• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2008

During New year's day and Thanksgiving holiday, the 1339 Information Center in Gwangju and Jeonnam received an emergency medical situation and carried out the analysis as follows ; 1. The reason for the higher phone guidance(72%) of the hospital was based on the simple query for the pain control rather than emergency care. This was explained by the unfamiliar environment of the holiday movers. Pharmaceutical guidance(12.6%) in rural area was also given during the holidays. 2. The disease counselling(2.4%) and emergency treatment instruction(First Aid)(1.6%) decreased because of the small number of request for the diseases. This explained the decrease of the disease counselling. 3. The phone calls increased 8-13 times more than usual. Five-day holidays could have more emergency patients than three-day holidays. During New year's day and Thanksgiving day, the number of received phone calls was 6,444(25.7%) and this accounted for one fourth of the total number in 2007. 4. The number of the patients increased on New year's day and Thanksgiving day because most of the medical institutions and pharmacy were off duty. 5. The patients were centered in Internal medicine and pediatrics. This showed the food-borne diseases and air-borne infection such as common cold. 6. During Thanksgiving day, ophthalmologic patients having viral keratoconjunctivitis(Apollo eye disease) increased 8 folds than in New year's day. It was estimated from the continuous epidemic of Apollo eye disease. 7. There broke out the traffic accidents, food poisoning, infectious diseases, dermatological diseases due to seasonal and environmental changes during the holiday move.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.425-435
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a Na-reduction education program and apply it for cooks who prepare meals in day-care centers. To development of the program was based on increasing the self-awareness of salinity, eating behaviors and enforcing skills of low-Na cooking. Methods: The study was carried out from April to October in 2013, fifty five cooks participated in this program. The Na reduction program composed of 4 sessions of education which included a 90-minute lecture and self-reevaluation of personal salt-sensitivity degree and three low Na recipe cooking classes. In order to measure the effectiveness of the program, the pretest and posttest of salinity of the soups provided by day care centers was conducted at registration and 5 month after the program with the same menu. Results: After the conduct of the program, salimeter using rate was increased from 8.2% to 94.6% after the program and the other measuring instruments using rate was gradually increased. We observed that the score on eating behaviors increased 1.51 points from 38.80 to 40.31 after the intervention program (p < 0.001). Further, increased knowledge and skill provided by the intervention program resulted in improved Na-reduction cooking capability. According to the results from analyzing the soup salinity, the salinity in watery soup was significant reduced from 0.556 to 0.449 0.107 and soybean-paste soup was significant reduced from 0.669 to 0.551 after the intervention program (p < 0.001). Conclusions: As the result of fact, the intervention programs that was based on self-reevaluation, to enforce practical skill and consciousness was effective to serve low sodium menu at day care centers.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2020

본 연구는 관계적 공격성 완화를 위한 차문화치료 융합프로그램의 효과성을 검증하기 위하여 P시 소재 노인주간보호센터를 이용하는 70세 이상의 여성노인들 10명을 연구대상으로 하여 노인의 관계적 공격성 완화를 위한 차문화치료 융합프로그램을 적용하고 그 효과를 살펴보고자 한다. 분석결과로 반응적 관계적 공격성과 주도적 관계적 공격성 점수는 사전검사 평균보다 사후검사 평균에서 0.21 낮아져 차문화치료 프로그램에 참여한 노인들의 주도적 관계적 공격성은 프로그램 참여 전보다 감소 된 결과를 보여주고 있다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 노인주간보호센터 이용노인의 관계적 공격성 완화를 위한 실천적 제언을 제시하였다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the differences in young children's multiple intelligence and social behaviors based not only on Montessori and general programs of day care centers but also on their gender and social- demographic factors. The subjects were 329 young children (182 boys and 147 girls aged from four to five) from two day care centers in Cheongju city. The instruments used in this study were HAPI (Hillside assessment of Perceived Intelligence) to measure the surveyee's multiple intelligence and Park & Lee's scale to measure their social behaviors. The frequencies, percentiles, mean, standard deviations, Cronbach a, t-teat, F and LSD were used to analyze the collected data through SPSS WIN program. The results of this study are as follows: 1) As for young children's multiple intelligence, there are differences according to young children's gender, order of birth, parents' level of education and teacher's working period out of social-demographic factors. 2) As for the young children's social behavior, there are differences according to young children's gender, mother's level of education and teacher's working period out of social-demographic factors.

• 대한간호
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.61-76
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• 1993

This study was done in order La provide basic data to a Fee System for hospital based Home Health Care services in Korea in the future. It was done by investigating activities provided to possible Home Health Care clients who could be discharged early from genera] hospitals and then estimating the nursing care fee according to each nursing activity based upon the time used for activity. The subjects of the study were selected by convenience sampling and consisted of 35 clients who might be clients for Home Nursing Care and were presently admitted to a medical- surgical ward of Y University Medical Center located in Seoul, Korea. The data collection period was from September 1, 1991 to September 30, 1991. The research in strum nets utilized for the study were a client selection criterial for Home Health Care developed by Choo(l991) and a check-list of nursing activity developed by researcher. The results of the study were as follows : 1. There were 44 different nursing activities provided in the seven days but the time was calculated for only 25 of the nursing activities. 2. Fees for the 25 different nursing activities were calculated by multipling the median of the average wage of a staff nurse having five years experience in an A grade general hospital to the Lime of the nursing activity. The results were compared with the insurance fee which the government recognized as an appropriate fee for that activity. The nursing activities with a lower calculated fee than the insurance fee were suction, catheterization, exercise education and dressing change. The nursing activities with a higher calculated fee than the government recognized fee were 1M injection and vital sign check. 3. There was a range of 1-15 nursing activities provided daily to the client. For the average number of nursing activities per day of 6.26 events the nursing care fee was calaulated at W 6136 per day. 4. Based upon the results of the study, a recommentdation for a Home Health Care fee per visit based on the nursing activities provided could be formulated for a Home Health Care fee system. It could be formulated as following: 1) Home health Care fee per visit $=[(direct{\;} nursing{\;}fee(direct{\;}nursing{\;}care{\;}time{\;}per{\;}activity{\;}{\times}{\;}average{\;}nursing{\;}wage)+indirect fee]{\times}average$ nursing activity per visit]+management fee+ materials fee+a travel fee In this way a nursing fee could be calculated based upon the result of the study of the nursing fees per visit. 2) Nursing activity fees per visit. = $([direct nursing{\;}care{\;}fee+indirect{\;}nursing{\;}fee]{\times}average$ number of nursing activities provided per visit] (W 6, 136) + travel fee(\ 5, 542) +management fee material $fee({\alpha})\{\;}16, 436+{\alpha}$ The nursing fee per visit as calculated in this research of $\{\;}15, 0000+{\alpha}$ could be adjusted according to the patient's condition or the use of high technology nursing care or according to the amount of time spent for travel. The nursing care fee per visit presented in this study can be validated through a Home Health Care demonstration project.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate appropriateness of home health care travel cost. For the evaluation, investigated the operating costs of vehicles used by home care nurses and then were components of home care nurses's annual salaries. Travel costs were then calculated based on actual travel expenses of home health care service. Actual data of 23 hospital-based home care agencies between July, 2002 to December, 2002 were collected for the analysis of the travel costs. The results of this study are : 1) For home visit, 65% of home care agencies turned out to be using only hospital owned cars, and 17.1% be depending purely on home care nurses' cars. On average, 1.9 cars used for home visit. 2) Out of 89 agencies, 23 agencies responded to the travel cost survey. Total maintenance cost of a car per month was 381,457 won. 3) Average per visit personal expenses of home care nurses during travel time turned out to be 7,124won assuming 8 working hours per day, 4 visits per day, and 30 minuets of travel time for each visit. 4) Total home health care travel cost per visit was 12,069 won, which was the sum of actually paid travel cost of 4,945 won and personal expenses during travel time of 7,124. In conclusion. we reckon that current compensation price of home care nurses' travel is inappropriate because total home health care travel costs of 12,069 won per visit turned out to be 2.1 times of currently prevailing standard compensation price of 5,830 per visit.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.524-531
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 어린이집 교사들의 역할놀이에 대한 은유의 경향과 은유의 의미를 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위하여 A지역 대학 보수교육에 참여한 어린이집 교사 166명을 대상으로 문장 완성형 은유 방법을 활용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 수집한 자료는 은유분석에 관한 선행연구에 기초하여 유아교육전문가 2인이 질적 연구의 방법을 활용한 범주화의 과정을 거쳐 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 역할놀이 은유의 경향은 3개 범주, 8개의 내용으로 분류되었으며, 3개 범주는 '사회성 발달', '정서발달', '발달'의 순서로 빈도가 높게 나타났다. 8개의 내용 중 '사회성 발달' 범주에서는 '모방'이 가장 빈도가 높게 나타났고 '정서발달' 범주에서는 '정서표현'이 가장 높은 빈도를 나타냈다. '발달' 범주에서는 '발달의 필수요인'이 단독내용으로 나타났다. 둘째, 역할놀이 은유의 의미는 먼저 '사회성 발달' 범주에서는 '사회적 기술', '역할체험', '모방', '사회이해'의 의미, '정서발달' 범주에서는 '상상력', '정화작용', '정서표현'의 의미, '발달' 범주에서는 '발달의 필수요인'으로 인식하고 있었다. 연구결과를 기초로 하여 유아교육기관에서 이루어지는 역할놀이의 가치와 교사의 역할에 대한 재조명이 필요함을 논의하였다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the resting energy expenditure (REE) measured using indirect calorimetry with that estimated using predictive equations in severe trauma patients to determine the appropriate caloric requirements. Methods: Patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit between January 2020 and March 2023 were included in this study. Indirect calorimetry was used to measure the patients' REE values. These values were subsequently compared with those estimated using predictive equations: the weight-based equation (rule of thumb, 25 kcal/kg/day), Harris-Benedict, Ireton-Jones, and the Penn State 2003 equations. Results: A total of 27 severe trauma patients were included in this study, and 47 indirect calorimetric measurements were conducted. The weight-based equation (mean difference [MD], -28.96±303.58 kcal) and the Penn State 2003 equation (MD, - 3.56±270.39 kcal) showed the closest results to REE measured by indirect calorimetry. However, the REE values estimated using the Harris-Benedict equation (MD, 156.64±276.54 kcal) and Ireton-Jones equation (MD, 250.87±332.54 kcal) displayed significant differences from those measured using indirect calorimetry. The concordance rate, which the predictive REE differs from the measured REE value within 10%, was up to 36.2%. Conclusions: The REE values estimated using predictive equations exhibited substantial differences from those measured via indirect calorimetry. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the REE value through indirect calorimetry in severe trauma patients.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to check the degree of residual microbial contamination after disinfection of reusable suction containers, used in an intensive care unit (ICU) and present basic data for efficient use through cost analysis in comparison to disposable suction containers. Methods: This study was conducted on 32 reusable suction containers used in an ICU on a selected specific day. After disinfection and washing, specimens were collected from the used containers and cultured to check for microbial contamination. Additionally, a comparative narrative study analyzes the cost of using reusable suction containers and disposable suction containers. Data were analyzed with the SPSS WIN 20.0 program using real numbers and percentage ${\chi}^2$-test. Results: As a result of the study, microorganisms were found in all samples where in 30 were gram-positive (62.5%) while 13 were gram-negative (27.1%). Based on level of contamination, microorganisms were less than 10CFU/ml in 18 samples (56.3%); 11-99CFU/ml in six samples (18.8%); and more than 100CFU/ml in eight samples (25%). Cost per day for a reusable suction container was $10,655+{\alpha}$ while cost per day for a disposable suction container was 10,666 won. Conclusion: This study found that reusable suction containers, even after disinfection, accounted for factors of potential infection as well as microbial contamination. So, disposable suction containers are superior in cost-effectiveness and highly efficient for use with infected patients.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.159-177
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to examine sleeping patterns and diet patterns of the children in day-care centers in Seongdong-district and to find out the relationships between those two patterns and children growth. Methods : 686 day-care center kids participated in the examination. We measured their heights and weights. We also conducted a questionnaire survey (of them) on their sleeping patterns and diet patterns. Based on the findings, we have analyzed correlations of the factors. Results : 1. We have interviewed 686 children in day-care centers in Seongdong-district. Substantial survey was conducted to 672(14 kids didn't go through regular medical checkups). Their age ranged from 4 months to 120 months and weights covered from 6.20 kg to 50.80 kg with the average of 16.97kg. Their height ranges were from 70.4cm to 140.6cm and the average was 100.76cm. 2. The survey results showed that birth-height affects children's current height. The results from the group of age over 25months and the group covering 2 to 6 years indicated that birth-height affected the current height as well. However, the result from the age group over 37 months showed that birth-height didn't relate to the current height. 3. Results from questionnaires on sleeping patterns indicate that children sleeping longer are taller than the other. Results of other questionnaires showed no substantial relations to height. 4. Results from questionnaires on diet patterns, cold food eating habit affects growth. Conclusions : According to the results above, sleeping patterns substantially affects the growth. In order to find out, however, the specific relations between them, further research would be necessary.