and Mokpo increased, respectively. In Winter, $2.9^{\circ}C$ in Seoul, $1.9^{\circ}C$ in Gwangju, and $2.3^{\circ}C$ in Mokpo increased, respectively.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.223-228
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• 2005

This study examined and analyzed locational conditions of apartment houses in regional small cities to provide basic materials to set direction and index of view management of apartment house and thus the results of the study are as follows. 1. The number of story of apartment houses 'below five story' was 48% and area of apartment house was 'over 500m$^2$ and below 1000m$^2$' in 31% of the whole regions. 2. As a result of analyzing correlations with changes of floor of apartment house by construction year, apartment houses below 10 story were mainly built between 1991 and 1995 and high-storied apartment houses over 11 story were mainly built since 1995 and apartment houses over 21 story were built since 2000 and these high-storied apartment houses were main cause of hindering view of small cities. Accordingly, establishment of guideline of building high-storied apartment house which can be a primary obstacle of urban view and regulations of height are needed.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.39-51
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• 2012

This study aims at understanding both the mechanism of new town's competitiveness and its normative pursuit. For the purpose the study steps as follows; (1) Defining operationally cities' competitive power by means of analytic interpretation of substantial nature involved in the preceding studies, (2) Finding some lessons for the desirable development suggested from the history of new town construction in England, France and Japan, where the spatial needs for solving urban problems were exploded after the Second World War, (3) Focusing to agendas regarding development, for example, sustainable development, (4) Recognizing differences between competitiveness of cities and that of new towns and finally (5) Building the model of new town competitiveness, which explains what makes the competitiveness and what kind of effort are necessary for acquiring the advantage. As the result of the process this study concludes that the competitiveness is caused by, or composed of 4 factors. They are Self-sufficiency, Identity, Innovativeness and Sustainability. This frame can be named SIIS-model of new town competitiveness. But there should be contingent and elastic approach in adaptation of these factors to a specific new town, considering its own goal, scale and other situation. The model established in this study is expected to be a analytical frame for the follow-up studies on finding problems and seeking directions of new town development in our country.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.239-246
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• 2013

Global restaurant franchises are becoming more and more popular in China, Japan, and South Korea. Understanding target customers' needs for restaurant franchises is considered one of the most important factors for their business success. In this study, four domains-food-related domain (FRD), interior-related domain (IRD), staff-related domain (SRD), and convenience-related domain (CRD)-and 24 elements were classified. A survey with 450 respondents in the three capital cities (Beijing, Tokyo, and Seoul) was then conducted to examine the effect of the factors influencing customer satisfaction. After statistical analysis, thirteen main elements were found as factors influencing customer satisfaction. The analysis result showed that the food-related domain (FRD) was the most important in Beijing. The interior-related domain (IRD) and the convenience-related domain (CRD) were considered the most important in Tokyo and Seoul. Some cultural differences in customer satisfaction were also found. The results provide a guideline for better customer experience management of a restaurant franchise in the three cities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.997-1007
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• 2007

The denim fashion is a style of clothing showing trends towards globalization in that it is most favored and most frequently purchased and worn by youngsters throughout the world. However, it differs from region to region in its shapes, colors, silhouettes and coordination, reflecting a feature of regionalism. Male denim fashion data were collected from large cities of the East and the West for an analysis in terms of design and coordination. It was found that a common point originated from the features of the clothing itself as well as from a common culture shared among those of similar ages while differences came from various factors such as aesthetic sentiments and lifestyle of each ethnic group, willingness to accept the fashion trends, and the ways of expressing oneself by means of clothing and their attitude towards clothing. It was noteworthy that the denim fashion in Europe and America, Beijing and Seoul differed largely owing to their different tastes for expressing themselves. A comparison study of the regional denim styles may lead to a better understanding of a worldwide phenomenon of the common fashion trends and regional differences in aesthetic appeal and the fashion preference.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.237-243
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• 2012

As the competition of city design from various municipals recently, color guidelines are continuously established. But the contents of color guidelines are differing from one municipal to the other, It has doubts on its effectiveness. Thus, the objective of this researchis to investigate municipals' color guidelines in order to apprehend the characteristics and differences among each other. In order to do this, the research will collect color guidelines of 5 different cities and 2 different districts. Then, by organizing tables for different characteristics of contents, the research will attempt to identify the difference between municipals. The conclusion of such research is as follows. First, basic contents of color guidelines are composed with planning, proposing and managing stages. Furthermore its objective, target subject, detailed guidelines and exemplary cases were common. Second, the contents of color guidelines of municipals were vastly differing from each other in respect to the size of the cities or the objectives of its application. Third, color guideline contents of the city of Seoul, Sejong city, and Chung-ra district are composed rather reliably while that of the city of Inchun, and Sung-buk district were lacking considerably in terms of up-to-date survey of environment, color proposal, and managing policy in comparison to other municipals. In conclusion, there is a strong necessity for standardization of establishment or form of the color guidelines. Furthermore, measures for proper adjustment in respect to the size of a municipal or its purpose should be arranged adequately.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.1 s.54
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• pp.47-54
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• 2006

Stages, in the theatrical spaces, were space, which incorporates aspects of cities. Hence, the stages have been constituted to materialize sequence of city, which has exact number, proportion and order of ideal city. In addition, it has accomplished change, which depends on type of performance with the social condition and culture of generation, city has. However, the original form of theatrical space were forgotten on account of the various changes of theatrical form with modem movement since the end of 19th century, and theatrical space, which does not relate with its space of city, was started to constitute. Particularly in contemporary society, the theatre can give vitality to the citizens, and also theatrical architecture as a commercial code has been a general form, though it takes important role, which improves cultural value with technical improvement of cities development of society. Thus, this study analyzed urbanity ,which theatres have incorporated historically, and deduced a correlativity from to be based on constitution of space in visual, perceptual, spatial constitution and functional role. Focused on published SPAC international competition, it was interpreted by contemporary focus, therefore, this experiment suggests constitution of theatrical spaces of information, takes urbanity, through to analyze visual, perceptual, spatial constitution and functional role in context of contemporary city.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.271-287
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• 2017

This study aims to conduct a big data analysis of public library operations and uses of 16 metropolitan local government of Korea by using the Chernoff face method. This study is the first to use the Chernoff face method for big data analysis of library services in library and information research. The association of variables and human facial features was decided by survey. The study reveals that in general the provincial governments in Korea operate more libraries, invest more budgets, allocate more staff and hold more collections than metropolitan cities. This administration resulted in more use of libraries in provincial governments than metropolitan cities.