• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2012

Urbanization has led to a reduction in green spaces and thus transformed the spatial pattern of urban land use. An increase in air temperature directly affects forest vegetation, phenology, and biodiversity in urban areas. In this paper, we analyze the changing land use patterns and urban heat distribution (UHD) in Seoul on the basis of a spatial assessment. It is necessary to monitor and assess the functions of green spaces in order to understand the changes in the green space. In addition, we estimated the influence of green space on urban temperature using Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) imagery and climatic data. Results of the assessment showed that UHD differences cause differences in temperature variation and the spatial extent of temperature reducing effects due to urban green space. The ratio of urban heat area to green space cooling area increases rapidly with increasing distance from a green space boundary. This shows that urban green space plays an important role for mitigating urban heating in central areas. This study demonstrated the importance of green space by characterizing the spatiotemporal variations in temperature associated with urban green spaces.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.156-164
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• 2010

This study examines for the making a deduction of architectural characteristics of high-rise business hotel's lower public space through analyzing the lobby space composition through Beijjng's 21 cases constructed from 1978 until 2008 in China. In the methods of analyzing process, We study the literatures, research reports and architectural drawings including the site survey. We hope to establish the principle in public space composition of Beijing's business hotels through analyzing the plan of these hotels. Finally, We find out the principles after researching as follows. Firstly, duration of business hotel construction was concentrated with the center of Beijing City especially central 5 Gu which will roll. To 1990's after that the high-rise hotel construction increased in order for the demand of the resort and the convention hotel to come to be many. The modem style was increased in hotel design of building's style. Secondly, the result which analyzes an 21 case study shows concourse style of public space composition is representative in lobby space of general 5 star business hotel in Beijing. And there are many upper composition style in sectional plan, modern style in lobby interior design. The third, the medium and small sized hotel have the plane which apply the public space efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.141-157
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• 1998

It has been general view to Josun palace space that the Kyongbok palace, a main palace, is arranged with symmetric geometrical composition principles and, unlikely main palace, sub-palaces such as Changduk, Changkyong and Kyonghee palace are placed in organic structure adapted to natural land form. With that view, there are no common factors to be considered between these palace, main and sub palace, in composting principles of the space. In this study, because of same ideological period, although there is external difference of that palaces, that common ideological principles are projected to these two palaces types through compositing space is assumed. On this hypostasis, this study has been focused on finding the ideological principles projected to these palace space commonly. As result of study, some of them are considered as common principles; Firstly, they are arranged in the text of contents through the way of naming to building, enterence and so on. The second point is ; it is viewed that the Oheung and symmetric arrangement method based on Oheung are used in compositing of palace space. The third is ; through analizing central space of Kyongbok palace, it is analized that oneness composition principles, which are based on the theory of Umyangheong, are projected to different palace space commonly.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.67-76
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• 2010

Recently the trend that human emotions become central is strongly on the rise beyond functions in the area of space. In the present situation, the current study is to examine the characteristics of experiential space of emotions through an approach to space appearing in kinetic art paying attention to the fact that the new spatial expressions and forms of Kineticism lie in introduction of 'movement' as a phenomenon that humans who are main agents of experiences can perceive. For research methods, spatial expressions were proposed according to each characteristic extracting characteristics to create space through 'movement' of Kineticism, and the features of experiential space of emotion were elicited by analyzing sensible elements and perceptual characteristics which stimulate human sensitivity through expressive aspects of 'movement' appearing in the case. As a result, it was found that characteristics appeared including immersion through non-daily stimulation, empathy through visual·perceptual stimulation, syn-aesthetic experiences through stimulation of thinking senses, and perceptual activation through physical movement etc. Namely, the present study has its meanings in seeking another directions and possibilities as emotional space to activate experiencers' diverse perceptions and senses by analyzing the characteristics of experiential emotional space through 'movement' of Kineticism which is one of modern plastic arts.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.68-76
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• 2008

This study investigated composition elements and estimation of image in lobby from user viewpoint that is the central space of local cultural institution, and spectator mainly utilizes. Progress process of study develops investigation device including literature investigation, professional panel and lobby space image measurement tool through on-the-spot probe and, executed supporting research to spectator. As the result of the study, first, lobby space image exerts absolute effect to local cultural institution image-building, and is grasped on constituent that floor, ceiling, entrance and lighting and decoration is important in image-building of lobby space. Second, the image of the important lobby space was grasped in order of convenient image(M = 3.98) bright image(M = 3.87), and cozy image(M = 3.80). Third, the results on investigating semantic structure of the lobby image, emotional factor, styling factor, spatial factor, and peculiar factor are composed of important factors that decides image of lobby space. Fourth, as the result of image analysis for lobby space, the degree of satisfaction for the local cultural institution was entirely low against the importance. In particular, the image for convenience, individuality, locality and dignity was not sufficient in all the three places. Therefore, lobby design of local cultural institution shall also suggest more various lobby space image from culture oriented viewpoint.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.46.1-46.1
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• 2020

DEEP-South (DEep Ecliptic Patrol of the Southern Sky) team will start the 2nd phase of KMTNet observation in Oct 2020. The DEEP-South observation mainly consists of three survey modes: (1) Activity survey (AS) that aims at finding active phenomena of small Solar System bodies. (2) Light curve survey (LS) targets to discover and characterize light variations of asteroids. And (3) Deep drilling survey (DS) focuses on the objects beyond the orbit of Jupiter (Centaurus and trans-Neptunian objects) as well as near Earth asteroids. For asteroid family (AF) studies and target of opportunity (TO) observations for urgent photometric follow-up, targeted mode will also be used. DEEP-South team is awarded 7.0% of the telescope time at each site every year from Oct 2020 to Sep 2023 in the 2nd phase of KMTNet operation which corresponds to about 75 full nights a year for the network. In this presentation, we will introduce our survey strategy and observation plan.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.163-172
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• 2000

Let $\mathcal{S}^{\prime}(\mathbb{R})$ be the dual of the Schwartz spaces $\mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R})$), A be a self-adjoint operator in $L^2(\mathbb{R})$ and ${\Gamma}(A)^*$ be the adjoint operator of ${\Gamma}(A)$ which is the second quantization operator of A. It is proven that under a suitable condition on A there exists a nuclear subspace $\mathcal{S}$ of a fundamental space $\mathcal{S}_A$ of Hida's type on $\mathcal{S}^{\prime}(\mathbb{R})$) such that ${\Gamma}(A)\mathcal{S}{\subset}\mathcal{S}$ and $e^{-t{\Gamma}(A)}\mathcal{S}{\subset}\mathcal{S}$, which enables us to show that a stochastic differential equation: $$dX(t)=dW(t)-{\Gamma}(A)^*X(t)dt$$, arising from the central limit theorem for spatially extended neurons has an unique solution on the dual space $\mathcal{S}^{\prime}$ of $\mathcal{S}$.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2002

Images taken with the Chandra X-ray telescope have for the the first time revealed the central, wind-driven, hot bubble (Chu et al. 2001), while Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFPC2 images of the Cat's Eye nebula, NGC 6543, show that the temperature of the halo region of angular radius ~ 20", is much higher than that of the inner bright H II region. With the coupling of a photoionization calculation to a hydrodynamic simulation, we predict the observed 〔O III〕 line intensities of the halo region with the same O abundance as in the core H II region: oxygen abundance gradient does not appear to exist in the NGC 6543 inner halo. An interaction between a (leaky) fast stellar wind and halo gas may cause the higher excitation temperatures in the halo region and the inner hot bubble region observed with the Chandra X-ray telescope.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.367-374
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• 1997

Slewing maneuver and vibration suppression control of flexible spacecraft model by Lyapunov stability theory are considered. The specific model considered in this paper consists of a rigid hub with an elastic appendage attached to the central hub and tip mass. Attitude control to point and stabilize single axis using reaction wheel type device is tested. To control all flexible modes is so critical to designing an active control law. We therefore considered an direct output feeback control design by using Lyapunov stability theory. It is shown that the ouput feedback control law design with proposed configuration gives satisfactory result in slewing performance and vibration suppression control.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2004.10b
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• pp.321-324
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• 2004

We used BV CCD images to study the dynamical substructures of three globular clusters - M5, NGC6934, NGC7006 - analyzing the radial variations of ellipticity and position angle from the point spread function stellar photometry and the ellipse surface photometry. Several populations were classified by the brightness on color-magnitude diagrams of each globular cluster. Ellipse analyses to the images, removed stars of each population from the original images of the clusters, show radial variations in ellipticity and position angle, with the amount of $0.01\~0.25$ in ellipticity and $+90\~-90$ degrees in position angle up to roughly three times of half light radius $(r_h)$. It is also apparent that there are no significant discrepancies in the dynamical substructures beyond $r_h$ among the different populations. However, dynamical substructures on the central region (i.e., inner than $\~r_h$) reflect the contributions of populations of bright red giant stars and horizontal branch stars.