• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.215-222
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral health behaviors and periodontal diseases in adult obese people. Using the original data of the second phase of the 6th National Health and Nutrition Survey, the final 4381 adults were extracted. We analyzed frequency and technical statistics and chi - square test and multiple logistic regression analysis using SPSS statistical program to confirm the association between body mass index, number of brushing, drinking, smoking and oral health status and behavior. As a result, the prevalence of periodontal disease decreased as the number of toothbrushing increased, and the prevalence of periodontal disease increased as the body mass index increased. Through this study, obesity, a global health issue, should be more concerned with oral care and develop oral health management programs.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.448-460
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate risk factors for senile dementia as well as care givers' stresses and thier needs for nursing care. It was done using a retrospective survey. A convenience sample or In senile dementia patients and l20 nor-mal elders in a rural area was used. The tools used in the study were the MMSE-K(Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea) for dementia screening test and a questionaire developed by the research team. Data were collected through home visits by Com-munity Health Practitioners. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, T-test, and Chi-square test. The findings are as follows : 1. There were significant differences in age, marital status, and religions between the two groups. 2. There was a significant difference in smoling behavior between the two groups. 3. There was a significant difference in past his-tory of cancer between groups. 4. There was a significant difference in past and present elderftmily relationship between the two groups. 5. There were significant differences in intellectual activities, assuming major role in family and seeking other's help in daily life troubles between the two groups. 6. There were significant differences in stress factors such as child problem, family conflict, health problem and illegal behavior between the two groups. 7. The major problems out by families in caring for dementia patient were catastrophic reactions, dirtiness, mood change, devouring and tremor. The most serious problems faced by families was dirtiness. with catastrophic reactions, sleep distrubance, changeableness, and a suspcio-usness following. The care givers expressed chronic fatigue, anxiety, tension, depression, disorder in daily life, shamefulness, blame from neighbours and guiltiness. 8. There is need for geriatric hospitals, nursing homes, burden sharing, and counselling or education for family care givers. A replicate study in the urban area is recommended to validate the findings of this study. To explore the impact of stress in life and ‘han’ on senile dementia, a qualitative study is recommended.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.529-544
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• 1994

For most parents their child's illness and hospitalization is strssful. Internal stress and over anxiousness leads to uncertainty. Parents have a variety of ways of coping when faced with such stress factors, especialy when the child has cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between uncertainty in illness and mastery and coping styles in parents of pediatric cancer patients, and further to identify differences between three groups of subjects. A cross-sectional descriptive correlational design was used in this study to investigate the relationship among the three groups. The sample was composed of 59 parents of children with cancer in pediatric wards in three hospitals in Seoul : 21 in Group 4 with a child newly diagnosed with cancer : 25 in Group B, with a child under treatment and rehospitalized with a relapse : and 13 in Group C, with a child with a terminal cancer, A formalized questionnaire which included demegrapic information and consisted of 75 items was used in this study ; The Parent Perception of Uncertainty Scale(PPUS) adapted form Mishel’s Uncertainty in Illness Scale, Pearlin & Schooler's Mastery Scale(MS) and Folkman & Lazarus’s Ways of Coping Checklist(WCC) were used to measure the variables : uncertainty in illness, mastery, and coping styles. A pretest was conducted on the questionnaire items for reliability. The results gathered were analyzed using SPSS /PC/sup +/. Data analysis included descriptive correltional statistics such as ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, amd chi square test. The conclusions of this analysis are summarized as follows : 1. A higher level of uncertainty was seen among parents of children with terminal cancer. 2. The first hypothesis that uncertainty in illness would differ among the three groups was supported(F=4.182, P=.020). The second and third hypotheses that mastery and coping styles would differ among the three groups were not supported. There was a correlation between uncertainty, mastery, and coping styles which was positive, also there was a positive correlation between mastery and coping style(r=.3744, P<.001) but a negative correlation between uncertainty md mastery(r=-.4749, P<.01). From the above results, it can be concluded that prediciting and controlling uncertainty in illness by considering coping styles and mastery are necessary for improved, efficient nursing interventions.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.357-371
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of health education based on the health belief model (HBM) to the prevention of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in middle school students. Methods: A pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group was designed for the purpose of this study. A total of 212 students (134 in the experimental group and 78 in the control group) of two middle schools in Seoul were enrolled for the study. Health education of two 45-minutes sessions over two weeks were provided. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, t-test, ANCOVA and repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test, using the SPSS version 21.0. Results: There were significant differences between experimental group and control group with reference to perceived susceptibility (F=7.862, p=.006), perceived severity (F=8.291, p=.004), perceived benefits (F=20.311, p<.001), and perceived barriers (F=5.628, p=.019) after health education were provided. We also observed sustained health education effects of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers in the experimental group for up to 4 weeks after health education were provided. Conclusion: The health education to prevent NIHL based on the HBM improved the health beliefs of the middle school students. Health education on the HBM for the prevention of NIHL should be provided at the level of middle school.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.239-246
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of denture care skills education program on denture self-care, denture satisfaction and subjective oral status among the elderly. Methods: The research design for this study was a non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design. Total 61 elderly who visited a seniors center, Seoul, Korea, participated in this study. Participants were 31 elderly for the experimental group and 30 elderly for the control group. The experimental group received a lesson in denture care skills education program which was developed by the researchers. Using a structural questionnaire, the elderly's perception about denture self-care, denture satisfaction and subjective oral status were measured before and after the intervention. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, chi-square test, and ANCOVA test were performed using SPSS WIN 21.0. Results: The experimental group showed significantly higher scores in denture satisfaction(p<.001), QOL of oral health(<.001), concern for oral health(p=.005), subjective oral health status(p<.001), bad breath(p=.010), oral dryness(p<.001) and number of denture clearing(p<.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that the denture care skills education program for elderly at a senior center was effective. Further work is required to develop more effective denture care skills education programs and an oral health promotion program to improve the health status of the elderly.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.1 s.65
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• pp.130-137
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• 2006

Objectives : SDQ is the measure for diagnosis of the Sasang constitutions. It evaluates external shape, mentality and symptoms of Sasangin. We analysed the items related with external shape to identify the feature of Sasangin's face. Methods : We analysed the data collected by multi-center researchers in 2004. We used Chi-square test to define the relationship between the item and Sasang constitutions. Results : There were 15 items significantly related with each corresponding constitution(p<0.05). 2 items were defined as Taeyangin's, 4 items were defined as Soyangin's. 5 items were defined as Taeumin's and 4 items were defined as Soeumin's. Conclusions : The items were partially contribute to diagnosis of Sasang constitutions. For more accurate diagnosis, there is the need to accumulate corroborative evidence about Sasangin's actual external shape.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a 4-week aromatherapy on pain and inflammation in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: A quasi-experimental study using a nonequivalent control group, pretest-posttest non-synchronized design was used. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, independent samples t-test, and Fisher's exact test were used. Results: After a 4-week aromatherapy, tender joint count (M=5.67 to 4.17), swollen joint count (M=4.13 to 2.54), and patient's assessment of pain (M=43.33 to 31.08) decreased significantly for the aromatherapy participants compared to the control group. But there was no significant difference between the groups in erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Conclusion: These findings suggest that aromatherapy could decrease joint pain, tenderness, and swelling in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but some modifications in aromatherapy intervention and research method will be required to examine the effects of aromatherapy on inflammatory level in this population.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.330-341
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• 2015

Objectives: Emergency medical personnel (EMPs) are pre-hospital emergency responders who are at risk of exposure to infections and may also serve as a source for the transmission of infections. However, few studies of infection control have specifically addressed EMPs in the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea). The goal of this study was to assess the current status of infection prevention and control programs (IPCPs) for EMPs in Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to quantitatively assess the resources and activities of IPCPs. A total of 907 EMPs in five metropolitan cities completed a structured questionnaire from September 2014 to January 2015. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multi-response analysis, and the chi-square test. Results: The mean age of the participants was $34.8{\pm}15.1years$. IPCPs were found to have weaknesses with regard to the following resources: the assignment of infection control personnel (ICP) (79.5%), hand hygiene resources such as waterless antiseptics (79.3%), the use of paper towels (38.9%), personal protective equipment such as face shields (46.9%), and safety containers for sharps and a separated space for the disposal of infectious waste (10.1%). Likewise, the following activities were found to be inadequately incorporated into the workflow of EMPs: education about infection control (77.5%), post-exposure management (35.9%), and the decontamination of items and spaces after use (88.4%). ICP were found to have a significant effect on the resources and activities of IPCPs (p<0.001). The resources and activities of IPCPs were found to be significantly different among the five cities (p<0.001). Conclusions: IPCPs for EMPs showed some limitations in their resources and activities. IPCPs should be actively supported, and specific IPCP activities for EMPs should be developed.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.291-304
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• 2000

Being a mother is motherhood which means maternal role attainment and has to meet maternal identity and role confidence of caring infant. This study was designed to examine maternal identity as a motherhood and role confidence in the immediate postpartum period, and then explain the correlations of them. Data were collected for 2 months by questionnaires from 64 mothers in the hospital. The scales were to measure motherhood questionnaire which consisted of 11 items and role confidence questionnaire which consisted of 13 items. The analysis of data was done with SPSSWIN program for descriptive statistics and t-test, chi-square, ANOVA, Multiple Regression Analysis. The results were as follows: 1. Mean score of maternal identity of primipara was 55.41 and multipara was 53.81. In this outcome primipara's score was higher than multipara's. 2. Mean score of role confidence of primipara was 44.0 and multipara was 46.81. Multipara's score was higher than primipara's. 3. Correlation between maternal identity and role confidence was r=0.29(P=0.03). This was a interesting result. Because many studies reported that primipara had a lower score of maternal identity and role confidence than multipara's. But this study showed that primipara's score of maternal identity was higher than multipara's. So nurse has to support primipara's identity as a mother, taking advantage of nursing intervention from prenatal to postnatal periods. Also nurse has to offer many opportunities to experience premiparas and multiparas how to care their infants.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6331-6334
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• 2015

Background: The main purpose of this study was to survey the education and training of certified gynecologic oncologists and fellows in Thailand. A secondary objective was to study the problems in fellowship training regarding palliative care for gynecologic cancer patients. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted by sending a questionnaire regarding palliative care education to all certified gynecologic oncologists and gynecologic oncology fellows in Thailand. The contents of the survey included fellowship training experience, caring for the dying, patient preparation, attitudes and respondent characteristics. Statistics were analyzed by percentage, mean and standard deviation and chi-square. Results: One hundred seventy completed questionnaires were returned; the response rate was 66%. Most certified gynecologic oncologists and fellows in gynecologic oncology have a positive attitude towards palliative care education, and agree that "psychological distress can result in severe physical suffering". It was found that the curriculum of gynecologic oncology fellowship training equally emphasizes three aspects, namely managing post-operative complications, managing a patient at the end of life and managing a patient with gynecologic oncology. As for experiential training during the fellowship of gynecologic oncology, education regarding breaking bad news, discussion about goals of care and procedures for symptoms control were mostly on-the-job training without explicit teaching. In addition, only 42.9 % of respondents were explicitly taught the coping skill for managing their own stress when caring for palliative patients during fellowship training. Most of respondents rated their clinical competency for palliative care in the "moderately well prepared" level, and the lowest score of the competency was the issue of spiritual care. Conclusions: Almost all certified gynecologic oncologists and fellows in gynecologic oncology have a positive attitude towards learning and teaching in palliative care. In this study, some issues were identified for improving palliative care education such as proper training under the supervision of a mentor, teaching how to deal with work stress, competency in spiritual care and attitudes on responsibility for bereavement care.