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High performance top-emitting OLEDs with copper iodide-doped hole injection layer

  • Lee, Jae-Hyun;Leem, Dong-Seok;Kim, Jang-Joo
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.492-495
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    • 2008
  • Efficient top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes were fabricated using copper iodide (CuI) doped NPB as a p-doped hole injection layer to improve hole injection from a silver bottom electrode. The enhanced hole injection is originated from the formation of the charge transfer complex between CuI and NPB. The devices result in high efficiency of 69 cd/A with almost Lambertian emission pattern.

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Characterization and Design Consideration of 80-nm Self-Aligned N-/P-Channel I-MOS Devices

  • Choi, Woo-Young;Lee, Jong-Duk;Park, Byung-Gook
    • JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.43-51
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    • 2006
  • 80-nm self-aligned n-and p-channel I-MOS devices were demonstrated by using a novel fabrication method featuring double sidewall spacer, elevated drain structure and RTA process. The fabricated devices showed a normal transistor operation with extremely small subthreshold swing less than 12.2 mV/dec at room temperature. The n- and p-channel I-MOS devices had an ON/OFF current of 394.1/0.3 ${\mu}A$ and 355.4/8.9 ${\mu}A$ per ${\mu}m$, respectively. We also investigated some critical issues in device design such as the junction depth of the source extension region and the substrate doping concentration.

Vacuum Dependency of Si, Co Slicide and Mo Silicide FEAs

  • Lee, Jong-Duk;Shim, Byung-Chang;Park, Byung-Gook;Uh, Hyung-Soo
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2002.08a
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    • pp.685-688
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    • 2002
  • In this paper, it is reported that the anode current changes at the constantly applied gate voltages and the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of Si, Co silicide and Mo silicide field emitter arrays (FEAs) depending on vacuum level from a $10^{-9}$ torr to a $10^{-6}$ torr. The mechanism of the robustness of anode current degradation of Mo silicide FEAs under poor vacuum conditions can be explained by the model of tolerance for the oxygen adsorption and oxidation at the silicide surface. Also, we present the changes of emitting area and work function of the emitters according to vacuum level.

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Numerical Identification of a Streptomyces Strain Producing Thiol Protease Inhibitor

  • Lee, Kye-Joon;Kim, In-Seop;Kim, Hyoun-Tae;Ward, Alan-C.;Goodfellow, Michael
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.2 no.3
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    • pp.220-225
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    • 1992
  • Chemotaxonomic and numerical identification were carried out for an isolate of Streptomyces strain SMF13 producing thiol protease inhibitor. Fifty taxonomic unit characters were tested and the data were analyzed numerically using the TAXON program. The isolate SMF13 was identified to be a member of the cluster 5 of Streptomyces and best matched to Streptomyces omiyaensis which is a synonym of Streptomyces exfoliatus. Therefore. it was concluded that the isolate was identified to be a strain of Streptomyces exfoliatus.

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Frequency Dependency of Multi-layer OLED Current Density-voltage Shift and Its Application to Digitally-driven AMOLED

  • Kim, Hyunjong;Kim, Suhwan;Hong, Yongtaek
    • Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.181-184
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    • 2012
  • We report, for the first time, operation frequency dependence of current density-voltage ($J_{OLED}-V_{OLED}$) shift for multi-layer organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). When the OLEDs were electrically stressed for 21 hours with 50% duty voltage pulses at 60, 120, 240, and 360 Hz, the JOLED-VOLED shifts were suppressed by half for 360 Hz operation compared with 60 Hz operation, but with little change in emission efficiencies. This frequency dependent $J_{OLED}-V_{OLED}$ shift is believed to be commonly observed for typical multi-layer OLEDs and can be used to further improve lifetime of digitally-driven active-matrix OLED displays.

Preparation of SAN/Silicate Nanocomposites Using PMMA as a Compatibilizer

  • Kim, Ki-Hong;Jo, Won-Ho;Jho, Jae-Young;Lee, Moo-Sung;Lim, Gyun-Taek
    • Fibers and Polymers
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.97-101
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    • 2003
  • Polymer/silicate nanocomposites were prepared via two-step manufacturing process: a master batch preparation and then mixing with matrix polymer. A hybrid of PMMA and Na-MMT with exfoliated structure was first prepared by emulsion polymerization of MMA in the presence of Na-MMT. For the case that SAN24, miscible with PMMA, is used as matrix, we could prepare a nanocomposite with exfoliated structure. However, SAN31 nanocomposite shows the aggregation and/or reordering of the silicate layers due to the immiscibility between SAN31 and PMMA.

Redistribution of an Intergranular-Liquid Phase During Sintering of 1 mol%-Al2O3-doped Calcia-Stabilized Zirconia: Estimation by Impedance Spectroscopy

  • Choi, Jung-Hae;Lee, Jong-Heun;Kim, Doh-Yeon
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.39 no.9
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    • pp.818-821
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    • 2002
  • The grain boundary resistivity of a 1-mol%-$Al_2O_3$-dopedd CaO-Stabilized Zirconia(CSZ) specimen was determined by impedance spectroscopy using sub-millimeter-scale electrodes. At the initial stage of sintering, the grain-boundary resistivity of the specimen interior was observed to be higher than that of the surface. However, upon further sintering the boundary resistivity of the specimen interior became lower than that of the surface. The results were explained in terms of a redistribution of the intergranular liquid phase. The liquid phase was predicted to initially coagulate at the interior of the specimen then spread outward during sintering.