• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.7-23
• /
• 2010

The aim of this study is to analyze the planar composition of rectangular formation houses in 8 areas, both cities and counties, in the sphere of Andong and to reveal the characteristics of these houses in each region. This study of the rectangular formation of houses and their characteristics will facilitate an understanding of the general trends of housing in Andong cultural area.. In this study, the subject houses are composed of three parts: Bonchae, Anchae, and Sarangchae, and the author classified the planar types of the houses. The differences in the regional planar types were analyzed through visual and statistical methods. The analyzed results reveal the regional characteristics of the rectangular formation houses in terms of their planar aspects in the Andong region. The distribution showed the greatest preference toward one type out of two types of distribution of Bonchae, Anchae, and Sarangchae. The ratio for the higher distribution was approximately 70%, whereas the ratio for the lower distribution was around 20%. For convenience, the type with a higher distribution rate is referred to as the "major type," and the type with a lower distribution rate is termed the "minor type." The complete-type houses (73%) in Bonchae were a major type there, and the symmetric-type houses (73%) in Anchae were the major type in that location. In addition, the corner-type houses (72%) in Sarangchae were the major type. In the regional distribution of major types and minor types in the 8 regional cities and counties, regional differences were noted. The three regional groups can be divided into A, B, and C according to the distribution ratio. Andong, Bonghwa, and Yecheon belong to region A. that shows a variety of distribution types and a dispersive trend. Yeongyang and Yeongdeok belong to region C that shows a simplified trend.Yeongju and Cheongsong belong to region B.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.9 no.10
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2018

In this thesis, the traffic signal system is generally applied to the intersection of urban side streets, where blind spots and cramped areas are high risk of accidents, contributing to the prevention of accidents and smooth traffic communication. Therefore, the purpose of the system is to prevent accidents and facilitate traffic communication by providing a light traffic signal at street intersections in busy cities. Also, this study is a universal application of traffic angle to vehicles without the need for a separate terminal installation, and the provision of traffic signals in cities In addition, it is thought that the narrow loss of life on the road can serve as a catalyst to help optimize its function as a signal system that can minimize damage.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.115-129
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identify injury characteristics happened in the college dental laboratory technique classes and to provide the empirical accident findings for safety education development for the college dental technology classes. The research data were collected from a self-administered survey distributed to the conveniently selected college students. The study participants were 476 freshmen, sophomore and junior students whose major was the dental laboratory technology of the 4 colleges in 2 metropolitan cities and 2 medium-size cities. All collected survey responses were encoded and analyzed in SPSS 12.0. The findings were as follows. The accidents happened to the college students during the dental laboratory technology classes: 1. The accident rate was the highest in the sophomore and the freshmen, junior in order. 2. The body parts frequently injured were hands, face, eyes, arms, and legs in order. 3. The frequent injury types were cut, burnt, stuck, wound, and suffocated in order. 4. The treatment methods for their accidents were the simple first-aids, no treatment, and the emergency room visits in order. 5. The laboratory training conditions inducing the accidents were significantly frequent under wire-related, and wax-related, iron-related, alcohol-related jobs in order, but not frequent in investing material-related, porcelain-related, resin-related, and agar-related jobs. Polishing was the most accident-prone job explaining 63% of the laboratory accidents and then, model producing, wax patterning, casting, burning, and investing jobs in order. In summary, the college dental laboratory accidents had the certain patterns by the training level and by the material or machine involved in each class. Thus, the planned and organized safety education programs should be produced and investigated for college students before their major laboratory classes.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.445-457
• /
• 2013

This paper aims to investigate changes in the characteristics of urban spatial structure in Korea by regional groups and city size between 2000 and 2010. The characteristics of urban spatial structure is analyzed by Clark's population gradient curve in this paper. Therefore key parameters in population gradient function, such as population density gradients and population density in CBD represent the characteristics of urban spatial structure. The result shows that most of cities in Korea have experienced suburbanization rather than concentration, but small-size cities have experienced concentration during the period.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.181-190
• /
• 2016

Regional air quality regulation is a system that allows the Minister of Environment to designate the local area as air quality control region where the concentrations of air pollutants are exceeding the environmental standards, and the local governments that administrate the regulated area have to develop and practise a plan for reducing the air pollutants. From the data observed yearly by the monitoring stations in 8 provincial cities with more than 0.5 million people was judged the compliance with air quality standards in each municipality for the period of 2003 to 2013. As the result of investigation on air pollutants concentrations of each city, it was found that there was no station that exceeds the ambient air quality standards of CO, $SO_2$ and 24-hour $NO_2$. But all municipalities exceeded the standards of 8-hour $O_3$, annual and 24-hour $PM_{10}$, and therefore 8 municipalities can be designated to be under the local air regulation. For the annual $NO_2$ were the monitoring sites necessary requirements for designation of the air quality regulation region in Cheongju, Cheonan, Daejeon and Gwangju area. Incase of 1-hour $O_3$, some of stations in Pohang, Cheongju, Cheonan and Changwon area were over the designation standards for the air quality control region.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.121-133
• /
• 1998

We analyzed volume changes in the computerized tomography(CT) and the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) utilizations. These two volumes are comparative because CT has been covered by the Medical Insurance from the beginning of 1996, however, MRI has not been covered up to now. We investigated 80 hospitals which afforded a facility of CT by the end of 1994. For the comparison of CT utilization, we selected two periods. The first period was from January to June of 1995, in which CT had not been covered by the Medical Insurance and the second period was from January to June of 1966, in which CT had been covered. The information we obtained were characteristics of hospitals, patients numbers per month, monthly uses of CT and MRI, and payments of CT claims, etc. After the Medical Insurance coverage, the number of CT uses per 1,000 patients were increased from January to March, however, was decreased from April to June in 1996 compared to the same periods of 1995. the number of CT uses in clinics were large than those in tertiary hospitals. The number of CT uses in small cities were larger than those in big cities. On the other hand, the number of MRI uses per 1,000 patients did not changed from January to May and was increased from June in 1996 compared to the same periods of 1995. These results showed the substitutional relationship of CT and MRI uses. After the insurance coverage for CT, the utilization of CT was increased because patients payed less than before. However, insurers restricted the payments to the CT claims. This impact might explain the substitutional relationship between CT and MRI.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.457-465
• /
• 2011

This research, which was started with a need for constant monitoring to find out urban societies and spacial effects by urban railway after the opening, was intended to empirically explore urban and social changes by the opening of Daejeon City metro line 1st which would greatly affect the spacial structure of the city. For this goal, we expected the effect of urban subway on the city with academic consideration and precedent study. Monitoring results of the subway station areas of Daejeon City metro line 1st showed the opening of urban railway had an influence on the flow of urban plan and urban space structure through population, land use, total-developing areas, and land price change. In other words, as urban railway opens the number of population and population activities centered on the subway station areas, and these movements led to the expansion of the commercial areas. Finally, they caused the average land prices to rise. Likewise, urban monitering is significantly useful comprehending the generally time-periodic changes of cities and even conceiving the present cities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.382-393
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the usability of parents of developmental rehabilitation services for disabled children. To that end, 120 disabled children and 120 parents were surveyed in 17 cities, including nine cities in Gangwon Province, welfare centers and private institutions in the military. Data analysis used SPSS Statistics 18 and the main findings are as follows. First, there was a significant difference in the type of supply and demand in the general characteristics of parents using the developmental rehabilitation service. Second, the service use characteristics of the developmental rehabilitation service showed a statistically significant difference in the service satisfaction of the private care institution, and third, the process and effect of the service provision of the developmental rehabilitation service were shown to be significant in the service satisfaction level. Fourth, the effect of choice on service satisfaction was significantly shown in the accessibility of developmental rehabilitation services. The significance of the research results is to confirm that the service provision and access to the services of developmental rehabilitation services increases the satisfaction level of disabled children's parents. Accordingly, the discussion and implications for improving the satisfaction level of the use of parents using the developmental rehabilitation service were presented.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.431-439
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the apartment investment performance including the risk and to verify the presence or absence of regional characteristics. This study made an analysis on the apartment investment performance by dividing it into long and short-term basis. Data collection period is 10 years from 2002 to 2012 and target area includes Gangnam and Gangbuk (southern and northern area of Seoul) and 6 metropolitan cities. For evaluating the investment performance, this study used the earning rate of 5 year 1st class national housing bond as the risk-free rate of return and 1~2 year interest rate of fixed deposit for calculating lease profit. The results of study are as follows, Treynor's Index was used in long investment performance evaluation because of regional characters non-existing in Seoul and Incheon whereas Jensen's Index was used in evaluating because of regional characters existing in 5 metropolitan cities. And Jensen's Index was used in short-term evaluation of all districts as existing regional characters in all districts. Short-term performance considering regional characteristics yielded different results of simple evaluation. Therefore, in case of simple rate of return to evaluate the performance, the recognition of that can be distorted.

• Architectural research
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.91-98
• /
• 2019

In modern times, numerous cities are competing to create the unique skyline adjacent to the water. Tall buildings located across the river have a great contribution to the skyline of a riverfront city and can be a precious asset for the city. Moreover, in several cities, tall buildings and their impact on the urban skyline are a matter that should be considered and regulated in urban design. Therefore, as a prominent element in a larger visual setting of the city, tall buildings should improve the visual quality of the skyline rather than diminish that quality. This research attempts to provide an objective method to analyze the visual quality of the skyline made by a group of tall buildings through their feature of heights and spatial arrangement from riverfront views. The analysis is determined by the design variables of building heights variation, heights transition, density, and spacing of a group of tall buildings. A comparative case study of tall buildings in Yeouido and Lujiazui was conducted to prove the effectiveness of the analysis. The proposed method can be used in a simple way in the quantitative approach to quantify the visual quality of the skyline. In conclusion, Yeuido's skyline is not quite interesting from the riverfront view in terms of height variation and continuity of the skyline view because they are dispersed. Conversely, Lujiazui's skyline from the riverfront vantage points has a good quality in all aspects of the feature of height and spatial arrangements of tall buildings cluster. These factors can be used for the urban designer on how proposed tall buildings within the cluster should appropriately respond to adding image on the skyline.