• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.649-658
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between incisor root resolution and sex, age, extraction, the magnitude and direction of tooth movement. The sample consisted of 189 randomly selected orthodontic patients, receiving standard edgewise orthodontic treatment in three private orthodontic onces at San Francisco. Pre-treatment and post-treatment periapicals and cephalometric radiographs were digitized. Measurements and superimpositions were made utilizing a computerized cephalometric analysis program. The variables were statistically analyzed. The results were as follows: 1. Mean apical root resorption values were $0.77{\pm}2.08mm$ for upper right central incisor, $0.88{\pm}2.11mm$ for upper left central incisor, $-0.05{\pm}2.09mm$ for lower right central incisor and $0.11{\pm}1.85mm$ for lower left central incisor. Apical root resorption of upper incisor was greater than lowers. 2. No correlation was found between sex and apical root resorption. 3. Apical root resorptions in adolescents were smaller than those in adults. 4. Apical root resorption was not affected by extraction. 5. Apical root resorption values of upper incisor were correlated to the horizontal and vertical movement of apex; Apical root resorption values of lower incisor were correlated to the vertical movement of apex.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.396-410
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• 1996

This study was carried out to evaluate the distribution and the degree of the asymmetry existed in normal persons and asymmetric patients, and to investigate the changes of asymmetric patients after orthognathic surgery. The analysis was performed with the posteroanterior cephalometric radiography of 60 normal persons and 31 facial asymmetric patients. The results were as follows : 1. The degree of normal asymmetry existed in normal persons was not significant except MF and Me measurements. 2. The degree of normal asymmetry according to sex difference was not significant except cranial base area. 3. When normal persons were compared to asymmetric patients, there were more measurements which presented significant asymmetry on mandible than on maxilla. 4. When postoperative state was compared to preoperative state, the degree of asymmetry were usually decreased except AGO and GA measurements, especially the Cd, MF, Me, and Cd-Me measurements decreased significantly. 5. When postoperative state was compared to normal persons, 4 measurements of mandible approached significantly the measurements of normal persons.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2001

The purpose of this study cephalometrically evaluated changes in the posterior airway space for patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) before and after surgical advancement of the maxilla and mandible. The change in calculated airway resistance was correlated with the respiratory disturbance index(RDI). Twenty cephalometric radiographs were traced before and after surgery to determine the posterior airway area and calculate resistance. Polysomnograms of each patient were obtained before and after surgery. All patients had a decrease in calculated airflow resistance in the airway. The mean amount of resistance was 865.15 before surgery, decreasing to 192.65 after surgery (p<0.01). Eighty-five percent of the patients experienced improvement in their RDI. Reduction in the RDI appears to be due to an increase in the posterior airway space and decrease in flow resistance.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.217-231
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• 1984

Many investigators have studied the growth changes of craniofacial complex to obtain important informations and standard values with which attempts at prediction of growth and treatment results have been under exploration. The author analyzed 360 cephalometric roentgenograms of 40 boys and 50 girls taken from the ages of 6 to 9 to assess the growth changes of craniofacial complex and to establish Korean norms by Ricketts' analysis method. 17 Landmarks, 10 planes and 8 angles were plotted and measured by linearly and angularly. The results were as follows: 1. The author made the tables of means, standard deviations from the measured values. 2. The item which showed significant difference between males and females in longitudinal study was facial axis length. 3. Items which show significant changes during 3 years were cranial base length, facial axis length, lower incisor to APO, Upper molar to PTV in males, and cranial base length, facial axis length, upper molar to PTV in females. 4. The correlations between cranial base length and facial axis length to body height and weight were higher in males than in females throughout the items.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.95-108
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• 1989

This study intended to calculate the cephalometric norms of Korean adult and to compare those with norms of the North American Caucasian by Moyers. Cephalometric headplates of 41 males and 31 females ranged in age from eighteen to twenty-six with normal occlusion and pleasing face were employed for this investigation. The tracings of the standard lateral cephalograms were analyzed by Moyers' method. As a result of this study, the following conclusion can be made. 1. Norms of Korean adult male and female were calculated. 2. There was no significant sexual difference in the basic craniofacial morphology. 3. The size of craniofacial skeleton was larger in male than in female. 4. The Korean male showed lower value of mandibular plane angle to craial base than that of the Caucasian male. 5. There was no significant difference in the anterior total facial height, however, in the posterior facial height the Korean male was larger than the Caucasian male, which manifested that the Korean male held more square-shaped profile. 6. The anteroposterior length of anterior and posterior cranial base, maxillary and mandibular skeletal and dentoalveolar effective length of the Korean male were shorter than those of the Caucasian male, and this suggested that the craniofacial profile depth of the Korean male was shorter than that of the Caucasian male.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.543-564
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• 1993

A cephalometric study was undertaken to reveal significant differences of craniofacial morphology of operated congenital cleft lip and palate subjects and control subjects. The material for this study consisted of 73 subjects with operated congenital cleft lip and palate subjects(53 males, 20 females) and 110 control subjects (7 males, 34 females) ranging from 3 to 14 years old. Each group was divided into four age groups (3-5, 6-8, 9-11, 12-14 year) and analyzed by Cohen's method and Burstone's method. The following conclusions were obtained ; 1. In Wit's appraisal, there was no difference the cleft lip and palate subjects and the control subjects. 2. In the cleft lip and palate subjects, they had smaller and more retrusive maxilla than the control subjects in both sexes. 3. In the cleft lip and palate subjects, they had more retrusive mandible than the control subjects in both sexes. 4. In the cleft lip and palate subjects, they had more concave profile than the control subjects.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the patient- and treatment-related etiologic factors of external root resorption. Materials and Methods : This study consisted of 163 patients who had completed orthodontic treatments and taken the pre- and post-treatment panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs. The length of tooth was measured from the tooth apex to the incisal edge or cusp tip on the panoramic radiograph. Overbite and overjet were measured from the pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs. The root resorption of each tooth and the factors of malocclusion were analyzed with an analysis of variance. A paired t test was performed to compare the mean amount of root resorption between male and female, between extraction and non-extraction cases, and between surgery and non-surgery groups. Correlation coefficients were measured to assess the relationship between the amount of root resorption and the age in which the orthodontic treatment started, the degree of changes in overbite and overjet, and the duration of treatment. Results : Maxillary central incisor was the most resorbed tooth, followed by the maxillary lateral incisor, the mandibular central incisor, and the mandibular lateral incisor. The history of tooth extraction was significantly associated with the root resorption. The duration of orthodontic treatment was positively correlated with the amount of root resorption. Conclusion : These findings show that orthodontic treatment should be carefully performed in patients who need the treatment for a long period and with a pre-treatment extraction of teeth.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 1996

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(UPPP) is an operation that is frequently performed for the patient of obstructive sleep apnea(OSA). A major problem has been to select those patients who will have a good response to UPPP. We compared preoperative and postoperative polysomnography(PSG) in 20 patients to evaluate the success rate of the operation. Each subject underwent a cephalometric roentgenogram, and fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy with Mueller maneuver was applied in roentgenogram and fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy with Mueller maneuver was applied in preop evaluation of patients with OSA. No PSG parameter could accurately predict the changes in sleep after UPPP. There were no significant differences between the responders and the nonresponders concerning the cephalometric analysis, the type of obstruction by Mueller maneuver, and body mass index(BMI). The conclusions of this study are thus that UPPP is an effective treatment for the OSAS with a high success rate, but that there is no single useful parameter predicting the success of the operation.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.322-332
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• 2015

A 12-year-old girl was referred to our clinic for evaluation of an unaesthetic dental appearance. All permanent teeth were erupted, while the deciduous maxillary right canine was retained. Cone-beam computed tomography revealed a complete transposition of the maxillary left canine and first premolar involving both the crowns and the roots. Initial cephalometric analysis showed a skeletal Class III pattern, with a slight maxillary retrusion and a compensated proclination of the upper incisors. The patient's teeth were considered to be in the correct position; therefore, we decided to attempt treatment by correcting the transposition and using only orthodontic compensation of the skeletal Class III malocclusion. After 25 months of active orthodontic treatment, the patient had a Class I molar and canine relationship on both sides, with ideal overbite and overjet values. Her profile was improved, her lips were competent, and cephalometric evaluation showed acceptable maxillary and mandibular incisor inclinations. The final panoramic radiograph showed that good root parallelism was achieved. Two-year follow-up intraoral photography showed stable results.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.565-581
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• 1990

This study was undertaken to investigate the degree of asymmetry in each part of the head in skeletal craniofacial asymmetric patients, and secondarily to determine the nature of difference existed between asymmetric patients and normal persons. The subjects consisted of 49 asymmetric adult patients and 52 normal adults, and the average ages were 21 years 5 months and 23 years 5 months, respectively. The computerized analyses of 33 linear measurements, 12 angular measurements, and 8 surface areas from posteroanterior cephalometric radiograph were carried out. The conclusions were as follows; 1. Asymmetry was a common finding in both normal and asymmetric group. 2. When the analyses were undertaken after the head was divided into 3 parts anteroposteriorly and superoinferiorly in the asymmetric patients, there were significant asymmetries in all parts excepts in the cranial base region. 3. When the analyses were undertaken after the head was divided into respective 3 parts anteroposteriorly in the asymmetric patients, the more posterior part showed relative stability than the more anterior part. 4. When the analyses were undertaken after the head was divided into 3 parts superoinferiorly in the asymmetric patients, the more superior part showed relative stability than the more inferior part. 5. Twelve variables indicating asymmetry were selected and the highest ranked variable was Me-Mid-sagittal reference line.