• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2005

A multi-purpose polariscope is developed by applying an electro-mechanical control system to a diffused transmission-type circular polariscope. A conventional polariscope is only good for manual control of optical elements. The new polariscope system is devised to be controlled through two stepping motors and two magnetic clutches. The developed system has both functions of a conventional linear- and circular-polariscope. The new polariscope can be used not only for the point-wise measurement using Tardy compensation technique but also for the full-field fringe analysis using conventional and/or phase measuring techniques, if applicable.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2004

This paper describes the construction of a circular polariscope. Generally, a circular polariscope contains four optical elements and a light source. The first element following the light source is called the linear polarizer. It converts the ordinary light into plane-polarized light. The second element is a quarter wave plate which converts the plane-polarized light into circularly polarized light. Following the quarter wave plate, a specimen made of transparent photoelastic material is located in a loading device. The second quarter wave plate is set and the last element is the analyzer. These polarizing elements, two quarter wave plates and two linear polarizing filters, were purchased from the USA. Frames and other structures for holding polarizing filters were machined and assembled to be rotated. Light box, which includes four incandescent lamps and two sodium-vapor lamps, was made. In order to proof the function of the newly built polariscope, Tardy compensation test was applied to a rectangular shaped specimen made of poly-carbonate material (PSM 1). The error of the fringe constant, which was measured by the newly built polariscope, was within 4.4 percent compared to the standard value of this material. It is possible to make a good quality of polariscope if accurate polarizing filters will be used.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.437-441
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• 2001

This paper describes the construction of a circular polariscope. Generally, a circular polariscope contains four optical elements and a light source. The first element following the light source is called the polarizer. It converts the ordinary light into plane-polarized light. The second element is a quarter wave plate which converts the plane-polarized light into circularly polarized light. Following the quarter wave plate, a specimen made of transparent photoelastic material is located in a loading device. The second quarter wave plate is set and the last element is the analyzer. These polarizing elements, two quarter wave plates and two polarizing filters, were purchased from the USA. Frames and other structures for holding polarizing filters were machined and assembled to be rotated. Light box, which include four incandescent lamps and two sodium-vapor lamps, was made. In order to proof the function of the newly built polariscope, Tardy compensation test was applied to a rectangular shaped specimen made of poly-carbonate material (PSM1). The error of the fringe constant, which was measured by the newly built polariscope, was within 4.4 percent compared to the standard value of this material. It is possible to make a good quality of polariscope if accurate polarizing filters will be used.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2002

A new polariscope system involving two rotating optical elements and a digital camera for whole field fringe analysis allows automated data to be acquired quickly and efficiently. The developed phase measuring technique that uses eight images through a circular polariscope is presented for the digital measurement of isochromatics and isoclinics, respectively, from photoelastic fringes in a circular disk under diametric compression. Isochromatics can directly be obtained using wrapped isoclinic phases calculated by the arc tangent operator which is the four-quadrant operator from -$\pi$ to $\pi$. It is not required to unwrap isoclinic phases for the calculations of isochromatics. Unwrapped isoclinics are directly determined from isochromatic parameters. Distributions of digitally determined isoclinics are in close agreement to manual measurements. The errors which would appear in unwrapping process of isoclinics can be avoided in the determination of isochromatics.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.2313-2318
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• 2000

The method of photoelasticity allows one to obtain principal stress differences and principal stress directions in a photoelastic model. In the classical approach, the photoelastic parameters are measured manually point by point. This is time consuming and requires skill in the identification and measurement of photoelastic data. Fringe phase shifting method has been recently developed and widely used to measure and analyze fringe data in photo-mechanics. This paper presents the test results of photoelastic fringe phase shifting method for the stress analysis of a curved beam plate. The technique used here requires four phase stepped photoelastic images obtained from a circular polariscope by rotating the analyzer at 0˚, 45˚, 90˚ and 135˚. Experimental results are compared with those of ANSYS and calculated by the simple beam theory. Good agreement among the results can be observed.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.49-50
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• 2006

Photoelasticity is widely and conveniently used methods for whole field stress analysis. In this paper, 8-step photoelastic phase shifting method was performed by using a multi-purpose polariscope to measure the fringe orders along a specified line on the specimen containing a square hole. The material of the specimen is made of Polycarbonate. The measurement results by 8-step phase shifting method were compared with the those calculated by ABAQUS.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2001

렌즈에 가한 응력을 측정하기 위한 편광기는 1/4 파장판-편광판으로 구성하였고, 각 단계별 광파의 $E_1$, $E_2$의 성분을 분석하였다. 주 응력차 ${\sigma}_1-{\sigma}_2$는 무늬 차수(N)가 시료 각 점에서 분석되고, 시료의 광축은 주 응력 방향과 일치하는 것으로부터 2 차원 모델을 결정할 수 있다. 광파에 작용하는 복굴절성과 위상지연은 주 응력차 (${\sigma}_1-{\sigma}_2$)에 비례하고, 최종 광파의 세기는 $sin^2({\Delta}/2)$에 비례하고, ${\Delta}/2=n^{\pi}$ (n=0, 1, 2, ...)일 때 소멸 무늬인 흡광이 일어난다. 실험적 결과로는 렌즈의 외부 응력의 크기에 따라 흡광 band가 이동한다.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2000

광탄성법은 투명한 물체에 힘을 가하면 복굴절 현상이 나타나며, 편광기에 의해 등색 및 등경프린지가 나타난다. 등색프린지를 이용하여 주응력차이 또는 평면상 전단응력을 계산할 수 있으며, 등경프린지에 의해 주응력 방향을 결정할 수 있다. 재래식 광탄성법에서는 특정한 위치에서 프린지를 개별적으로 측정해야 되는 불편한 점이 있어, 디지털 영상처리에 의해 광탄성 프린지로부터 전체적인 응력장을 해석할 수 있도록 프린지이동에 의한 위상이동법이 개발되었다. 프린지 위상이동법은 원형편광기에서 검광자를 $0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ 및 $135^{\circ}$회전시켜 프린지가 이동된 4개의 영상을 얻고, 이들로부터 위상차이로 나타나는 프린지분포를 측정한다. 본 연구에서는 프린지 위상이동법에 관한 광학적인 이론을 이용하여 압축하중을 받는 원형디스크의 프린지분포를 위상이동법으로 측정한 후 이론 값과 비교하였다. 또한, 인장하중을 받는 에지균열판의 응력분포 해석에 프린지 위상이동법을 적용하였다. 실험결과, 프린지 위상이동법으로 측정한 결과는 유한요소 해석 결과와 잘 일치하였다. 광탄성에서 위상이동법은 등경선과 평행하거나 직교하는 선상에서 응력 분포를 용이하게 측정할 수 있으나, 일반적인 프린지 해석시 프린지 위상이동법을 적용하면 오차가 포함될 수 있다.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.53-66
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• 1971

The effect of reinforced circular hole in a flat plate under general biaxial loading conditions is considered. The reinforcement is achieved by attaching a circular ring of uniform rectangular cross section along the boundary of the hole. This investigation includes a theoretical solution and an experimental conformation. In the theoretical analysis, Gurney's method is used to obtain a solution for the stress distribution and the solution is expressed in a general form, so that it can be applicable to the case of general biaxial loading and general values of Poisson's ratios. In the experimental work a systematic series of photoelastic models, as shown in Fig.5 and Table 1, were analyzed on polariscope. The experimental results were in good agreement with the theoretical ones, as shown in Fig.8 and 9. The conclusions derived are as follows: 1) The theoretical results, given in Eq. $(1){\sim}(5)$, are sufficient in accuracy for the engineering design purpose. 2) The stress concentration factor decreases as the ratio n increases, but not significant beyond n=3. 3) The stress concentration factor increase as the ratio m increases, but not significant below m=0.7.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 TV 유리패널의 등색프린지 분포를 광탄성 4단계 위상이동법에 의하여 측정한 실험결과를 제시하였다. 재래식 광탄성법에서는 등색 프린지 차수를 각각의 점에 대해서 수작업으로 측정한다. 4단계 위상이동법을 이용하기 위하여, 원형편광기 요소들은 등색프린지분포가 측정되는 지점 혹은 선상을 따라 등경각 방향에 일치시켜야 한다. 4단계 위상이동법은 원형편광기의 검광판을 $0^{\circ},\;45^{\circ},\;90^{\circ}$ 및 $135^{\circ}$ 회전시켜 얻은 4개의 영상을 이용한다. 4단계 위상이동법을 적용하기 위해서는 등경각이 측정하고자 하는 지점이나 선상에 일치하도록 편광기 요소를 정렬시켜야 한다. 4단계 위상이동법으로부터 얻은 실험결과는 세나르몽보간법에 의해 측정한 값과 비교한 결과 서로 잘 일치하였다. 또한, TV 유리패널의 열처리 전 후에 등색프린지 분포를 비교하였다. 측정 결과, TV 유리패널의 열처리 전 후의 등색프린지 차수는 약 2배정도 차이가 나타났다.